Dlulisa iifayile usebenzisa i-SFTP kunye neekheji kwi-Debian nakwi-Ubuntu

!Molweni bahlobo! Namhlanje ndikuzisela enye indlela yokusebenzisa iSeva yeFTP yokudluliselwa kwefayile ekhuselekileyo. Sele ungumlingane I-KZKG ^ iGaara ipapashe enye ngokusekelwe kwiphakheji ikhonkrithi. Eyona siza kuyiphuhlisa isekwe kwiipakethe esinazo zikufutshane kwindawo yethu yokugcina.
Siza kubona:

• Isingeniso esiyimfuneko
• Siyiqwalasela njani i-Opensh-server?
• Sibenza njani abasebenzisi?
• Siluguqula njani ulawulo lwasekhaya ukwenza ikheji isebenze?

Isingeniso esiyimfuneko
Sisoloko sifuna iifayile ezikotshwe kwiikhompyuter ezikude ukuya kumatshini wethu. Abaninzi baye bandibuza ngayo. Ndiyifakela iFTP?Ndiyifakela njani iSAMBA? Kulungile, masihambe ukusuka kokulula ukuya kwi-complex. Ukuqala, kutheni izinto zinzima ukuba sinazo I-OpenSSH-Server ifakiwe? Kwaye ukuba asinayo, ngomyalelo olula:

ukufaneleka kokufaka openssh-server

Sele sinayo!, Emva koko siya kukwazi ukuhambisa iifayile ngokukhuselekileyo nge-SFTP (iProtocol yeFayile eKhuselekileyo yokuTshintshela), esebenzisa i-SSH (iShell eKhuselekileyo) kwi-encryption.

Ngokungagqibekanga, abasebenzisi abanemvume yokuqalisa iseshini ekude nge ssh umsebenzisi@myteam, baya kukwazi ukubona phantse zonke iifayile ezigcinwe kwindlela yethu, ezinokuthi zingabikho ekuthandeni kwethu, okanye ekungafanele sizivumele ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko.

Eli nqaku liza kusinceda siqwalasele i I-OpenSSH-Server ukuze abasebenzisi esibafunayo bathintelwe kulawulo lwabo lobuqu / ikhaya / umsebenzisi. Sicacisa ukuba, Ngale ndlela abasebenzisi ababhengeziweyo abayi kukwazi ukuqalisa iseshoni ekude nge-ssh console okanye ngePuTTy. Uya kukwazi ukudlulisa iifayile ukuya okanye ukusuka kulawulo lwakho lobuqu kwikhompyuter yethu okanye kwiseva..

Indlela echazwe apha iyasebenza kwiinguqulelo zeDebian 5 (Lenny) okanye ngaphezulu, kunye neenguqulelo ze-Ubuntu 9.04 okanye ngaphezulu. Inguqulelo yephakheji ye-SSH ye-Hardy okanye Ubuntu 8.04 isemva kakhulu kwaye ayixhasi uqwalaselo esiya kuluchaza ngezantsi.

Siyiqwalasela njani i-Opensh-server?
Njengomsebenzisi Ingcambu sihlela ifayile / njll / ssh / sshd_config nangawuphi na umhleli wokubhaliweyo olula. Sincoma ukusetyenziswa kwe nano kwimodi ye-console.

nano / njl / ssh / sshd_config

Sijonge umgca olandelayo ukuba ubekho:

Inkqubo esezantsi ye-sftp

Kwi-Lenny kunye ne-Csqueeze kukho:

Inkqubo engaphantsi sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server

Ukuba ayikho, songeza ekupheleni kwefayile:

Inkqubo ephantsi ye-sftp yangaphakathi-sftp

Siyaqhubeka nokuhlelwa kwefayile sshd_config kwaye songeza ekugqibeleni:

Tshatisa iqela le-sftp-iqela le-ChrootDirectory %h X11Ugqithiso akukho VumelaTcpUgqithiso akukho ForceCommand yangaphakathi-sftp

Sigcina utshintsho kwaye siqale inkonzo kwakhona:

/etc/init.d/ssh qala kwakhona

Sibenza njani abasebenzisi?
Okokuqala sidala i "iqela» ukuba sibhengeza kwi sshd_config. Lumka ngegama esilikhethileyo ngaphambili, hleze selikhona kwaye liqela leNkqubo. Ukuba asifuni ukukhawulela abasebenzisi abakhoyo kwinkqubo yethu, kufuneka senze abasebenzisi abatsha ukuze bakwazi ukudlulisa iifayile. Ukuze ikheji isebenze, kufuneka sibenze amalungu eqela ekuthethwa ngalo.

addgroup sftp-iqela adduser user1 adduser user2 [----] usermod -G sftp-iqela umsebenzisi1 usermod -G sftp-iqela user2

Ukujonga ukudalwa kweqela kunye nabasebenzisi, sinokwenza:

ngaphantsi /etc/password ngaphantsi /etc/group ls -l/home

Kwaye abasebenzisi kufuneka babonakale yomsebenzisi1 y yomsebenzisi2, kunye namaqela sftp-iqela kunye nezo zihambelana nabasebenzisi abadaliweyo. Kwakhona, xa udwelisa uvimba weefayili / ikhaya, abalawuli bobuqu bomsebenzisi ngamnye oyiliweyo baya kuvela.

Siluguqula njani ulawulo lwasekhaya ukuze ikheji isebenze ngokufanelekileyo?
Kufuneka sandise ukhuseleko lweefolda zobuqu zomsebenzisi ngamnye owenziweyo ukuze bangakwazi ukwenza iifolda ezongezelelweyo phantsi kolawulo lwabo lobuqu, kunye neemvume zokubhala apho sifuna khona (hayi apho bafuna khona) :)

ingcambu ekhethiweyo: ingcambu / ikhaya / umsebenzisi1 / ikhaya / umsebenzisi2 chmod 755 / ikhaya / umsebenzisi1 / ikhaya / umsebenzisi2 cd / ikhaya / umsebenzisi1 mkdir amaxwebhu html_ user chown user1: user1 * cd / home/user2 mkdir amaxwebhu html_ public chown user2: user2 *

Abasebenzisi beqela sftp-iqela, ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili uya kukwazi ukungena ngamagama akho kunye namagama agqithisiweyo nge SFTP kuphela, kwaye uya kuba nako ukudlulisa iifayile ukuya kwaye ukusuka kubalawuli ababekwe ngezantsi kwencwadi eneenkcukacha zakho kwaye ezenziwe sithi, kodwa awuyi kuba nako. ukubona yonke inkqubo yethu yefayile.

Kunikezelo lweefayile kunye neefolda, sinokusebenzisa iNautilus, iKonqueror, WinSCP, FileZilla, kunye nezinye ezixhasa iSFTP protocol. Kumba we Konqueror, kufuneka sisebenzise intlanzi: // umsebenzisi@teamremoto.

Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku liya kuba luncedo kuthi!
Kude kube yi-adventure elandelayo, bahlobo!