I-GIMP: Yenza iMeter yePulse ukusuka ekuqaleni

Molweni kwabo bazipha ixesha lokusifunda, izolo sithethile esweni i-bandwidth kwaye senza (njengesiqhelo) umfanekiso obonakalayo onomxholo owenziwe sithi. Ngenxa yomfanekiso, umntu othile uye wasondela kuthi nge-imeyile kwaye wasicela ukuba sibabonise indlela yokwenza into enokuba yimitha ye-pulse.Sicinge ukuba ngumbono omhle ngoko namhlanje siza kubonisa indlela yokuyila usebenzisa isofthiwe yamahhala kwaye ngakumbi ngakumbi: I-GIMP.

Umbono wokwenza imitha ye-pulse endaweni yoko weza kuthi ukuzama ukubonakalisa ukuba siza kulinganisa into ethile ngokwedijithali, ke ngokusisiseko sakhetha imilo kwaye "sadala" imitha ebesicingelwa ukuba ivela kuyo. Sikushiya amanyathelo ukuze ufezekise into efana nale ngezantsi.

Ukwenza imilo esisiseko nge-GIMP

Inyathelo lokuqala emva kokuvula i Inkqubo ye-GNU yokuLawula umfanekiso (GIMP) kukwenza umfanekiso omtsha.

Ngoko masiye kwimenyu Oovimba » Nuevo okanye ukuba, njengathi, uthanda imidibaniso engundoqo, sebenzisa nje CTRL + N. Sikhetha ubukhulu obufunayo kodwa ukukubonisa siza kusebenzisa i-640×400 pixels engenkulu okanye encinci.

Sikhetha umbala esiwufunayo ngokunqakraza kwibhokisi yombala kwaye sikhethe enye esiyithandayo kwaye emva koko sitsala umbala ukusuka kwibhokisi ukuya kwifestile yomfanekiso. Emva kokuba oku kwenziwe, siqhubela phambili ukudala umaleko omtsha kunye nokungafihli (ukusebenza kunye neengqimba kuyacetyiswa ukuba kukhawuleziswe inkqubo yokulungiswa okunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wonke). Ukwenza umaleko omtsha, cofa kwindlwane yomaleko apho inophawu lokongeza okanye ucinezele SHIFT + CTRL + N ukuze sifumane into enje:

Ngoku sinomaleko omtsha ocacileyo kwaye sisebenza kuwo senza ubume obusisiseko esiza kusetyenziswa ukudibanisa imitha. Eyona nto ikufutshane kweso sixhobo siyaziyo sisixhobo se-elektroniki esinesikrini esisetyhula ukuze sithathe isixhobo sokukhetha i-elliptical (E) kwaye senza isangqa kwi-transparent layer esiyigcwalise ngawo nawuphi na umbala ukuze ube nesiseko esisisiseko sokusebenza.

Ukudala umzimba weqela

Senza umaleko omtsha kwakhona kodwa ngeli xesha akufuneki senze isangqa kodwa endaweni yoko siya kusebenzisa ubume obusisiseko kwaye ukusuka koku siya kudala into eya kuba ngumzimba okanye umda weqela. Ukwenza oku, sicofa ekunene kuluhlu olunemilo esisiseko kwaye sijonge inketho ethi "Alpha ukuya kuKhetho" kwimenyu ephumayo.

Emva kokuba sikhethe ubume obusisiseko sibuyela kuluhlu olutsha ebesilwenzile kodwa ngaphambi kokulugcwalisa ngombala siya kwimenyu. Khetha kwaye sisebenzisa ukhetho Qhiphuka o Nciphisa ngexabiso le-pixel enye. Sikhetha umbala esiwufunayo kuluhlu olutsha kwaye siwugcwalise.

Ukuza kuthi ga kweli nqanaba sinemilo esisiseko enombala omnyama kunye nolunye umaleko onomzimba weqela komnye umbala (ngokukhethekileyo umbala ochaseneyo nongasemva). Sibekwe kuluhlu lwemilo esisiseko kwaye siya kuyo lokucoca ulwelo » Fiphaza » Ukukhanya kweGaussia ngexabiso le-pixel ezi-5 kwaye sele sinesiphumo sesithunzi, isiphumo kufuneka sibe ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi koku:

Ukudala ingaphakathi leqela

Lithuba lokudala ingaphakathi lezixhobo, eyona nto inzima kakhulu kuba siya kusebenzisa iimaski zomaleko, iipateni zokuzalisa kunye neqhinga elincinci lokubona ukunika umbono wevolumu kunye nokulinganisa isiciko se-acrylic yakudala.

Ukudala ingaphakathi sakha uluhlu olutsha kwaye sibuyele kunye nokusebenza okufanayo. I-Alpha kukhetho kuphela ngoku sisebenzisa umaleko womda weqela. Sibuyela kuluhlu olutsha kunye nakwimenyu Khetha » Nciphisa Sisebenzisa ubungakanani obumalunga neepixels ezi-5 kwaye emva koko sijonge umbala esiya kuwusebenzisa ngasemva kwesikrini sekhompyuter.

Sigcwalisa ngombala kwaye siqhubeke nokudala ukuba kuya kuba yintoni isikali sesixhobo, esithi "kwi-GIMP ulwimi" aluhambi ngaphaya kwegridi. Senza umaleko omtsha kwaye siya Iifilitha » Ukunikezela » Umphathiswa » Rack Sikhetha umbala (ngokukhethekileyo oluhlaza) ochasene nemvelaphi yekhompyutheni kwaye sisebenzisa umphumo.

