Emva kweminyaka emibini yophuhliso, ukuqaliswa kwentsha inguqulelo ukusuka kumphathi wepakethe I-RPM 4.15.0. Umphathi wePakeji ye-RPM (okanye i-RPM, ekuqaleni yayibizwa ngokuba yi-Red Hat Package Manager, kodwa yaba sisifinyezo esiphindaphindayo) Sisixhobo solawulo lwephakheji ngokwesiseko yenzelwe GNU/Linux. Iyakwazi ukufaka, ukuhlaziya, ukukhupha, ukuqinisekisa kunye nokucela iinkqubo.
Iprojekthi ye-RPM4 iphuhliswe yi-Red Hat kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa okufana ne-RHEL (kubandakanywa neeprojekthi ezithathwe kwi I-CentOS, i-Linux yeSayensi, i-AsiaLinux, i-Red Flag Linux, i-Oracle Linux), Fedora, SUSE, openSUSE, ALT Linux, OpenMandriva, Mageia, PCLinuxOS, Tizen nabanye abaninzi.
Ngaphambili, iqela lophuhliso elizimeleyo liphuhlise iprojekthi ye-RPM5, engahambelani ngqo ne-RPM4 kwaye ngoku ishiyiweyo (khange ihlaziywe ukusukela ngo-2010).
Iphakheji ye-RPM inokuqulatha iseti yeefayile. Uninzi lwazo Iifayile ze-RPM zi "RPM yokubini" (okanye i-BRPM) equlathe uguqulelo oluhlanganisiweyo lwesoftware ethile.
Kukwakho umthombo weRPMs (okanye ii-SRPMs) eziqulathe ikhowudi yemvelaphi esetyenziselwa ukwakha ipakethe yokubini.
Ezi zineleyibhile efanelekileyo kwisihloko sefayile esahlula kwii-RPM eziqhelekileyo, ezibangela ukuba zikhutshwe kwi /usr/src xa kuhlohla.
I-SRPMs idla ngokuphatha ulwandiso lwefayile ".src.rpm" (.spm kwiisistim zefayile ezilinganiselweyo kwiimpawu ezi-3 kulwandiso, umzekelo, iDOS FAT endala).
Phakathi kweempawu zeRPM zezi:
- Iipakethi zinokuguqulelwa ngokuntsonkothileyo kwaye zingqinwe nge-GPG kunye ne-MD5.
- Iifayile zekhowudi yomthombo (umzekelo. .tar.gz, .tar.bz2) zibandakanyiwe kwii-SRPMs, zivumela ukuqinisekiswa kamva.
- I-PatchRPMs kunye ne-DeltaRPMs, ezilingana neefayile zokupakisha, zinokuhlaziya ngokunyukayo iiphakheji ze-RPM ezifakiweyo.
- Ukuxhomekeka kungasonjululwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngumphathi wepakethe.
Yintoni entsha kwi-RPM 4.15
Kolu guqulelo lutsha lweRPM 4.15 I-Rpmbuild yongeza inkxaso yokuxhomekeka kolwakhiwo olunamandla ngokubandakanywa kwayo kwi-src.rpm. Inkxaso eyongeziweyo yecandelo "% generate_buildrequires" kwifayile ethile, umxholo wayo uphathwa njengoluhlu lwabaxhomekeke (BuildRequires) olufuna ukutshekishwa (ukuba akukho kuxhomekeka, impazamo iya kuboniswa).
Enye into entsha kolu phehlelelo kukuba Inkxaso yovavanyo eyongeziweyo yemisebenzi exhomekeke kwi-chroot ngaphandle kokufuna ingcambu (ngezithuba zamagama abasebenzisi) eya kuvumela uqulunqo olungekho sikweni kwindawo yechroot.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Inkxaso yesethi yephakheji ehambelanayo iphunyeziwe kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezingundoqo. Umda kwinani leentambo ubekwe nge "%_smp_build_ncpus" macro kunye ne-$RPM_ variable.
Kwakhona Inkxaso ephuculweyo yoyilo lwe-ARM, kunye nenkxaso ye-armv8 yongeziwe.
Olunye utshintsho olubalulekileyo ukongeza i-backend yedatha ye-dummy ukunceda i-RPM ukuqhuba kwiinkqubo ngaphandle kweRPMDB njengeDebian.
Kolunye utshintsho olubonakaliswe kwisibhengezo:
- Kongezwe ukhetho "-scm" ukwenza imo ye-"% autosetup SCM".
- Kongezwe i-macro eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi "%{expr:…}" ukubala amabinzana angenasizathu (ifomathi "%[expr]" nayo yacetywa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo)
- UTF-8 encoding isetyenziswa ngokungagqibekanga kwidata yomtya kwiheader
- Kongezwe i-%build_cflags,%build_cxxflags,%build_fflags kunye ne%build_ldflags iimakhro zehlabathi jikelele ezineflegi zomqokeleli kunye nesihlanganisi.
- Kongezwe "%dnl" (Lahla kumgca olandelayo) macro ukufaka izimvo
- Izibophelelo zePython 3 zibonelela ngembuyekezo yomtya ngendlela yolandelelwano olukhuselweyo lwe-UTF-8 endaweni yedatha ye-byte.
- Inkxaso eqhubekayo inikezelwa kwi-Lua 5.2-5.3, engadingi iinkcazo zokuhambelana kwikhowudi.
- Kongezwe icandelo elitsha "% patchlist" kunye "% sourcelist", enokusetyenziswa ukongeza iipatches kunye nekhowudi yemvelaphi kuluhlu olulula lwamagama ngaphandle kokuchaza amanani obhaliso (umzekelo endaweni ka "Patch0:- popt 1,16-pkgconfig.patch » patchlist icandelo, ungakhankanya % "popt-1.16-pkgconfig.patch");
Okokugqibela, kwabo banomdla wokuzama ukuphuculwa kolu guqulelo lutsha lomphathi wepakethe, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba I-Fedora 31 beta yenye ye-distros yokuqala ukuphumeza le nguqulo entsha ye-RPM 4.15.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngayo ungadibana eli khonkco lilandelayo.