Kutshanje ndiyenzile isithuba iqonga ngalo mfanekiso ndikubonisa wona
Ngokuphathelele isoftware yasimahla kunye nesoftware yobunini, unyanisile. Kodwa umbono wakhe womthombo ovulekileyo ubonakala kum (ngokombono wam) ubaxiwe. Okokuqala ndiza kudwelisa imilinganiselo ekufuneka ilayisenisi ibenayo. kuthathwa njengomthombo ovulekileyo:
I-1) Akufuneki ithintele nabani na ekuthengiseni okanye ekunikezeni isoftware, okanye afune ukuqokelelwa kwemali yokuhlawula ukuba bayayithengisa.
2) Inkqubo kufuneka ibandakanye ikhowudi yomthombo kwaye ivumele ukusabalalisa kuyo zombini umthombo kunye nekhowudi ehlanganisiweyo (kwimeko yokugqibela, kufuneka kubekho indlela yokufikelela kwikhowudi kwaye akukho ngaphezu kweendleko ezifanelekileyo zokuvelisa).
3) Kufuneka uvumele ukuguqulwa kunye nemisebenzi ephuma kuyo kwaye uvumele ukuba zihanjiswe phantsi kwemiqathango efanayo nelayisenisi yokuqala.
4) Kufuneka uvumele NGOKUCACILEYO ukuhanjiswa kwesoftware eyenziwe ngekhowudi elungisiweyo. Olu nikezelo lunokuthintelwa NDODWA ingaba ilayisenisi ivumela ukuhanjiswa kweepetshi ngekhowudi ngenjongo yokuguqula inkqubo ngexesha lokuqokelela. Isenokufuna ukuba isoftware ephuma kuyo ibe negama okanye inguqulelo eyahlukileyo kuneyokuqala.
5) Akufunekanga ucalule nawuphi na umntu okanye iqela labantu.
6) Akufanele uthintele nabani na ekusebenziseni isoftware kwindawo ethile yomsebenzi.
7) Amalungelo kwisoftware enelayisensi kufuneka asebenze kuye nabani na ohambisa yona ngaphandle kwemfuneko yeelayisensi ezongezelelweyo.
8) Iphepha-mvume kufuneka lingangqamani nemveliso ethile.
9) Ilayisenisi akufuneki ithintele nayiphi na enye isoftware ehanjiswa kunye nesoftware enelayisensi.
10) Iphepha-mvume kufuneka lingathathi cala ngokwethekhinoloji.
Izigqibo:
1) Ukuthintelwa kokusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo kumthombo ovulekileyo a ibhola ngokupheleleyo, ngenxa yekhrayitheriya 1.
2) I-Idem yokungabikho kwesiqinisekiso sokuguqulwa kwekhowudi, ngenxa yekhrayitheriya ye-3
3) I-Ditto "ngamanye amaxesha" malunga nokwabelana ngesoftware yoqobo, ngenxa yekhrayitheriya 1, 2, 5, 6 kunye ne-7
4) Ngokuphathelele ukungabikho kwesiqinisekiso sokwabelana ngohlengahlengiso, kulapho ilayisenisi ayikokopishwa, hayi kuba ingumthombo ovulekileyo.
5) Ngaphezulu kokuthelekisa phakathi kwesoftware yomthombo wasimahla kunye nevulekileyo, kunjalo uthelekiso phakathi kweGPL kunye nayo nayiphi na enye ilayisenisi engeyiyo ekhopyleft.
Khumbula kakuhle abafundi: Umahluko phakathi kwesoftware yasimahla kunye nomthombo ovulekileyo yi umbono. Eyokuqala isondela kuyo yonke into ngokwembono ye Libertad, enye ijongene nayo ngokwembono zobugcisa-zendlela.
Kwaye ekubeni sikuyo, ndiza kubeka elinye inqaku apha kodwa malunga iilayisenisi. Sele sizibonile iimfuno ekufuneka ilayisensi yomthombo ovulekileyo ube nayo. Ihamba ngaphandle kokuthi ilayisensi yesoftware yasimahla ifuna loo nto zalisekisa iinkululeko ezi-4. Ngokuqhelekileyo ilayisensi yesoftware yasimahla, ikwangumthombo ovulekileyo kwaye ngokuphambeneyo. Kwaye okufanayo kuhamba ngenye indlela, ukuba ayikhululekile, ayingomthombo ovulekileyo kwaye ngokuphambene noko. Nantsi lapho ngaphandle kumgaqo kwaye zezi zilandelayo:
1) I-4-gatya BSD (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-BSD yoqobo). Ayingomthombo ovulekileyo ukusukela kwelinye lamagatya ayo ibeka intengiso yombutho obhale ikhowudi (ukuphula i-criterion 8, ngaphezu kokuhambelana ne-GPL). I-2- kunye ne-3-clause BSDs zikhululekile kwaye zivulekile, kwaye zombini ziyahambelana ne-GPL.
