I-FreeBSD isekwe kakuhle njengenkqubo yokwakha i-Intanethi kunye neeseva ze-Intranet. Ibonelela ngeenkonzo zenethiwekhi ezithembekileyo ngokufanelekileyo kunye nolawulo lwememori olusebenzayo.
Kwiintsuku ezininzi ezidlulileyo zakhutshwa iindaba ukuba ikhowudi yesiseko ye I-FreeBSD yamkelwe ukuphunyezwa okutsha kweprotocol yonxibelelwano umnatha (RFC 3549) esetyenziswa kwi-Linux ukunxibelelana phakathi kwekernel kunye neenkqubo kwisithuba somsebenzisi.
Usapho lwesokhethi umnatha lujongano lwekernel yeLinux isetyenziselwa unxibelelwano lwe-interprocess (IPC) phakathi kwekernel kunye neenkqubo zomsebenzisi kunye naphakathi kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zesithuba somsebenzisi, ezifana ne-Unix domain sockets.
Ngokufana neesokethi zesizinda se-Unix kwaye ngokungafaniyo neesokethi ze-INET, unxibelelwano lwe-Netlink alukwazi ukunqumla imida yenginginya. Nangona kunjalo, ngelixa iisokethi zesizinda se-Unix zisebenzisa indawo yegama lesixokelelwano sefayile, iinkqubo zeNetlink zijongwa ngokubanzi ngabachongi benkqubo (PIDs).
I-Netlink iyilwe kwaye isetyenziselwa ukudlulisa ulwazi lwenethiwekhi eyahlukeneyo phakathi kwesithuba sekernel kunye neenkqubo zesithuba somsebenzisi. Izixhobo zenethiwekhi, ezifana nosapho lwe-iproute2 kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukuqwalasela abaqhubi be-wireless base-mac80211, sebenzisa i-Netlink ukunxibelelana ne-Linux kernel kwindawo yomsebenzisi. I-Netlink inikezela nge-standard-based interface ye-socket yeenkqubo zendawo yomsebenzisi kunye ne-kernel-side API yokusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi kwiimodyuli ze-kernel. UNetlink ekuqaleni wasebenzisa AF_NETLINK usapho lwesokethi.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwimo yayo yangoku, Umaleko wenkxaso weNetlink uvumela iFreeBSD ukuba isebenzise usetyenziso lweLinux ip yeipakethi ye-iproute2 yokulawula ujongano lwenethiwekhi, seta iidilesi ze-IP, uqwalasele indlela, kwaye ulawule izinto ze-nexhop ezigcina urhulumente osetyenziselwa ukuthumela ipakethi kwindawo oyifunayo. Emva kokutshintsha kancinane iifayile zeheader, kuyenzeka ukuba usebenzise iNetlink kwipakethi yomzila yeNtaka.
Ukuphunyezwa kweNetlink yeFreeBSD ipakishwe njengemodyuli yekernel elayishekayo ukuba, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ayichaphazeli ezinye iindlela ezisezantsi ze kernel kwaye yenza imigca yemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo (tasqueue) ukucubungula imiyalezo engenayo ngeprotocol kwaye wenze imisebenzi kwimo ye-asynchronous. Isizathu sokufaka iNetlink kukungabikho kwendlela esemgangathweni ukunxibelelana ne-kernel subsystems, ekhokelela kwiinkqubo ezisezantsi ezahlukeneyo kunye nabaqhubi baqamba ezabo iiprothokholi.
umnatha inikeza umaleko wonxibelelwano olumanyeneyo kunye nefomati yomyalezo eyandisiweyo enokuthi isebenze njengomntu ophakathi odibanisa ngokuzenzekelayo idata eyahlukanayo esuka kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo ukuya kwisicelo esinye. Umzekelo, ii-subsystems ze-FreeBSD ezifana ne-devd, ijele, kunye ne-pfilctl zinokufakwa kwi-Netlink, ngoku zisebenzisa ezazo iifowuni ze-ioctl, eziya kwenza lula kakhulu usetyenziso lolwakhiwo lokusebenza ngezi ndlela zingaphantsi. Ukongeza, ukusebenzisa i-Netlink ukuguqula izinto ze-nexthop kunye namaqela kwisitaki sokuhamba kuya kuvumela ukusebenzisana okusebenzayo kunye neenkqubo zokusebenzisa indawo yomsebenzisi.
Ujongano, iidilesi, iindlela, i-firewall, iifibs, ii-vnets, njl. zilawulwa nge-netlink. Yi-TLV-based asynchronous protocol ebonelela nge-1-1 kunye ne-1-unxibelelwano oluninzi. Uphumezo lwangoku luxhasa iseti esezantsi yosapho lweNETLINK_ROUTE. Ukuphunyezwa kwakhona kuyahambelana ne-NETLINK_GENERIC yesakhelo sosapho.
Iimpawu eziphunyeziweyo ngoku:
- Fumana ulwazi malunga neendlela, izinto ze-nexhops kunye namaqela, ujongano lwenethiwekhi, iidilesi kunye neenginginya ezingabamelwane (arp/ndp).
- Ukuqulunqwa kwezaziso malunga nokubonakala kunye nokuqhawulwa konxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi, ukucwangciswa kunye nokususwa kweedilesi, ukongezwa kunye nokususwa kweendlela.
- Yongeza kwaye ususe iindlela, izinto ezilandelayo ze-hop kunye namaqela, amasango, ujongano lwenethiwekhi.
- Ukudityaniswa kunye ne-interface ye-Rtsock ukulawula itafile yomzila.
Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba ukuza kuthi ga ngoku iprojekthi ilinganiselwe ekuxhaseni usapho lwe-NETLINK_ROUTE lwemisebenzi yokulawula imeko yenkqubo ephantsi yothungelwano kwi-kernel.
Okokugqibela, ukuba unomdla wokwazi okungakumbi ngayo, ungajonga iinkcukacha kwi eli khonkco lilandelayo.