SOFTWARE SIMAHLA, uluntu ... inkcubeko.
Inkululeko ayinakho ukukhetha phakathi kwezinto ezimbalwa ozikhethileyo, kodwa ilawula ubomi bakho. Inkululeko ayikhethi ukuba ngubani oza kuba yinkosi yakho, ayikokuba nayo inkosi "
RMStallman, Isiseko seSoftware saSimahla
Okwangoku ubuntu buhamba ngomzuzu ophambili ngokolwazi, ngenxa yenguquko engazange ibonwe ngaphambili kwicandelo lobuchwepheshe, kunye nenani elingenasiphelo lezixhobo kunye neendlela ezivumela ukuphathwa ngokulula kunye nokuqonda, kodwa oko kuthi kuthintele uhlalutyo kunye nokufunda kwayo. Inokwenzeka njani loo nto?
Kwinkqubo yendalo yokwakha ulwazi, kufuneka ukuba ube nakho ukuhlala kunye nokufunda iziseko zokufunda, oko kukuthi, ukuqonda ukusebenza kwayo kunye namandla ophuhliso. Ngaphantsi kwalo mgaqo, nabani na unokuthi: "kodwa oku kunokwenzeka ngoku"; kodwa sisirhwaphilizo, ukuba kuyabonwa ngenene ukuba ukwenzeka oko kunyanzelisa ukwaphulwa kwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, ipropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, okanye nayiphi na enye indlela yokuthintela
Ngoo-80, uRichard Stallman, injineli kunye nenkqubo yeMIT (eMassachusetts Institute of Technology), wayecinga ukuba ungquzulwano lolawulo lolwazi ukuba izithintelo kunye nemida kunaniselwano ngolwazi ingagcinwa. Ngale ndlela, ukuqala kweprojekthi ye-GNU (i-GNU ayisiyiyo i-Unix) kwavela ngo-1985, enye indlela yokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-Unix, ephawulwa linqanaba eliphezulu lokuthengisa kunye nexabiso, ngokubandakanya i-Linux kernel ngo-1991 iya kuba Eyona nto ibalulekileyo simahla sisebenza kwihlabathi, esetyenziswayo ngoku, ngokwe IDC (International Data Corporation) iingxelo, nge 78% yamaseva aphezulu ehlabathi angama-500, kunye ne-89.2% yezona zinamandla emhlabeni # okanye iikhompyuter eziphezulu ngenxa yokuthembeka, ukhuseleko nenkululeko. I-Free Software Foundation engenzi nzuzo yasekwa emva kwexesha elifutshane, kodwa mhlawumbi igalelo layo elikhulu kukuyilwa komgaqo wecopyleft, ovumela ukuhanjiswa simahla kweekopi kunye neenguqulelo zomsebenzi eziguqulweyo. Kukule nto ukuba umxholo wesoftware yasimahla yavulwa, kufanelekile ukuba icaciswe, oko akuthethi ukuba simahla. Isoftware yasimahla ngumcimbi wenkululeko, hayi ixabiso.
Umxholo wesoftware yasimahla ubhekisa kwinkululeko yabasebenzisi yokubaleka, yokukopa, yokuhambisa, yokufunda, yokutshintsha kunye neyokuphucula isoftware. Ngokuchanekileyo, ibhekisa kwinkululeko yabasebenzisi besoftware, ekufuneka izalisekiswe ngokupheleleyo ukuze ithathelwe ingqalelo simahla:
- Inkululeko yokusebenzisa le nkqubo, ngayo nayiphi na injongo (inkululeko 0).
- Inkululeko yokufunda ukuba le nkqubo isebenza njani, kwaye uyihlengahlengise kwiimfuno (inkululeko 1).
- Inkululeko yokuhambisa iikopi (inkululeko 2).
- Inkululeko yokuphucula inkqubo kunye nokwenza uphuculo esidlangalaleni kwabanye, ukuze uluntu lonke luxhamle (inkululeko 3).
Kwakungalo mzuzu xa intshukumo yesoftware yasimahla isuka yaba yenye yeemarike zobuchwephesha, yaba sisiseko esiphambili kumaqela ahlukeneyo ezentlalo nawenkcubeko, kwinto ethathwa njengenkcubeko yasimahla, apho abantu babelana ngolu hlobo lweenjongo zikhokelele kwiindawo ezininzi zolwazi lomntu, zikhuphisana ngokusebenza okuphezulu kwesoftware kunye nabanikezeli beenkonzo zehardware. Oku kunikezele kwinyani yokuba namhlanje kunokuchazwa kuphela kumagama omakhi wayo:uxanduva lommi kukungakholelwa nakusiphi na isiprofeto ngekamva, kodwa kukuthatha amanyathelo ukuze afumane elona kamva lihle ”(uStallman).