2) La CECILL (CEA CNRS INRIA Logiciel Libre) Isimahla kwaye yenzelwe ukuhambelana neGPLv2 kodwa ngokusekelwe kwimithetho yesiFrentshi.
3) Ilayisensi I-Cryptix (esetyenziswa kwiprojekthi yecryptix, eyaziwa ngeleJava cryptography extension). Yi-2-clause BSD, kodwa imveliso ethile.
4) Yenza le nto uyifunayo kwiLayisensi yoLuntu (yenza nantoni na oyifunayo ngelayisenisi yam yekhowudi. Akukho ngcaciso eyongezelelweyo efunekayo) Isizathu sokuba bangatshongo ukuba ivuliwe kungenxa yokuba ngokukaMartin Michlmayr (ophonononge umhlathi kuphela welayisensi) EYurophu akukho Domain yoLuntu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, lowo wayidalayo yayinguSam Hocevar, inkokeli yeprojekthi yeDebian phakathi kwe2007-08.
5) Ilayisensi Umtsalane. Ilayisenisi yasimahla i-FSF ekubongoza ukuba ungayisebenzisi NGAPHANDLE, nge UCALUCALULO esasaza kubasebenzisi. Lowo ngowona mahluko uphambili phakathi kwelayisenisi kunye nelayisenisi yeMozilla (engumthombo ovulekileyo nesimahla).
6) Ilayisensi OpenSSL. Oku kubandakanya a igatya lentengiso, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba isekelwe kwi-Apache ilayisensi version 1.0 (engavuliwe) kwaye kungekhona kwi-2.0 (evuliwe).
7) Ilayisensi XFree86. Ngokufanayo ne-4-clause BSD.
8) Inkqubo ye- ILayisensi yoLuntu yoBuyiselwano. Ngokungafaniyo nezo sele zidweliswe, yilayisensi yomthombo ovulekileyo kodwa ayisimahla. Kufana ne-GPL leyo inyanzelekile ukupapasha naluphi na uhlengahlengiso olwenziwe yinkampani, nangona oku kukwenza ngasese.
Ngoku, kukho neminye imibuzo malunga neelayisensi zemithombo yamahhala kunye nevulekileyo, njengokuhambelana kwayo ne-GPL, nokuba i-copyleft okanye ayikho, okanye ivunyiwe yizikhokelo eziqhelekileyo ze-Debian. Iilayisensi zamahhala kunye nemithombo evulekileyo engahambelani ne-GPL yi-Eclipse, i-Mozilla (iinguqulelo ngaphambi kwe-2.0), i-Apache (efana ne-Mozilla), i-IBM, i-LaTeX, i-PHP kunye ne-Sun phakathi kwabanye. Iilayisensi zemithombo yamahhala kunye nevulekileyo engekho i-copyleft yi-BSD, i-MIT, i-Python, i-PHP kunye ne-Apache kunye ne-Artistic phakathi kwabanye. Kwaye kwilayini ngokubanzi yeDebian, bayayikhaba iLayisensi yoXwebhu yamahala ye-GNU ukuba uxwebhu lubandakanya amacandelo angaguqukiyo.
Sisenokuthetha nangezinye izithintelo ezivunyelweyo ngaphakathi kwesoftware yasimahla, njenge Icopyleft kufuneka yomelele kangakanani?. la LGPL (i-copyleft ebuthakathaka) yenzelwe ukuba iimodyuli eziyinxalenye yeprogram ye-GPL (i-copyleft eqinile) nazo zisetyenziswe kwiiprogram ezingekho ze-GPL (i-LibreOffice ilayisenisi kunye ne-LGPL).
Olunye uthintelo lolo lwe impindezelo patent, oko kukuthi, amalungelo akho njengomsebenzisi wenkqubo ethile ayaphela xa umangalela inkampani eyenza isoftware yomba welungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza. Qikelela ukuba ithini ilayisensi yasimahla kunye neVulekileyo lo mlinganiso ubandakanya, ukongeza kwilayisensi yeMozilla kunye neApache.
