componefs yindlela entsha yefayile ecetywayo ye Linux
Kutshanje iindaba ziye zaqhekeka UAlexander Larsson, umdali weFlatpak kwi-Red Hat, unayo ipapashe imbonakalo yangaphambili yeepetshi eziphunyezwayo inkqubo yefayile ComposeFS ye Linux kernel.
Inkqubo yefayile ecetywayo ifana nomngqusho kwaye ilungele ukunyuswa kwemifanekiso yokufunda kuphela. Umahluko wehla kubuchule beComposeFS bokwabelana ngokufanelekileyo imixholo yemifanekiso yedisk enyusiweyo emininzi kunye nenkxaso yoqinisekiso lwedatha efundekayo.
Imimandla yesicelo apho iComposeFS inokuba yimfuneko iquka ukunyuswa kwemifanekiso yesikhongozeli kunye nokusebenzisa i-Git-efana ne-OSTree yokugcina. Oku kuvumela iifayile zomxholo ukuba kwabelwane ngazo phakathi kwemifanekiso, nokuba imetadata (efana nesitampu sexesha okanye ubunini befayile) iyahluka phakathi kwemifanekiso.
I-ComposeFS isebenzisa imodeli yokugcina idilesi esekelwe kumxholo, oko kukuthi, isichongi esiphambili asilogama lefayile, kodwa yihashi yomxholo wefayile. Lo mzekelo inikeza ukhuko kwaye ivumela ukugcina ikopi enye kuphela yeefayile ezifanayo ezibekwe kwizahlulo ezahlukeneyo ezinyusiweyo.
Embindini wayo, i-composefs yindlela yokwakha nokusebenzisa imifanekiso yokufunda kuphela ezisetyenziswa ngokufanayo kwindlela obuya kuyisebenzisa ngayo, umzekelo, loopback imifanekiso yesquashfs. Ukongeza kule composefs ineziseko ezimbini ezintsha iimpawu. Okokuqala, ivumela ukwabelana ngedatha yefayile (zombini kwidiski kunye nokuqhubeka ikhasi cache) phakathi kwemifanekiso, kwaye okwesibini une-dm-verity njenge ukuqinisekiswa kokufunda.
Ngokomzekelo, imifanekiso yesikhongozeli iqulathe iifayile eziqhelekileyo inkqubo kunye neComposefs, nganye yezi fayile iya kwabelwana ngayo yonke imifanekiso enyusiweyo, ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwamaqhinga anjengokudlulisa ngamakhonkco anzima.
Ngexesha elifanayo, iifayile ezabelwana ngazo azigcinwanga kuphela njengekopi enye kwidiski, kodwa zikwalawulwa ngokungena kwi-cache yekhasi, evumela ukuba zombini idiski kunye ne-RAM zigcinwe.
IiComposefs zikwaxhasa ukuqinisekiswa kwe-fs-verrity yeefayile zomxholo. Ukusebenzisa oku, isishwankathelo seefayile zomxholo zigcinwe emfanekisweni kwaye i-composefs iya kuqinisekisa ukuba ifayile yomxholo oyisebenzisayo inesishwankathelo se-fs-isiqinisekiso esinikwe ukuhambelana. Oku kuthetha ukuba umxholo wogcino awunakuguqulwa nangayiphi na indlela (ngempazamo okanye ngobubi) ngaphandle kokuba oku kuchongiwe xa ifayile isetyenziswa.
Ungasebenzisa kwakhona i-fs-verrity kwifayile yomfanekiso ngokwayo kwaye ugqithise i-fs-verrity digest elindelekileyo njengokhetho lokunyuka, abaqulunqi bayakuqinisekisa. Kule meko, sinethemba elipheleleyo kuzo zombini iinkcukacha kunye nemethadatha yefayile ephakanyisiweyo. Oku kusombulula ubuthathaka obunabo i-fs-verrity xa isetyenziswa yodwa, kuba inokuqinisekisa kuphela idatha yefayile, hayi imetadata.
Ukugcina isithuba sedisk, idata kunye nemetadata zohlulwa zibe yimifanekiso enyusiweyo. Xa inyusiwe, cacisa:
- Isalathisi sokubini esiqulethe yonke idata yenkqubo yefayile, amagama efayile, iimvume, kunye nolunye ulwazi ngaphandle kwemixholo eyiyo yeefayile.
- Uvimba weefayili osisiseko apho imixholo yazo zonke iifayile zemifanekiso ezinyusiweyo zigcinwa khona. Iifayile zigcinwa ngokuhambelana ne-hash yomxholo wazo.
- Isalathisi sokubini senzelwe umfanekiso ngamnye weFS kwaye uvimba weefayili wesiseko uyafana kuyo yonke imifanekiso. Ukuqinisekisa umxholo weefayile zomntu ngamnye kunye nomfanekiso uphela phantsi kweemeko zokugcina ekwabelwana ngazo, indlela yokuqinisekisa i-fs ingasetyenziswa, ethi, xa ufikelela iifayile, iqinisekise ukuba ixabiso le-hash elichazwe kwisalathisi sokubini liyahambelana nomxholo wenyani (ukuba kukuba, ukuba umhlaseli wenza utshintsho kwifayile kulawulo olusisiseko okanye idatha yonakalisiwe ngenxa yokusilela, olo xolelaniso luya kuveza ukungafani).
ekugqibeleni ukuba ukhona unomdla wokwazi ngakumbi ngayoUngajonga iifayile ze iinkcukacha kwikhonkco elilandelayo.