I-GIS (Inkqubo yoLwazi lweJografi) kwiLinux: iinkqubo ezikhoyo

Los GIS (Inkqubo yoLwazi lweJografi, iNkqubo yoLwazi lweJografi) vumela sebenza ngolwazi oluchazwe ngokwendawoIifomathi ezininzi zefayile ze-GIS, ezinye iiraster (ezinje ngeGeoTIFF, i-DRG okanye i-SID) kunye nezinye i-vector (ezinje nge-ESRI-Shapefile, GML, DXF, Imephu yeFayile okanye TIGER). Kukwakho ke nabo Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-GIS; masibone ezinye zezona zibalulekileyo iyafumaneka kwiLinux. Ukuzifaka, kuya kufuneka zijonge kumphathi wephakheji yedisara yakho okanye khuphela i-installer ehambelana nayo kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yemveliso.

GvSIG

I-gvSIG yiprojekhthi yophuhliso lwesoftware yasimahla yeeNkqubo zeNgcaciso yeJografi, ebandakanya ikakhulu i-gvSIG Desktop kunye nokusetyenziswa kweselfowuni kwe-gvSIG. I-gvSIG Desktop yayisisicelo sokuqala esaphuhliswa ngaphakathi kweprojekthi ye-gvSIG, yiyo loo nto ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-gvSIG.

I-gvSIG Desktop yinkqubo yekhompyuter yokulawula ulwazi lwejografi ngokuchaneka kwemifanekiso ehanjiswa phantsi kwelayisensi ye-GNU GPL v2. Ukubonelela ngokufikelela kulwazi lwe vector kunye ne raster kunye neeseva zemephu ezihlangabezana neenkcukacha ze-OGC. Olu lolunye lweempawu eziphambili ze-gvSIG xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iiNkqubo zoLwazi lweJografi, ukumiliselwa okubalulekileyo kweenkonzo ze-OGC: iWMS (Inkonzo yeMephu yeWebhu), iWFS (Inkonzo yeeMpawu zeWebhu), iWCS (Inkonzo yokuThanda iWebhu), Inkonzo yeKhathalogu kunye neNkonzo yeGazethi .

Iphuhlisiwe kulwimi lwenkqubo yeJava, isebenza ngeMicrosoft Windows, Linux kunye neMac OS X iinkqubo zokusebenza, kwaye isebenzisa iilayibrari eziqhelekileyo zeGIS, ezinje ngeGeotools okanye iJava Topology Suite (JTS). Ngapha koko, i-gvSIG inolwimi olubhaliweyo olusekwe kwiJython kwaye izandiso zinokwenziwa kwiJava kusetyenziswa iiklasi ze-gvSIG.

Phakathi kweefomathi zefayile ezibonakalayo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukufikelela kwiifomathi zevektha iGML, i-SHP, i-DXF, i-DWG, i-DGN, i-KML kunye neefomathi zemifanekiso enje nge-MrSID, GeoTIFF, ENVI okanye i-ECW.

I-GUM ye-Quantum

I-Quantum GIS (okanye i-QGIS) ngumthombo ovulekileyo weNkqubo yoLwazi lweJografi (GIS) yeGNU / Linux, Unix, Mac OS kunye neMicrosoft Windows iqonga. Yayenye yeeprojekthi zokuqala ze-OSGeo Foundation kwaye ngo-2008 yaphumelela ngokusemthethweni kwisigaba sokufukama. Ivumela ukuphatha i-raster kunye neefomathi zevektha, kunye noovimba beenkcukacha. Ezinye zeempawu zayo zezi:

• Inkxaso yolwandiso lwendawo yePostgreSQL, iPostGIS.
• Ukuphathwa kweefayile zevektha, Ifomathi yeArcInfo, iMapinfo, IGREAS GIS, njl.
• Inkxaso yenani elikhulu leefayile ze-raster (GRASS GIS, GeoTIFF, TIFF, JPG, njl.

Enye yezona zinto ziluncedo kakhulu kukusebenzisa i-Quantum GIS njenge-GUI ye-SIG GRASS, usebenzisa onke amandla ohlalutyo lwamva kwimeko yokusebenza enobuhlobo. I-QGIS iphuhliswa kwi-C ++, isebenzisa ilayibrari ye-Qt kwi-Graphical User Interface yayo.

SAGA GIS

I-SAGA (isifinyezo sesiNgesi seNkqubo yoHlolo oluZenzekelayo lweGeosciology okanye iNkqubo yoHlolo oluZenzekelayo lweSayensi eSpanish) sisoftware yolwazi lwejografi (jonga iiNkqubo zoLwazi lweJografi).

