Uluhlu lwenkqubo yasimahla yokuhanjiswa

Isaac

Imizuzu ye3

I-SysV Init ithathelwe indawo yinkqubo I-facto kuninzi lwangoku lwe-GNU / Linux. Embindini wolo tshintsho, ezinye i-distros sele zikhethile kwiinkqubo eziguqulweyo ezinje nge-Upstart esekwe kwi-init daemon, eyayikho kwi-Ubuntu, ChromeOS, openSUSE, Debian, Red Hat, Fedora, njl.

Inkqubo entsha inzima ngakumbi kuneenkqubo ezindala, into engahambelani kakuhle nefilosofi ye-Unix yokuphumeza iinkqubo ezilula. Ngaphandle koko, inyani yokuba igcina iirejista kubhinari ayithandwanga ngabaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuthiwe yenze ukuba eminye imisebenzi ibe lula kwaye ikwanezibonelelo zayo. Nangona kunjalo, isacaphukisa abasebenzisi abaninzi ngubani okhetha inkqubo yeklasikhi ...

Yabo bonke abo bafuna ukubaleka kwinkqubo kwaye banamathele kwiklasikhi, Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba zininzi ii-distros ezisimahla kule nkqubo. Kwaye ayisiyiyo nje i-Devuan (umahluko we-Debian ngaphandle kwenkqubo esele ithandwa kakhulu).

Apha ndikubonisa umdla Uluhlu lonikezelo lwasimahla lwenkqubo:

  • UDevuan: NguDebian ngokusisiseko ngaphandle kwenkqubo, ehamba "inyathelo elinye ngasemva" ngale ndlela yokususa abasebenzisi bayo bale nkqubo intsha. Ngapha koko, igama layo livela ekudibaniseni igama elithi Debian + VUA (iiVeteran UNIX Admins).
  • IAlpine Linux: lolunye unikezelo ngaphandle kwenkqubo onokulufumana. Isekwe kwi-musl kunye ne-BusyBox, ukuba ibe lula kwaye ikhuseleke.
  • IArtixlinux-Oku kujoyina ulwabiwo olwahlukeneyo olusekwe ngoku kwiArch Linux. Ulwabiwo olunqabileyo lokubaleka ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngaphandle kwenkqubo.
  • Akukho: yenye yezo zinto zisasazekayo. Ayisiyo imfoloko yale ikhoyo, kodwa yenziwe ukusuka ekuqaleni, kunye nomphathi wayo wephakheji kunye nokusebenzisa i-SysV init. Olukhetho olunamandla, kodwa isenokungabi yeyona ilungileyo ukuba ufuna into elula kwaye awunamava. Nangona ufuna ukuzama into eyahlukileyo, lukhetho olukhulu.
  • Slackware: yodidi lwe linuxers "ezindala". Olunye ulwabiwo oludumileyo nolunzima, kunye neGentoo kunye neArch.Kodwa njengale, iyabhetyebhetye kakhulu, inamandla kwaye ilunge kakhulu kwabo basebenzisi baqhubele phambili. Kule meko isebenzisa inkqubo yokubhala engaqhelekanga, ayisiyi-SysV init, kodwa isitayile se-BSD esifana nezo zisetyenziswa zii-BSDs ezithile.
  • Gentoo y IFuntoo: enye ye-distros ejolise kubasebenzisi abanamava ngenxa yobunzima bayo, kodwa iyamangalisa ngokulinganayo. Le distro ikwahlukanisa nokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo I-OpenRC.
  • Guix: Olunye ulwabiwo olususa isistim, kule meko i-GNU Daemon Sherped isetyenziswa njengenqubo ye-init. Ayisiyo i-distro elula ukuyisebenzisa, kwaye isebenzisa inkqubo yolawulo lweephakheji yokuthenga.
  • I-antiX Linux: enye yosasazo lwenkqubo yasimahla, kwaye isekwe kwi-Debian.
  • I-CRUX: yenye i-distro esekwe kwizikripthi zesitayile se-BSD kunye nokukhanya kakhulu.
  • PCLinuxOS: Ukuba uyayithanda iMandrake distro, kuya kufuneka uzame le foloko isagcina i-SysV init.
  • UAdélie LinuxIprojekthi esencinci ngokufanelekileyo ejolise ekuhlonipheni iintsika ezintathu ezisisiseko apho ixhomekeke khona: ukuhambelana ngokupheleleyo ne-POSIX, ukuhambelana koyilo oluninzi, kunye nokuguquguquka.
  • obarunenye enye isekwe kwiArch, ngayo yonke loo nto ichazayo, kunye nokugxila elubala kunye nokulula. Kule meko, isebenzisa inkqubo engaqhelekanga ebizwa ngokuba zii-6s endaweni yenkqubo.
  • I-KISS iLinux: igama layo sele linika umbono wokuba iyintoni, Oko kukuthi, ilandela umgaqo KISS. Yiprojekthi ezimeleyo, eyenziweyo evela kumthombo, ngeBusyBox kunye nenkqubo yayo yokuqalisa.
  • IIMPAWU-I ayinakuqwalaselwa njengenye yeedros eziqhelekileyo, kodwa isimahla kwinkqubo. Isekwe kwi-Gentoo kwaye isebenzisa iindlela ezimbini ezinokubambela inkqubo: i-openRC okanye i-s6.

