I-Apt- * okanye iAptitude, yeyiphi oyisebenzisayo?

Kulungile (Amfutshane Pukuqubha Thleka kakhulu) isetyenziselwa ukufakela kunye nokukhupha iipakeji kwi GNU / Linux. Ezo sizisebenzisayo Debian Iziphumo, siyisebenzisa ngokwesiqhelo, nangona sinokusebenzisa Ubungakanani.

Uyazi ukuba yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi zinto zimbini? Nam bendingabazi, ndiye ndaqala ke ndenza uphando ndenza amalinge. Apha ndikubonisa isiphumo.

Ubungakanani.

Kuyatshiwo oko Ubungakanani luguqulelo oluphuculweyo lwe Kulungile kwaye ilawula ukuxhomekeka kwephakeji ngcono kwaye ikwacetyiswa yiyo Debian. Ubungakanani ibandakanya uninzi lwezinto onokukhetha kuzo kunoku Ewe, Masibone ezona zisetyenzisiweyo kunye nenkcazo yazo ngokoncedo lokufaneleka.

fakela : Faka ipakeji enye okanye ezingaphezulu. Iiphakheji kufuneka zivele emva komyalelo "wokufaka".
susa, hlambulula, bamba, bamba, gcina, faka kwakhona : Le miyalelo yenza ngokufanayo no "fakela", kodwa kule meko isenzo esichongiweyo sinokuchaphazela zonke iiphakheji kumgca wokuyalela ezingasebenziyo.
update : Hlaziya uluhlu lweephakeji ezikhoyo ezivela kwimithombo efanelekileyo (elingana no "apt-fumana uhlaziyo").
uhlaziyo olukhuselekileyo : Hlaziya iipakeji ezifakiweyo kuhlobo lwazo lwamva nje. Iiphakheji ezifakiweyo ziya kususwa ngaphandle kokuba zingasetyenziswanga.
uhlaziyo olupheleleyo : Hlaziya iipakeji ezifakiweyo kuhlobo lwazo lwamva nje, ukufaka okanye ukususa iipakeji ukuba kukho imfuneko. Lo myalelo ugcinwe kancinci kunokuhlaziya ngokukhuselekileyo, kwaye ngenxa yoko uthambekele kwizenzo ezingafunekiyo. Nangona kunjalo, iyakwazi ukuhlaziya iiphakheji zokuhlaziya ngokukhuselekileyo akukwazi ukuzihlaziya. Ngenxa yezizathu zembali, lo myalelo ekuqaleni wawubizwa ngokuba kukuphuculwa kwe-dist, kwaye ubuchule buyaqaphela ukuphuculwa kokuphambuka njengegama elifanayo lokuphucula ngokupheleleyo.
ukufuna : Fumana iiphakheji ezihambelana nenye yeepateni ezifakwe kwilayini yomyalelo.
bonisa : Bonisa ulwazi oluneenkcukacha olunxulumene nepakeji enye okanye ezingaphezulu, ezidweliswe ngokwe- «search» command.

Ukubona ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokulunga kunye nokukhetha, sinokusebenzisa enye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokufumana uncedo, ngokubeka ikhonsoli:

$ umntu ukufaneleka

Kulungile

Kwimeko ye-Apt, isetyenziswa yimiyalelo: i-apt-cache, apt-fumana, apt.conf, apt_preferences, apt-safe, ezi-2 zokuqala zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Izinketho ezibandakanyiweyo zezi zilandelayo:

update : Uhlaziyo lusetyenziselwa ukungqamanisa isalathiso sephakeji kwimithombo yabo.
Phucula : uphuculo lusetyenziselwa ukufaka uhlobo olutsha lwazo zonke iipakeji ezifakwe kwinkqubo ukusuka kuyo nayiphi na imithombo edweliswe kwi /etc/apt/source.list.
nyusa umgangatho Ukongeza ekwenziweni kwezenzo zokuphucula, ngobuchule uphatha utshintsho oluxhomekeke kwiinguqulelo ezintsha zephakeji. Ukufumana ngokufanelekileyo kunenkqubo "yokusombulula" ukungqubana, kwaye ukuba kukho imfuneko iya kuzama ukuhlaziya ezona phakheji zibalulekileyo ngokudlalisa ezingabalulekanga.
fakela : Faka okanye uhlaziye iiphakheji ezilandela igama "fakela".
ukususa Iziphatha ngendlela efanayo nokufaka ngumahluko wokususa iipakeji endaweni yokuzifaka. Qaphela ukuba xa ususa iphakheji, iifayile zayo zoqwalaselo zihlala zikwinkqubo. Ukuba uphawu lokudibanisa lwandulela igama lephakheji (ngaphandle kwesithuba esimhlophe phakathi kwezi zimbini), iphakheji ekuthethwa ngayo iya kufakwa endaweni yokususwa.
kucoca Kuyafana nokususa, umahluko wokuba iipakeji ziya kususwa kwaye zicocwe (naziphi na iifayile zoqwalaselo ziya kususwa).