Ukuzaliswa kwenziwa njengegridi kodwa igubungela umaleko wonke ngoko kufuneka siyinqumle ukuze ibe ngaphakathi kuphela kwesikrini sekhompyuter.

Ukusika igridi sibuyela kwi I-Alpha kukhetho usebenzisa njengesiseko umaleko ongasemva weqela (leyo siyibeka eluhlaza) kwaye emva koko siya Khetha » Guqula ukhetho okanye ukuba siyacinezela CTRL + I yakube yenziwe lento sicofa isitshixo SUSA kwaye voila… igridi ilungelelanisa kwiscreen esicingelwayo.

Ukuphucula ukulungiswa sitshintsha imo yomaleko wegridi ukusuka eqhelekileyo a Ixabiso kwaye sinciphisa i-opacity kwi-40% ukususa "amandla" amancinci.

Isikrini seqela lethu

Kwizixhobo zethu ezicingelwayo siya kulinganisa ii-pulses ezilinganisa iifilimu apho zibonisa ukunyakaza kwezigulane usebenzisa umgca, ngoko siqhubeka nokudala umgca wethu wokulinganisa kunye nomphumo ohambelanayo. Ukudala umgca siya kusebenzisa isixhobo Imizila kwaye ke siya kudala umgca ukusuka kwindlela esiyenzileyo.

Okokuqala sikhetha umbala esiwufunayo kwiNdlela. Sikhetha isixhobo Indlela kwaye sizoba imilo esifuna ukuyinika yona.

Kanye imilo sifuna ukunika i Indlela emva koko sisebenzisa iinketho zesixhobo ukwenza umgca kwindlela yonke esiyichazile

Into esizakushiyeka nayo ingaphezulu okanye ingaphantsi ngolu hlobo:

Nje ukuba ilandelelwe indlela, siphindaphinda umaleko womgca (esinokuthi sisebenzise umbala ogqamileyo kwiscreen sethu) kwaye senza lokucoca ulwelo » Fiphaza » Ukukhanya kweGaussia kwaye siqhubela phambili ekusebenzeni kumgca womgca ongentla.

Ukunika isiphumo se-opaque kwiPulse sidala imaski yomaleko (cofa ekunene kumaleko » Yongeza imaski yomaleko) kwaye ukhethe amaxabiso ombala angagqibekanga (D). Oku kuya kubeka ibhokisi emhlophe ecaleni umaleko wethu.

Kamva sitshintsha umbala ongaphambili (oMhlophe) kunye noMngasemva (oMnyama), cofa ekunene kuluhlu olutsha kwaye ukhethe Bonisa imaski yomaleko. Oku kuya kusishiya singenanto sonke kodwa ungakhathazeki. Sikhetha i Isixhobo seGradient (kufuneka sikhangele ukhetho I-Bilinear Gradient) kwaye sidweba umgca kwaye siwusebenzise ukusuka kumbindi woluhlu ngokuthe tye ukuya ngaphandle kwendawo.

Sisusa uqwalaselo ukhetho Bonisa iMaski yoMaleko. Ukuba sijonga kwincoko yababini yeemaleko siza kubona into enje:

Xa sisenza loo nto sibona ukuba umgca wethu ophezulu uvela kwakhona kwaye umphumo ukhangeleka kakuhle.

Qaphela ukuba ngoku imiphetho yomgca inohlobo lokuthamba, ngokungathi luyaphela. Oku kunjalo kunokuba ngcono kakhulu.

Ikhava ye-acrylic yezixhobo

Njengoko besitshilo ekuqaleni, siya kudala inkohliso yokuba inomaleko we-acrylic ocacileyo, onika umbono wevolumu kwisixhobo, ngoko siya kufuna umaleko weglosi ukulinganisa i-acrylic kunye nesithunzi sayo sangaphakathi.

Ukufezekisa isithunzi sangaphakathi senza uluhlu olutsha kwaye senze inyathelo I-Alpha kukhetho sisebenzisa umaleko weskrini sangasemva emva koko sibuyela kuluhlu olutsha kwaye sicuthe (Khetha » Shwaba) ngexabiso le-pixel enye.

Emva kokuba ukhetho lunciphile, siyigcwalisa ngomnyama. Kamva, kwinqanaba elimnyama elifanayo, senza inyathelo I-Alpha kukhetho kwaye sibuyela kuKhetha » Nciphisa ngeli xesha ngexabiso le-pixels ezi-2. Uya kubona ukuba sinesangqa esimnyama ekhohlo, sisebenzisa a lokucoca ulwelo » Fiphaza » Ukukhanya kweGaussia ngexabiso 5 esifumana ngalo into enje:

Lithuba lokudala isigqubuthelo se-acrylic apho senze khona umaleko omtsha kwaye senze inyathelo elifanayo. Alpha ukuya kuKhetho usebenzisa umaleko wokungasemva kwesikrini njengesiseko.

Sikhetha isixhobo Utyhafile ukubeka umbala omhlophe phezu komnyama, kwaye kwiinketho sikhetha imilo Lombhalo kunye nethambeka ukusuka Phambi kweTransparency, Emva koko siyisebenzisa ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi sizama ukuba nemilo ethe nkqo kangangoko sinakho:

Ukunika inkangeleko engcono, siza kunciphisa ubungakanani bomaleko omenyezelayo ukuze siwenze ube mncinci kwaye ubonakale ngathi yi-acrylic sphere, equkumbela isifundo sethu ngesiphumo esipheleleyo:

Yiyo leyo kwisifundo sethu esithobekileyo, siyathemba ukuba uya kuvuya kwaye uzame ukuyenza.