Ingozi: Umthetho woMculo endleleni

«Ngemvumelwano eqinileyo, Umthetho woMculo kwi-Senate«, Iingxelo zesiza Iindaba I-Argentina National Congress. Kulindeleke ukuba nge-28 kaSeptemba iSenethi ipasise omnye umthetho oza komeleza Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokusemthethweni kwabasebenzisi be-intanethi. Umthetho oyilwayo unje Iqhutywa lilungu leNdlu yeeNgwevu U-Eric Calcagno, Kwibhentshi lephambi kwempumelelo, phakathi kwezinye iisenethi.

Imali karhulumente, inzuzo yabucala.

Amaxesha asixhenxe igama elithi "isabhsidi" liyavela kwitekisi Uyilo loMthetho weZiko leSizwe loMculo (INAMU), igama "ukuqwalasela", inye kuphela. Ngokwenyani, lo gama iprojekthi ilawula kwaye ibona kwangaphambili indlela iivawutsha, iikhredithi kunye neenkxaso ezivela ikakhulu iimali zikarhulumente, akukho nto icinga ngeendlela zokuqwalaselwa kwezibonelelo ezifunyenweyo. Ngokuchasene noko, lIzibonelelo zikarhulumente zihlala ziguqulwa zibe zizinto zabucala (njengakwimveliso yefonogram), ekhuselweyo yikhowudi yokohlwaya, nakwiziko ngokwalo; ukuba kukho ukuthandabuza:

"Imisebenzi ye-INAMU iya kuba: […] v) Ukwenza imigaqo-nkqubo ejolise ekupheliseni ukuveliswa ngokungekho semthethweni kweefowuni kunye / okanye iividiyo kunye nokufihla okanye unxibelelwano lwedijithali olungagunyaziswanga."

Oko kukuthi, Wena, mna, kwaye ngakumbi iimvumi Abangabathengi bomculo abakhohlakeleyo, siza kuba nomdlali weqonga omtsha, "i-INAMU", eya kuthi ijoyine iqela leenkampani ezinje ngeCAPIF, SADAIC, Argentores okanye iSoftware Legal, ezinikezela ngezixhobo zazo ekuhlukumezeni umthetho ngokwasentlalweni. kudala: share.

Kwaye okokugqibela kodwa kungaphelelanga apho, ekwabelaneni ngeefowuni kunye / okanye iividiyoograms eziveliswe kwizibonelelo zoluntu! Iindleko zenkxaso-mali zinoluntu, ngelixa imveliso yayo yabucala: amalungelo kumculo ovelisiweyo akhethekileyo kumvelisi, umenzi weqonga okanye umbhali, ngaphandle kokuzinikela kuluntu.

Akufuneki, ngokuchaseneyo, ifune isiqinisekiso esikhulu ngakumbi sokufikelela kwimpahla uluntu oluncedayo ukuxhasa ngemali? Umthetho ofanayo ucacile xa kufikwa kusasazo lomculo odlalayo kwaye uwenze ufikelele kumacandelo ngobuncinci bokufikelela:

"Indawo yokukhuthaza inkcubeko nentlalontle iya kuba njengezenzo zayo ezinxulumene ngqo nokukhuthaza iminyhadala yenkcubeko neyentlalo enxulunyaniswe nomnyhadala womculo, ivumela ukufikelela kumculo kumacandelo anengeniso ephantsi angenakho ukuthatha inxaxheba. "

Kutheni le nto intsimi engabonakaliyo yahlukile? Kule ndawo, kubonakala ngathi umbono wentlalontle uyavukela, kwaye njengakwiminyaka engamashumi alithoba ubudala, ipropathi yabucala ingcwele. Iimvumi kufuneka zifundiswe kakuhle, iprojekthi ikwathi:

"Khuthaza phakathi kweemvumi ulwazi lobubanzi bepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, amaziko amalungelo okulawulwa ngokudibeneyo, amalungelo abo njengabasebenzi, kunye nala maziko akhusela umdla wabo kunye namalungelo abo."

Ungathini ukuba "indawo yonyuselo lwenkcubeko nentlalontle" ikwasekwa kolunye uhlobo lwelayisensi engenye, eya kuthi incede ukuphuculwa komculo ovelisiweyo, kunye nokufikelela koluntu kwezi zixhobo? Ngaba bayifumene into ebisenzeka kwi kude eBrazilNgaba bafumene malunga neFora do Eixo?

Iimvumi zaphula umthetho ziimvumi

Into exakayo yeyokuba ziimvumi ezingajongelwa ntweni kwisekethe yezorhwebo, ezixhamla kakhulu kwezobuchwephesha, kwaye zichaphazeleka kakhulu kukuhlukunyezwa ngokwasemthethweni: nokuba ziinethiwekhi zeP2P, isoftware yokupapasha umculo, okanye amaqonga ewebhu okufaka nokukhuphela umculo nevidiyo ...Yintoni iimvumi ezingakhuphelanga umculo omninzi kwi-Intanethi, okanye bathenga iikopi ezizenzelayo zeerekhodi? Zingaphi izitudiyo zokurekhoda ezizimeleyo ezinemvume efanelekileyo yesoftware abayisebenzisayo? Zingaphi Izixhobo zePro-Pro "Ezomthetho" zondla umculo phantsi? Ngaba i-INAMU iya kujoyina iSoftware kwezomthetho kuxinzelelo lolwaphulo-mthetho?