Kukwakho nemeko yeelayisensi eziqwalasela izithintelo zehardware (njenge i-tivoization). Inguqulo ye-3.0 ye-GPL yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo ukulwa ne-tivoization, kuba i-TiVo isebenzisa isofthiwe yamahhala kumatshini wayo, ikwabelana ngekhowudi phantsi kwe-GPLv2, kodwa ayivumeli ukuba ikhowudi elungisiweyo iqhutywe ngaphandle kokugunyaziswa ngokusayinwa kwedijithali kwinkampani (into efanayo. yenzeka ngoKhuseleko UkuQalisa). ULinus nguye andivumelani nenguqulelo yesi-3, okokuqala ngenxa yokuba ukholelwa ukuba ilayisenisi yesofthiwe akufanele idluliselwe kwi-hardware kwaye okwesibini kuba yena ngokwakhe uthatha iisignesha zedijithali njengesixhobo sokhuseleko esiluncedo.
Kwaye ndidiniwe ukubhala. Ndiyathemba ukuba uNano uya kufumana eli nqaku liluncedo kwi-Linux yeDummies ntetho yakhe. Ngexesha elizayo ndiza kwenza enye kwindlela yokuthengisa isoftware yasimahla.
Amakhonkco aluncedo:
Inkcazo yoMthombo oVulekileyo: http://opensource.org/osd
Kutheni i-OSI ingayamkeli i Yenza le nto uyifunayo kwiLayisensi yoLuntu: http://opensource.org/minutes20090304
Uluvo lwe-RMS malunga nelayisensi yeNetscape: http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/netscape-npl.es.html
Ivela phi loo grafu? Kukukhohlisa okumangalisayo kwenyani ukuze igama elithi "Isoftware yasimahla" lelona lilungileyo kwimuvi. I-GPL yilayisensi "yeMthombo oVulekileyo", ngoko ke uthelekiso olunomdla olunjalo alunangqiqo.
"I-GPL yilayisensi "yeMthombo oVulekileyo", ngoko ke uthelekiso olunjalo olunomdla alunangqiqo."
Aha... jonga wena...
I-GPL yilayisensi yeFSF ye-SOFTWARE YAMAHHALA.
Isoftware yasimahla ifuna ukukhusela uphuhliso lwesoftware kwaye iyenze ivuleke kwaye kwabelwane ngayo kuba inentlalontle, ifilosofi kwaye, ukuba uyathanda, icandelo le-utopian.
I-OSS ngumyalelo wokuphuhlisa isofthiwe ngokuvulelekileyo, kanye loo nto, eyazalwa ngokuphendula "imiqathango" ye-GPL.
Jonga kwi-Revolution OS kwaye uyeke ukuthetha ne-fart endala, umnatha ugcwele ulwazi oluhle.
http://opensource.org/licenses/alphabetical
Iilayisensi ezivunyiweyo yi-Open Source Initiative, kuba ziyahlangabezana nemigaqo esele ikhankanyiwe. Phakathi kwazo, i-GPL 2 kunye ne-3. Ngoko ke, i-GNU GPL Ikwayilayisensi yoMthombo oVulekileyo
Njengoko @diazepan ibonisa, i-GPL ilayisenisi eyinxalenye yosapho "lweMthombo oVulekileyo". Ke ngoko, umzobo uxoka xa isithi ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo akuvumelekanga, kuba iilayisensi zesoftware zasimahla ziwela ngaphakathi kweOSI, ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zayo. Kwaye bakhuphela ii-icon njengoko bethanda, ngaphandle kwesigwebo, bongeza amagama akhohlakeleyo anjengokuthi "akuqinisekwanga", "ngamanye amaxesha kuphela" kunye "nomda". Ubuvuvu obunenjongo ecacileyo: Shiya igama elithi "Umthombo oVulekileyo" phakathi kwesoftware yasimahla kunye neyobumnini (into engalunganga kwaphela).
Unokuthetha malunga nomthombo ovulekileyo okanye isoftware yasimahla, kodwa awukwazi ukwahlula iilayisensi kwiibhaskithi ezimbini (enye yeFSF kunye neOSI) kuba kukho ezinye ezingena kuzo zombini.