Ukubona ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokulunga kunye nokukhetha, sinokusebenzisa enye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokufumana uncedo, ngokubeka ikhonsoli:

$ man apt-get.

Uyintoni umahluko ngoko?

Ngokwenyani konke kuxhomekeke kusetyenziso umntu ngamnye alunika lona kunye nento ekufuneka bayenzile. Ngokukodwa ndihlala ndisebenzisa ubuchule, njengoko inokhetho oluninzi, kodwa ukuba kufuneka ndenze uphando, i-apt-cache inomdla ngakumbi kum. Kwakhona, ukufaneleka kunonxibelelwano lwekhonsoli:

Ndifundile kwezinye iindawo ukuba ukufaneleka ikwafaka ukuxhomekeka okucetyisiweyo, kwaye oko ukufumana ngokufanelekileyo faka nje ezo zicetyiswayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sizama ukufaka Ukuphicotha umzekelo, siya kubona ukuba ifaka iipakeji ezifanayo.

Masibone xa ufaka ubuchule nge ukufaneleka:

Ukufakwa kwesudo kufuneka kuhlolwe
Ezi phakheji zintsha zilandelayo ziya kufakwa:
  ii-plugins eziphicothayo (a} libaudclient2 {a} libaudcore1 {a} libbinio1ldbl {a} libcue1 {a} libfluidsynth1 {a} 
  libmcs1 {a} libmowgli2 {a} libreid-builder0c2a {a} libsidplay2 {a} unzip {a} 
Iiphakheji ezihlaziyiweyo ezi-0, ezifakiweyo ezili-12 ezintsha, i-0 yokususa kunye ne-0 engahlaziywa. Ndifuna ukukhuphela i-3494 kB yeefayile. Emva kokukhupha, i-11,0 MB iya kusetyenziswa.

kwaye ngoku nge ukufumana ngokufanelekileyo:

Sudo apt-fumana ufakelo oluqinisekileyo
Uluhlu lokufunda lwephakheji ... Yenziwe ukudala umthi oxhomekekileyo Ulwazi malunga nenqanaba lokufunda ... Kwenziwe ezi phakheji zilandelayo zongezelelweyo ziya kufakelwa:
  iiplagizi ezinesidima libaudclient2 libaudcore1 libbinio1ldbl inkululeko1 libfluidsynth1 libmcs1 libmowgli2 libreid-builder0c2a
  libsidplay2 unzip
Iiphakheji eziphakanyisiweyo:
  Iibmcs-backend-gconf libmcs-utils zip
Ezi phakheji zintsha zilandelayo ziya kufakwa:
  uphicotho lwe-plug-audible libaudclient2 libaudcore1 libbinio1ldbl ukukhulula1 libfluidsynth1 libmcs1 libmowgli2
  libreid-builder0c2a libsidplay2 unzip
0 ihlaziyiwe, i-12 iya kufakelwa, i-0 isuswe, kwaye i-0 ayihlaziywa. Ndifuna ukukhuphela i-3494 kB yeefayile. I-11,0 MB yendawo eyongezelelweyo yediski iya kusetyenziswa emva kwalo msebenzi.

Ukubona omnye umahluko sinokwenza uphando. Umzekelo, vula itheminali kunye nohlobo:

ukukhangela ukufaneleka kwe-ipod

kwaye emva koko

I-ip-cache yokukhangela ipod

Njengoko unokuluqonda uphando kunye i-apt-cache yayiyeyona yanelisayo. Kwindaba ye ukufaneleka, ikhangelwe kuphela ngegama lephakheji, nangona kunjalo, i-apt-cache ukhangele zonke iinkqubo okanye iipakeji ezinxulumene negama elithi ipod, ngokunokwenzeka yinkcazo yempahla nganye.

Izigqibo

Sebenzisa eyona ikulungeleyo. Kulula kum ukuba ndiyisebenzise ukufaneleka kuba ngumyalelo omnye, nangona kunjalo Wayenyanisile Kuya kufuneka ndisebenzise ukufumana ngokufanelekileyo o i-apt-cache ngokwetyala. Ukuba uyazi nayiphi na enye into eyahlukileyo, bayeke kwizimvo 😀