"Kukho indawo yam ebonayo ukuba ukutshintshiselana ngomculo ngokungekho mthethweni yi-P2P luluhlobo oluphucukileyo lwento esiyenzileyo kwiminyaka ye-80s sinamakhasethi asekhaya" utshilo. U-Ed O'brien ngeRadiohead. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, kuba ubuchwephesha bokuqala obenza ukuba ukufikelela kumculo kwiikopi zakho buvele, njengeekhasethi, iimvumi ezifanayo zazingabokuqala ukuzisebenzisa, ngakumbi ekuqaleni kwemisebenzi yabo.

"Enye imvumi kwaye, ukongeza kwimveliso, ikopa umculo" Kuthethwe kutshanje ePágina / 12 ULolo Fuentes, isiginci sikaMiranda!. Ngendlela efanayo nababhali zezona ndwendwe zihamba rhoqo kwiilayibrari, apho iincwadi, nokuba banamalungelo obunini obuninzi, ingafundwa ngaphandle kokuhlawula ipeso, iimvumi ekujongwe ukuba zixhamle lo mthetho, zezokuqala ukusebenzisa ithuba lokuvelisa kwakhona ngokungekho mthethweni iiphonogram kunye / okanye iividiyo, "ngokufihlakeleyo okanye unxibelelwano lwedijithali olungagunyaziswanga" - kwaye masongeze, iikopi ezingekho mthethweni zesoftware- ukufikelela kumculo kufuneka bamamele kwaye nezixhobo zedijithali abazifunayo: ezi zixhobo zibandakanya ukwenziwa kwempahla kumathala eencwadi omculo afikelela kuwo.

I-canon enesikhumba semvana

Ukwahluka okungangqalanga phakathi kweemvumi ezizimeleyo, kunye namagosa, ngaphezulu komcimbi wento, yinto encinci kwithoni yentetho: ukuba sityelele, umzekelo, Indawo ye-UMI Asizukufumana nto malunga neendlela ezizezinye zokunikwa ilayisensi kunye nokuhanjiswa ezifanelekileyo ngakumbi kwinyani yokuba imvumi kufuneka iphile kwimeko yangoku. Ngokuchasene noko, umahluko phakathi komnye nomnye, njengoko kucacisiwe kule nkomfa, kukuba abanye bafuna ukunyanzelisa imithetho yabo ngokunyanzela, kwaye abanye bayavuma okungaphezulu.

Uyilo lokuqala lwale projekthi inye ye-Institute of Music, phaya ngo-2007, yayiyeyona ivelisileyo umzamo wokuqala kwi-canon yedijithali, ebeka wonke umntu ukuba alumke

"Yenza iNgxowa-mali yokuKhuthaza iNkcubeko [...] Iyakwenziwa ziimali eziqokelelweyo ngokuphunyezwa kwe-canon yazo zonke izinto ezivumela ukugcinwa, ukurekhodwa kunye / okanye ukuveliswa kwakhona komculo kunye nemifanekiso."

Ngoku ngo-2011 umnyango ubungavalwanga ngokupheleleyo, phakathi kweendlela zenkxaso-mali ze-INAMU kulindeleke kwangaphambili:

"INgxowa-mali yezeMali iyakwenziwa, eza kulawulwa yi-INAMU kwaye iyakwenziwa ngezi zixhobo zilandelayo: […] l) Iirhafu ezithile ezinokuthi zenzelwe lo mthetho zingadalwa kwixa elizayo."

Ngaba unokuqikelela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwerhafu indawo ekungenwa kuyo ye-INAMU elandelayo iya kuba kukuqinisekisa ngezimali zayo?

Iindaba zifundeka ngoluhlobo: "Kule ntlanganiso yanamhlanje, uFilusus uthe" inkxaso-mali eza kuba nayo i-Institute of Music kuyakufuneka ihlalutywe ngononophelo kwaye kuphawulwe ukuba "kufuneka kwenziwe iinzame zokufumana iindlela ezintsha zenkxaso-mali." UFimus wayengomnye wabaxhasi be-canon yedijithali ngo-2009, zeziphi iindlela zokuxhasa ngemali ocinga ngazo?

Ayifanele ilibale ukuba uninzi lwamanyathelo abonelela ngesakhelo sokwaphula umthetho kwabasebenzisi, iimvumi, abafundi okanye oosomathala, bathubelezela kwimithetho ebonakala ikhomba kwelinye icala: elinye iziko, lelo lencwadi, ngumzekelo ocacileyo , kunye ne "Law for the Promotion of Books and Reading", eyinjongo yayo yayikukongeza abapapashi njengabamangali ukuze baqalise amatyala ... ikakhulu abafundi ababekhuthaza ukufunda ngeefotokopi okanye ukutshintshiselana ngeencwadi kwi-intanethi. Kananjalo "Umthetho woQoqosho oluZinzileyo", owathi kamva waziwa njengoMthetho weSinde, yayiyiprojekthi egcwele amanyathelo aqhubela phambili, apho yanyonyobelwa njengesixhobo, icandelo elaseka ibhunga lolawulo lokuvala iiwebhusayithi ngaphandle kolawulo olucacileyo lwezomthetho. Njengoko kunokubonwa, kufuneka ulumke, uqala ngokuthetha ngeziphelo ezintle, kwaye ugqibela ngokutshutshisa ngolwaphulo-mthetho uprofesa waseyunivesithi ngokwenza iilayibrari zedijithali. Ndiyathemba ukuba lo mthetho uyilwayo, uyawususa umthwalo ngexesha.

Umthombo: Ilungelo lokuFunda