Umhlathi wokugqibela uyalahlekisa. Ukucacisa, igama elithi “abanye” lifanele litshintshwe libe “phantse bonke.” I-FSF ibandakanya inani elikhulu leelayisenisi njengesoftware yasimahla kodwa icebisa ezimbalwa (yiyo loo nto ndibeka "ezinye" ndingaqondanga). Kukwakho iilayisenisi ezamkelwa yi-OSI kwaye iFSF iyala (njengeSivumelwano soMthombo oVulekileyo weNASA) kodwa ziimeko ezinqabileyo.
Inqaku elilungileyo. Kuhlala kufanelekile ukucacisa ezi ntlobo zezinto ukuze ukudideka kunciphe, ngakumbi phakathi kwabasebenzisi abatsha. Kwaye ewe, isoftware yoMthombo oVulekileyo isimahla, umahluko nje omncinci noko wamkelwa yiFSF.
Kuhle ukuba uyicacise, ndiyathemba ukuba inqaku lakho liphelisa iingxoxo ezininzi ezingenangqondo ezenzeka kwiiforamu ezininzi kunye neeblogi. Molweni kunye neposi elungileyo.
«Izigqibo:
I-1) Ukuvinjelwa kokusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo kumthombo ovulekileyo yi-bollocks epheleleyo, ngenxa yekhrayitheriya 1. »
Hahaha, yeyiphi itheniphu!!! xd
Eso iya kuba _YAKHO_ isiphelo phambi kokuba sikwazise kakuhle 😀
I-F/LOSS ayizange iyithintele ukuba ithengiswe, enyanisweni *ikhuthaza* ingeniso ngokuhlonipha amagatya eelayisensi ezifanelekileyo.
Ahhhh -ncwina-…. :facepalm:
Undingqina ndinyanisile. Ndathi ukuvinjelwa kokusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo kuyingxaki. Okanye awuyazi ukuba yintoni ibhola?
yintoni isihogo ibhola?
Bolazo: Ububhanxa, ububhanxa. (ixesha leRiver Plate)
Ibhola = Ubuxoki
Bolazo = Ubuxoki obukhulu kakhulu.
🙂
Andazi ukuba isetyenziswa nakwamanye amazwe, kodwa eSpain iyaqondwa. 🙂
Ewe, kodwa ndididekile ngakumbi, eArgentina bubuvuvu, buphambene kwaye eSpain kuthetha ubuxoki? Ekugqibeleni, yeyiphi kwezi nkcazelo zimbini?
Bobabini bayahlekisa.
Kum kubonakala ngathi kufuneka usebenzise izichazi zendalo yonke, kuba, kwilizwe lakowethu, asilazi isichazi esithi “bolazo.” Khumbula ukuba le bhlog ifundwa ngokubanzi kulo lonke elaseLatin America nangaphaya.
Ngenxa yam. Le yindlela thina bantu baseUruguay / baseArgentina abazivakalisa ngayo.
Ngaba siza kuqhubeka nokuguqula uMthombo oVulekileyo/uluntu lweSoftware yasimahla? Ombe, hayi! Inguqulelo yesoftware yasimahla esimahla kunesimahla iya kukhutshwa ngoku. Emva koko abakhululekileyo baya kuba bubi kwaye "abakhululekileyo" baya kuba ngabalungileyo. Ngaba sifana kwiintlobo zomculo? Kuthekani ukuba i-Metal Black, i-Metalcore, i-Popcore ... jonga, bahlobo, i-METAL kwaye yiyo loo nto. Ukuba bendiza kutsalwa yiyo yonke into abayithethayo malunga nesoftware yasimahla, engeyosimahla kunye nayo yonke ithiyori, kuya kuba ngcono ukuba ndihlale ezilalini ngaphandle kwezixhobo zombane ezijikeleze ukuba ndikhululeke ngokupheleleyo.
Hahaha, nyani!! xd
Kwaqhwatywa izandla, umba wamaphepha-mvume unokubhidanisa kwaye kusoloko kulungile ukucacisa ubudlelwane phakathi komthombo ovulekileyo vs iSoft Libre, leyo, njengoko usitsho, "yingcamango" okanye "ifilosofi." Inqaku elingacacanga kum ligatya le-4 le-BSD kuba andizange ndiyiqonde inqaku lesi-8 le-OSD "Ilayisensi mayingabi ngqo kwimveliso." Kuthetha ukuthini oku? Kwaye yintoni enokuyenza ngayo: "enye yamagatya ayo aseka ukupapashwa kombutho obhale ikhowudi" yeBSD? Cacisa ingongoma kum. Ndiyabulisa.