“Umbutho wasimahla wesoftware yenye yezona ntshukumo zimpumelelo kwezentlalo eziye zavela kule minyaka ingama-25 idlulileyo, kwaye ziqhutywa luluntu lwehlabathi lweenkqubo ezinesidima ezinikele kwinjongo yenkululeko nokwabelana. Kodwa impumelelo yokugqibela yesoftware yasimahla ixhomekeke ekubeni sifundise abahlobo bethu, abamelwane, abantu esisebenza nabo, malunga nengozi yokungabinayo inkululeko yesoftware, malunga nengozi yoluntu olunokuphulukana nolawulo kwikhompyuter yalo.
-U-Peter T. Brown, uMlawuli oyiNtloko, iSiseko seSoftware yasimahla
Ukufunda ngesoftware yasimahla namhlanje kufana nokumamela intetho ka-Andrés Manuél Lopez Obrador (wezopolitiko wase-Mexico), kuhlala kunjalo. NGONAPHAKADE. Uya kwinkomfa ye-RSM namhlanje kwaye kwiminyaka emi-2 ubuyela umva kwaye bakuxelele into efanayo. Oko kokubhala inkululeko ezi-4 ukuzama ukucacisa ukuba yintoni i-SL esele idinekile. Kuya kufuneka bayibeke kuzo zonke iiblogi malunga ne-SL kwikholamu elungileyo ukuze bahlale beyibona ¬¬
Kutheni uyitshintsha ukuba iyinyani?
Inqaku elilungileyo. Kumnandi ukuyifunda.
Yintoni ke leyo? Logama isoftware yobunini ikhona, akukho sidingo sokudinwa ukuyithetha
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba i-RMS nokuba ayiyazi iMaslow Pyramid, okanye iyala nje
Phezulu kwiphiramidi yile:
-Ukuziphatha kakubi
-Ukudala
-Ukungaxhomekeki
-Ukungabikho komonakalo
Ukwamkela iinyani
Isisombululo siyingxaki
Kubonakala kum ukuba ngokwemigaqo ngokubanzi ifilosofi yeSoftware yasimahla ayikho kude kangako, okanye ubuncinci, ngaphandle kwezinye, kubonakala kum.
Ukubulisa
Ndibhekisa kwisivakalisi esiqala inqaku. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba iimfuno zilinganisela inkululeko yomntu ngokungathi zizinkosi zakhe (kwaye ngelixa uninzi lwazo zingakhethwa kwaye zilahlwe, ezinye ziinkosi zazo ebomini).
Ngayiphi na imeko, uluntu lweSoftware yasimahla lunabaninzi be-fanboys, abo bangenzi nto ngaphandle kokugxeka nabani na ngokungasebenzisi "okona kulungileyo", Oko kukuthi, ezabo ...
Isenzo esilihlazo kunye nokubuzwa okuncinci ngaphakathi koluntu lwethu, hayi njalo, ngaphandle.
Kuthatha ubukrelekrele obuninzi kunye "nezigebenga."
Ukubulisa
+1, Ndiyavuma ukuba ifilosofi ayikude kude neekhonsepthi eziphezulu zepiramidi kaMaslow.
Inqaku elilunge kakhulu.
Kwimeko yam ndizama ukubamema kwisoftware yasimahla kwaye ndibabonise izibonelelo zayo, ndinabantu abasi-8 abaphela bendicela ukuba ndifake ubuntu kwaye bonelisekile :).
umntakwethu ufaka i-openSUSE + KDESC kwilaptop yakhe, kwaye uyayithanda, ngoku ndoyikisa ngokufaka iWindows XP xa engafuni kwenza nto.
Ndiyabulela kakhulu ngazo zonke izimvo zakho, okokuqala ndifuna ukunixelela ukuba eli nqaku lapapashwa kwijenali ye-elektroniki yeUniversidad de la Costa eBarranquilla, eColombia. Kule yunivesithi, nangona kubonakala kungakholeki, bambalwa abantu abanoluvo lokuba isoftware yasimahla ikhona, kwaye ngenxa yoko abazi izinto ezininzi, kubandakanya nenkululeko esisiseko ye-4; Esi yayisisizathu esandikhuthaza ukuba ndiyibhale. Ngokucacileyo le yibhlog apho wonke umntu eyiqonda le migaqo, kodwa yayenzelwe abo bangenayo. Imibuliso evela kuQuilla 😉
Kwabo banomdla ndishiya ikhonkco lophononongo loqobo apho inqaku elikhankanyiweyo livela khona (iphepha 5-6) https://docs.google.com/file/d/0ByCBStjGCD3JU0l0aGNuaFpEMVk/edit
Ndifakele ubuntu kwi laptop yomtshana wam kwaye ibingahambi kakuhle 🙂 indenze ndafuna ukuhlala nayo, yonke into ibisebenza okokuqala.
Ewe, ngapha koko konke ubuhle.