Uyenza njani ivolumu esisiseko ye-LVM kulo naluphi na usasazo lweLinux?

LVM (ekwabizwa ngokuba yiLogical Volume Management), ngumphathi wevolumu enengqiqo evumela abasebenzisi beLinux ukuba bandise, banciphise kwaye bahlengahlengise izahlulelo kwiidrive ezinzima ngexesha lokwenyani, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwehlisa inkqubo yefayile.

Ngendlela eyenziwe lula sinokuthi i-LVM ngumaleko wokukhupha phakathi kwesixhobo sokugcina kunye nenkqubo yefayile.

Kule tutorial siza kubona indlela yokwenza ubumbeko olusisiseko lwe-LVM kwiLinux.

Ukuze ukwazi ukwenza ivolumu ye-LVM kuthetha ukucima idatha, ngaphambi kokuba uqale, kufuneka wenze ukhuphelo lwenkqubo okanye ngokukhethekileyo unokwenza lo msebenzi kumatshini obonakalayo ukuze ungalalanisi idatha yakho.

Esi ayisosilumkiso silula, njengoko lonke ulwazi olukwi-hard drive luya kususwa ngokupheleleyo, yiyo loo nto kufuneka wenze le nkqubo kwi-LIVE system okanye kwenye i-hard drive.

Faka i-LVM2

Ngoku idatha yakho ikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo kwaye uyazi ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ulahlekelwe yidatha (ngenxa yoko isidingo sogcino lwedatha).

Singaqhubeka nokufaka i-LVM kwinkqubo yethu, kuba oku siza kuvula i-terminal kwaye kuyo siza kwenza lo myalelo ulandelayo ngokokuhambisa esikusebenzisayo.

Kwi-Debian, Ubuntu nakwiziphumo:

sudo apt-get install lvm2*

KwiArch Linux, Manjaro, Antergos kunye neziphumo:

sudo pacman -S lvm2

YeFedora kunye neziphumo zayo

sudo dnf install lvm2*

Kwi-OpenSUSE

sudo zypper instalar lvm2

Ukulungiselela amajelo eendaba

Ngoku sine-lvm kwinkqubo yethu, masiqhubeke ukufikelela kwiingcambu nge:

sudo -s

Nje ukuba kwenziwe oku, kuya kufuneka senze ivolumu esiya kuyisebenzisa kunye ne-LVM kwinkqubo yethu, ukuze sisebenzise esi sixhobo se-cfdisk:

cfdisk /dev/sdX

Apha siza kususa zonke izahlulo kwidiski (yiyo loo nto i-bakcup yalumkiswa).

Xa zonke izahlulelo zanyamalala, ngoku siza kukhetha ukhetho "olutsha" ukwenza isahlulelo esitsha kwidiski, sebenzisa yonke le diski.

Ngoku siza kukhetha "iiprayimari" kwaye emva koko hit hit. Emva koko khetha ukhetho «Chwetheza» kwaye apha kuya kufuneka ukhethe kwaye ukhethe ukhetho "I-Linux LVM"

Xa begqibezela le nkqubo, kufuneka bacofe u "bhala" kwaye ekugqibeleni bacofe ekuphumeni. Ngaphambi kokuba senze imiqulu yeLVM efanelekileyo kwaye siyifomathile, kufuneka senze ivolumu ye-LVM ebonakalayo.

Ukudala ivolumu ye-LVM kwiLinux kwenziwa ngesixhobo se-pvcreate. Kwisiphelo, siza kwenza umthetho we-pvcreate kunye nesahlulelo esisenzileyo kutshanje, kufuneka ijongeke ngolu hlobo:

pvcreate /dev/sda1

Ngoku sinokuqinisekisa ukwenziwa kwevolumu ye-LVM ngomyalelo:

lsblk

Yenza iQela leVolumu ye-LVM

Ngoku ukuba sinolungelelwaniso lwevolumu ye-LVM, inyathelo elilandelayo kukwenza iqela levolumu ye-LVM.

Ukuze ukwazi ukwenza entsha, vele usebenzise i-vgcreate command kunye nendlela yokwahlulahlula, kule meko siza kuyibiza ngegama "ivolumu-lvm" kodwa ungayifaka lo myalelo:

vgcreate -s 16M volumen-lvm /dev/sda1

Qwalasela imiqulu esengqiqweni ye-LVM

Imiqulu enengqiqo kulapho yonke idatha igcinwa khona kwi-LVM. Ukwenza ivolumu entsha enengqiqo kwi-LVM, sisebenzisa lo mthetho ulandelayo, umzekelo, ukwenza ivolumu efanelekileyo ye-80 GB, iya kuba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

lvcreate -L 80G -n lvm1 volumen-lvm

Is syntax esisiseko sokwenza imiqulu esengqiqweni yile:

lvcreate -L espacioengigasG -n logicvolumename logicvolumegroup

Okokugqibela kufuneka siqhubeke nokunika ifomathi kumthamo osengqiqweni owenziweyo, ngenxa yoku kufuneka sizibeke kule ndlela ilandelayo:

cd /dev/mapper

Kwaye apha sinokwenza i-ls, ukujonga ukuba umthamo wethu ulapha:

ls

Nje ukuba kuqinisekiswe, siyaqhubeka nokufomatha ivolumu nge:

mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/volumen-lvm-lvm1

Nje ukuba kwenziwe oku, singaphuma kwiingcambu ngokuchwetheza ukuphuma, kwaye ngoku siza kuqhubeka nokunyusa ivolumu ngale miyalelo ilandelayo:

mkdir /mnt/vfs/
sudo mount /dev/mapper/volumen-lvm-lvm1 /mnt/vfs/
cd /mnt/vfs/