Ukuba awunabuchule kakhulu kwilizwe leLinux okanye awufuni ngxaki, ndiyacebisa ukuba ukhetha ukuhlala noDevuan… Ukuba ungumsebenzisi ophambili okanye ufuna ukuzama ezinye iindlela, uvumelekile ukuba ukhethe enye yezinye.


Shiya uluvo lwakho

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  1.   USenpai sitsho
    yenzayo 4 iminyaka

    Mholweni;
    Ndicinga ukuba kufanele ukuba yongezwe kwi-MXLinux kuba ngokungagqibekanga ayisebenzi nge-systemd, nangona iza kufakelwa xa umntu efuna ukuqala ngayo, kodwa kufuneka yenziwe kukhetho oluphambili lweGrub kwaye uyitshintshe ngesandla ngumsebenzisi.
    Un saludo

    Phendula u-Senpai
  2.   enye yazo sitsho
    yenzayo 4 iminyaka

    Mna ngokobuqu ndisebenzisa iArtix ngeOpenRC, ndinesihlangu esiphindwe kathathu ngeArch (andikayikhuphi kwaye iyandinceda ukuthelekisa) kunye Windows 10 kwimidlalo.

    Ndisebenzisa i-OpenRC kuba ibonakala ivuthiwe, kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye kubonakala ngathi ndinekamva elingakumbi kuba ibonisa ukuba enye i-BSD iza kuyisebenzisa.

    Into emnandi ngokuba neArtix kunye neArch kwilaptop efanayo kukuba unokuthelekisa ukusebenza, amaxesha ebhutsi, njl. Into endinokuyithetha kukuba iArtix inika iArch ukukhaba okukhulu kuyo yonke into ngaphandle kokucinywa kwekhompyuter okukhawulezayo kwiArch. idesika. Ndinokufanayo kuzo zombini kodwa ukuba ndiyaqaphela ukuba ngohlaziyo ngalunye lwenkqubo yeArch iya isiba mandundu, ngakumbi amaxesha eebhutsi adubule ukusuka kunyaka ukuza kule nxalenye. Kuyinyani ukuba ii-Intel patches (iMeltdown, iSpecter, njl. Njl) ziya kuba nefuthe kwiArtix kwaye umahluko phakathi komnye nomnye mkhulu kakhulu.

    Phendula kwi-onedetantos
    1.    G3O4 sitsho
      yenzayo 4 iminyaka

      Uphononongo oluhle kakhulu kwaye siyabulela kolu thelekiso.
      … Ngaphandle koko, yongeza "Knoppix" kuluhlu lonikezelo ngaphandle kwenkqubo. I-distro epheleleyo kakhulu ukuba ikhona.

      Phendula G3O4
    2.    G3O4 sitsho
      yenzayo 4 iminyaka

      @ unodetantos ndiyabulela ...

      Phendula G3O4
  3.   nemecis1000 sitsho
    yenzayo 4 iminyaka

    Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwenye nenye kwaye yeyiphi eyona ilungileyo kwaye yeyiphi imiba ebhetele kuyo.

    Phendula kwi-nemecis1000
    1.    enye yazo sitsho
      yenzayo 4 iminyaka

      Ziyafana ngokufanayo kuyo yonke into ngaphandle kwe-init. Baneephakeji ezifanayo, enyanisweni i-Arch's repos (ngaphandle kwengundoqo) ikwiArtix kodwa ngokoluvo lwam zifana nolondolozo lwee-repos zazo. Ndiyaqonda ukuba bayacwangcisa kwixesha eliphakathi (ukuba ixesha kunye nezixhobo ziyakuvumela) ukuba babe nolawulo olupheleleyo lwee-repos kwaye ngenxa yoko bangabinayo iArch kulungelelwaniso. Ndicinga ukuba oku kunokwenzeka ukuba batyibilika kuxhomekeko kwinkqubo (olu luvo lomntu) kuba basuse ngokupheleleyo nayiphi na inkqubo eseleyo, awuyi kufumana shim okanye libsystemd-dummy okanye enye into efanayo.

      Ngokubhekisele kukhuseleko, kuba ngokufanayo neArch, kuxhomekeke kwindlela oyikhusela ngayo, uyakuba nayo, nangona ungabinayo inkqubo, kuqinisekile ukuba abagcini bee-inits ezahlukeneyo bawuthatha ngokungqongqo umba wokhuseleko kunabantu be-systemd kwaye ke ndiyithatha njengeyona Ukuhlala wedwa ngenxa yoku kukhuselekile.

      Ngendlela, unokufaka iipakeji ze-AUR ngaphandle kweengxaki, ndifake iingxaki ezimbalwa nezero.

      Phendula kwi-onedetantos
  4.   Bruno sitsho
    yenzayo 4 iminyaka

    Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ukuba inkqubo ye-init yi-S6, hayi i-6S. Kwimeko yeArtix, inika iinguqulelo ezintathu ezinee-inits ezahlukeneyo: openrc, S3 kunye runit.

    Phendula uBruno