Isichazi magama esifutshane semigaqo yeLinux

Xa abantu bengena kwihlabathi leLinux badibana imigaqo njengendawo yokugcina izinto, i-GRUB okanye iKernel enokubonakala ngathi ayaziwa. Apha amagama aliqela asetyenzisiweyo kwilizwe le-Linux aya kuqokelelwa ngenjongo ye- susa amathandabuzo amaninzi kubantu abangena kweli hlabathi.

Ikhonsoli: Yinkqubo yokufaka imiyalelo ngekhibhodi. Le miyalelo isetyenziselwa ukuxelela inkqubo yokusebenza ukuba ithathe inyathelo elithile. Imiyalelo ingeniswa nganye nganye. Ikhonsoli ihlala ikwiZicelo-> Izixhobo-> iTheminali.

U sasazo: I-Linux ngokwayo i-kernel yenkqubo yokusebenza. Ukusasazwa kweLinux yikernel kunye nezixhobo ezininzi zokwenza kube lula ukumisela inkqubo yokusebenza kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezinokwahluka ukusuka kolunye usasazo luye kolunye. Imizekelo yolwabiwo lweLinux yile: Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch, Mandriva. Kukho amakhulu, banokukhethwa ngokokuthanda okulula okanye iimfuno ezintsonkothileyo.

Ukusasazwa: Unciphiso lonikezelo.

Umsuka: Luhlobo lomsebenzisi kwiLinux. Nguye oneemvume zokwenza naluphi na uhlobo lomsebenzi kwinkqubo yokusebenza kunye nezixhobo zePC.

Indawo yokugcina: Iseti yeekhonkco kunye neephakeji zesoftware zihlala zibanjwe kwiiseva ze-Intanethi. Zisetyenziselwa ukwenza kube lula ukufumana, ukukhuphela kunye nokufaka zonke iinkqubo esizisebenzisa kwiLinux.

Indawo yokukhwelela: Isitayile somyalelo we-DOS.

I-GRUB: (GRkwaye Uukuhlengahlengisa Bootloader) yi-bootloader: yinto yokuqala yokulayisha xa kuqala ikhompyuter.

Intsimbi: Inkqubo engundoqo. Elona candelo lisisiseko lenkqubo yokusebenza. Zonke ezinye izinto zongezwa ukwandisa ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza.

Umphathi wephakheji: Ukufaka isicelo nokuba kukwimowudi yemizobo okanye yeconsole esivumela ukuba sikhangele, sifake kwaye sikhuphe usetyenziso kunye nokuxhomekeka kwabo.

Umsebenzisi omkhulu: Root.

GUI: Iubuso GI-rafic ye Usuario, ukusuka kwisingesi GNgokulinganayo Uukuba Iubuso.

Idemon: Inkqubo eqhubekayo eqala kunye nenkqubo. (Ilungiswe ngu Carlos)

Uloyiko lweKernel: Uhlobo lwempazamo apho inkqubo yengozi, inokusonjululwa kuphela ngokuqala kwakhona, into efana neHasefroch's Blue Screen of Death, nangona kunzima kakhulu kuthi ukufumana le mpazamo.

Iminikelo yamkelekile ukuze ukwazi ukubhala amagama amaninzi kwizimvo.

Umthombo woqobo: Linux IParadesi

Igalelo elivela kumagqabaza:

Imirhumo evela UEduard Lucena:

I-GPL (Gnu kawonke wonke License): Yilayisensi yeSoftware yasimahla evumela ukuba inkqubo ikhutshelwe, iguqulwe, isetyenziswe kwaye isasazwe ngaphandle kwezithintelo, nangona ingavumeli ukuvalwa kwekhowudi yenkqubo.

Umthombo ovulekileyo / uMthombo ovulekileyoYintshukumo exhasa ukwaba ikhowudi yemvelaphi yenkqubo, kodwa "ithintele" ukulungiswa kwayo ngaphandle kwemvume yombhali wokuqala.

Isiseko seSoftware sasimahla (FSF): Umbutho wenzelwe ukukhuthaza nokusasaza iSoftware yasimahla.

GNU (Gnu ngu Not Unix): Iprojekthi ye-GNU yayiyiprojekti yokwenza inkqubo yasimahla yokusebenza, kwaye nangona yayiyiprojekthi yeSoftware yokuqala, ayizange ibe yinkqubo yokusebenza epheleleyo, ayizange iyigqibe ikernel, ekugqibeleni isebenzisa i-kernel ebizwa ngokuba yi "Linux". Ukusuka kwi-GNU zonke izixhobo zikhona (zininzi ngokwenene), ezaye zaphuhliswa ngaphakathi kwe-FSF, ezinje nge-GIMP, iGnome, i-Emacs phakathi kwabanye.

Imirhumo evela ubuqhetseba:

Linus TorvaldsEyaziwa ngokuqalisa kunye nokugcina ukukhula kwe Linux kernel.
URichard StallmanUmseki wentshukumo yesoftware yasimahla emhlabeni (FSF).

Imirhumo evela UAlfonso Morales:

Inkqubo yeX Window (kwinkqubo yeSpanish X yefestile): Isoftware eyaphuhliswa phakathi kwiminyaka ye-1980s kwi-MIT ukubonelela ngemifanekiso kwiinkqubo ze Unix. Le protocol ivumela unxibelelwano lomzobo womnatha phakathi komsebenzisi kunye nekhompyuter enye okanye nangaphezulu, eyenza inethiwekhi ibonakale kumsebenzisi. Ibhekisa kuhlobo lwe-11 lwale protocol, X11, esetyenziswayo ngoku. I-X inoxanduva lokubonisa ulwazi oluyimifanekiso ngokuzimeleyo kwinkqubo yokusebenza.