Injongo yokuqala ye-SAGA kukubonelela ngeqonga elisebenzayo nelilula lokumiliselwa kweendlela ze-geoscience kusetyenziswa inkqubo yolwazi (API). Okwesibini kukwenza ezi ndlela zifikeleleke ngendlela elula. Oku kufezekiswa ngokuyintloko ngokujongana nomzobo womsebenzisi (i-GUI). Ngokudibeneyo, i-API kunye ne-GUI zezona zinto zinokwenzeka ze-SAGA-inkqubo ekhula ngokukhawuleza yeendlela ze-geoscientific.

IGMT

Njengoko kucacisiwe kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-GMT http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/, GMT, emele izixhobo zemephu zohlobo oluthile, oko kukuthi, izixhobo zokwenza iimephu, yiphakheji yasimahla yeenkqubo zesoftware ezivulekileyo, ezenziwe ngeenxa zonke Iifayile zomyalelo ezingama-60 1, yokucaciswa kwedatha yokuma komhlaba, ngokubanzi, idatha kumacala amabini anesithathu, kubandakanya ii-algorithms zokucoca ulwelo, ingqikelelo, uthambiso lwemigca, njl. Unako ukuvelisa imifanekiso kwiifayile zePostcript ezisusela kwimizobo emi-30 ukuya kwimibala emi-XNUMX. I-GMT inokuvelisa malunga nama-XNUMX eentlobo zoqikelelo lwejografi kwaye iqulethe ulwazi kwiifayile zalo kwimilambo, kunxweme nakwimida yelizwe.

Sifuna kuphela igcuntswana kubo. I-GMT ingafunda amanxweme, imida, imilambo kunye namachibi njengeevektri (oko kukuthi, njengee-curve zezibalo) kwaye iyahambelana ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo, ngokuguqulwa, kunye neenkcukacha zolwazi ezaziwayo.

I-GMT ekuqaleni ayinayo imbonakalo yomsebenzisi. Ukuvelisa iimephu, kufuneka usebenzise itoliki yomyalelo (umgca wokuyalela) wenkqubo yokusebenza apho inkqubo isetyenziswa khona. Kulapho imiyalelo ifakwe iiparameter ezihambelanayo ukuze umfanekiso uveliswe kwiPostScript, ifayile enokwandiswa kweps. Ifayile yePoscriptcript eyenziweyo inokuguqulwa iye kwezinye iifomati kwaye kamva ihlelwe ngenkqubo yokuhlela umfanekiso. Iimephu ezivelisiweyo kufuneka zinikwe iphepha-mvume phantsi kwelayisensi ye-GNU yamaXwebhu asimahla.

GRASS

I-GRASS (isifinyezo sesiNgesi kwiNkqubo yoNkxaso yoHlahlelo lweeJografi) sisoftware ye-GIS (Inkqubo yoLwazi lweJografi) phantsi kwelayisensi ye-GPL. Inokuxhasa zombini ulwazi lwe-raster kunye nevector kwaye inezixhobo ezisebenzisa imifanekiso yedijithali.

Ekuqalekeni kwayo, ngo-1982, isoftware yaphuhliswa yi-United States Army Construction Engineering Laboratory Corps yeeNjineli (iUSA-CERL) njengesixhobo solawulo kunye nolawulo lwendalo kwimimandla ephantsi kolawulo lweSebe lezoKhuselo. I-GIS kwintengiso ehlangabezana nezi mfuno. Ngo-1991 yafunyanwa kuluntu ngokubanzi nge-Intanethi. Ukuthandwa kwayo kuyanda kwiiyunivesithi, iinkampani kunye neearhente zikarhulumente. Ngo-1997, xa i-USA-CERL GRASS yabhengeza ukuba iza kuyeka ukuxhasa le nkqubo, iYunivesithi yaseBaylor yathatha uphuhliso lwayo. Ukusukela ngalo mhla, ukwamkelwa kwayo kwihlabathi lezemfundo kuyanda. Ngo-Okthobha u-26, 1999 ngo-5.0 ikhowudi yenkqubo ikhutshwa phantsi kwelayisensi ye-GNU GPL. I-GRASS yenye yeeprojekthi zokuqala ezisibhozo ze-OSGeo Foundation. Ngo-2008 waphumelela ngokusemthethweni kwisigaba sokufukama.

Kwi-Linux, ujongano lomzobo we-GRASS yi-Quantum GIS, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-QGIS.

gpx2shp

Ukuguqula ukusuka kwifomathi ye-GPX (esetyenziswe kwi-GPS) ukuya kwifomathi ye-ESRI-Shapefile (esetyenziswe kwi-GIS).

Amathala eencwadi eGeospatial

• FDO
• GDAL / OGR
• GEOS
• GeoTools
• I-MetaCRS
• OSSIM
• PostGIS