Ikhrayitheriya yesi-8 ithi amalungelo kwisoftware enelayisensi akufuneki axhomekeke kwinto yokuba loo nkqubo iyinxalenye yesoftware ethile. Intengiso yesoftware ethile okanye inkampani eyenza ukuba yaphule lo mgaqo. Umzekelo kwigatya lesi-4 le-BSD, igatya lesi-3 lithi:
3. Zonke izixhobo zentengiso ezikhankanya iimpawu okanye ukusetyenziswa kwale software kufuneka zibonise oku kuvuma okulandelayo: Le mveliso ibandakanya isoftware eyenziwe yiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eBerkeley kunye nabaxhasi bayo.
Ngoko ke inokuba ngathi "ngo" iilayisensi commons creative?
Enkosi ngengcaciso, ngumba obaluleke kakhulu, sihlala sijonge ngokuphoxayo kwabo bangayifundiyo iWindows EULA, kufuneka siqale ekhaya 🙂
Hayi indlela engaqhelekanga ngayo, ndiyayiqonda loo nqobo njengentsingiselo yokuba ayinakuba "le modyuli isimahla nje ukuba isetyenziswa kunye kwaye iyinxalenye yayo yonke le software."
Ngaba kukho naphina apho inqaku ngalinye lithetha ukuthini kwaye ezo ntsonkotha zilungiswa?
Njengoko benditshilo kwiforum, ndiba nemvakalelo yokuba laa grafu ijikiwe 😀
Ngaba kukho nabani na owaziyo ukuba kutheni iLayisensi yeCDDL ingahambelani neGPL, kodwa yamkelwa njengelayisenisi yasimahla yiFSF
I-CDDL isekwe kwilayisensi yeMozilla 1.1. Loo nguqulelo ayihambelani ne-GPL. Kule khonkco kukho inkcazo yokungahambelani phakathi kwe-MPL 1.1 kunye ne-GPL 3
http://www.tomhull.com/ocston/docs/mozgpl.html
Xa i-FSF icinga ukuba ilayisenisi ine-copyleft ebuthathaka, ithathwa njengengahambelani ne-GPL.
Akunjalo. Amagatya e-BSD 2 kunye ne-3 ayahambelana ne-GPL, kwaye awayicopyleft.
Nge-copyleft ebuthathaka ndithetha ukuba yi-copyleft eyenziwe kakubi, ebeka izithintelo ezichasene nomoya we-GPL okanye eziphikisana namagatya ayo, zenza buthathaka i-copyleft yesoftware ebandakanya zombini.
Inqaku eligqwesileyo, bendiyazi imiqathango yezi layisensi….. kodwa hayi kakhulu xD Enkosi kakhulu!
Hayi, kodwa i-GPL ayikuthinteli ekusebenziseni ikhowudi kuyo nayiphi na injongo okanye injongo. Ngokusisiseko, iyakuthintela ekwenzeni isoftware yobunikazi ngayo.
Ngoko siqhubeka songeza iimpazamo kumfanekiso.
Phendula nge quote
I-PS: kakuhle apho ukwazisa amagama esiwasebenzisayo thina bantu baseRiver Plate. Besele siyenze yaduma into ethi "ukrwada yazi"... masambeni 😛
Kubonakala kum ukuba oku kubhekiselele ekusebenziseni iSoftware (ngabasebenzisi) nayiphi na injongo, kungekhona iKhowudi (ngabadwelisi beprogram) nayiphi na injongo. Ngaphaya koko, “inkululeko” eyayiza kuphelisa zonke ezinye iinkululeko ibiya kuba bubudenge.
I-WTF PL iguqulela ngokuthi "Yenza Nantoni na Oyifunayo" Ilayisensi yoLuntu. 🙂
Namhlanje ndiza kunikela intetho kwaye umfanekiso wakho ubonakala umela kakhulu kum, ucaphula intetho ethi "umfanekiso uthetha ngaphezu kwamagama e-1000", kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kuya kusetyenziselwa iinjongo zemfundo, kunye nabafundi beYunivesithi yasePanama, kwisakhelo sesoftware yasimahla, ndiya kubeka kwakhona ikhonkco kwiiblogi zakho ukubakhuthaza ukuba batyelele ibhlog yakho, kwaye bandise abalandeli abanomdla wokusetyenziswa kwesoftware yasimahla, ndiphinda ndibulise kwaye ndiyabulela,
Ngokuthobeka,
UNjingalwazi Angel Samaniego Pineda