Ulwabiwo lweLinux yasimahla eyi-100%: Ngaba uya kuba okanye ungabi? Le yingxaki!
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwe «GNU» y «Linux», ubuninzi obuza kugcinwa ngabaphuhlisi bayo, amalungu, abasebenzisi kunye nabaxhasi, ibisoloko inguye ukubonelela ngeNkqubo yeNdalo njengemveliso, enye indlela, isisombululo esinokubakho, kuwo onke loo madoda kunye noluntu olunqwenela ukuzibona inkululeko yokusebenzisa, ukwabelana, ukulungisa okanye ukuhambisa ngokufanayo, amaxesha amaninzi ngokwembono yesisaNangona le yokugqibela, oko kukuthi, inkululeko, ayisiyonto inxulunyaniswe ngokungafaniyo nomgaqo wenkululeko.
Ukongeza kokubona isiqinisekiso sakho ukhuseleko kunye nemfihlo phambi kweemveliso zesoftware zobunini kunye nokuvalwa, yeenkampani noorhulumente ekungasoloko kukuvuyela ukuthembeka okuhle okanye iinjongo ezintle. Yiyo loo nto, ukusukela ekuqaleni kude kube namhlanje, kukho Ulwabiwo oluthembekileyo kumgaqo wokukhululeka nge-100%.
Izizathu zokuba kutheni, «GNU/Linux» iphumelele kwaye yazidibanisa kancinci kancinci ngaphakathi ezintliziyweni nasezizweni zamadoda nakwimibutho yoluntu, kangangokuba kwinqanaba lezamashishini, elezemibutho nelombutho, kumacandelo oluntu nawabucala, hayi ngenxa yobuncinci kodwa ngenxa eyona nto intle, ithatha yonke imihla ukubaluleka okwandayo kunye nokusetyenziswa okwandayo.
Kodwa, amaxesha amaninzi ngexabiso elihlala lithetha ukuba, ukuze isetyenziswe, igcwaliswa okanye iphinde izaliswe ziimveliso okanye izinto ze isoftware yokuthengisa kunye nokuvala, ezihlala zisebenza ngakumbi kwaye zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo «GNU/Linux», ukunceda iinkampani noorhulumente, kodwa zona ezinokuthi emva koko zithathe «libertad, seguridad y privacidad» kwabanye (abasebenzi, abasebenzisi, amadoda kunye neenkampani). Ke: yingxaki leyo!«¿Ser o no ser 100% libres?»
Panorama
Indawo yam
Kuqala, ndifuna ukuyenza icace into yokuba ezam isikhundla:
Inkxaso yam epheleleyo kunye nomnqweno wokubaluleka kumzamo owenziwe ngabo bonke abo baphuhlisi, amaqela kunye noluntu, abathatha ixesha kunye nomzamo, phantse ngalo lonke ixesha ngokuzithandela (ngaphandle kwentlawulo), egameni lamaxabiso axabisekileyo kwaye abalulekileyo aqulathwe kwiiNkululeko ze4 Isoftware yasimahla, ukubonelela ngeeNkqubo zokuSebenza zaSimahla, esekwe okanye hayi kwiLinux Kernel, kunye okanye ngaphandle kweenkqubo zeGNU, ezihambelana nale migaqo sele ikhankanyiwe.
Nangona kunjalo, ndiyayiqonda kwaye ndiyayixabisa imeko yayo efanelekileyo:
Bonke abo baphuhlisi, amaqela kunye noluntu ikakhulu, njengoluntu kunye nemibutho yabucala, engaphaya kweenjongo zabo ezinokubakho okanye ezinokubakho, bayasebenzisana okanye bazame ukuququzelela ukuphunyezwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziNikezelo kunye neeNkqubo zeSoftware eziSimahla neziVulekileyo, ngegalelo labaqhubi, I-firmware, iziqwenga zekhowudi, amaqonga, iinkonzo okanye usetyenziso, ezivaliweyo okanye ezivulekileyo, ezasimahla okanye ezabanini, zasimahla okanye ezihlawulelweyo, ukulungiselela ukufezekisa inguqu kunye nekamva kunye nokwamkelwa okukhulu kweSoftware yasimahla nevulekileyo.
Uluvo lwam
Ngale nto ndithetha ukuba khange ndizame ukuba ngu I-Purist, i-Extremist okanye i-a «Talibán del Software Libre», njengoko uninzi luthanda ukubiza abo kunzima ukubona into engekhoyo «100% Libre», bazisa iingcinga zabo zelenqe okanye uloyiko lwabo (olungenangqondo okanye hayi) ngaphezulu, ukuhlasela, ukuhlambalaza kunye / okanye ukuthuka abanye ngabanye okanye iiprojekthi ngokubanzi.
Ngokuqinisekileyo banokuba neziseko zoku, kodwa kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba unokukuthintela njani ukudlula, ngokwembumba yokudityaniswa okanye ukudibana. Ukuhlalisana kolungelelwaniso lwesahlulo esithile esincinci seSoftware yabucala kunye neValiweyo ngaphakathi kweSoftware yasimahla nevulekileyo, ukufuduka okungcono kunye nokusebenzayo ngakumbi kwihlabathi «100% Libre».
Wayekholelwa ukuba kukho indawo yakhe wonke umntuOko kukuthi, lowo okanye abo bafuna ukuphuhlisa, ukusebenzisa okanye ukukhuthaza «Distribuciones 100% Libres», kwaye lowo okanye abo bafuna ukuphuhlisa, ukusebenzisa okanye ukukhuthaza izisombululo ezixubeneyo ezihambelana neemfuno zabo, ngaphandle kokufuna «Guerra Santa» Itekhnoloji okanye umbono, okanye izinto ezincinci ezinje ngokuthukana okanye ukungcola omnye komnye.
Imeko yangoku
Kuya kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba okwangoku Ihlabathi le «Software Libre» kunye «Código Abierto»Untywiliselwe kakhulu kwi imibutho yoluntu neyabucala, Inika inani elikhulu labo lifuna izibonelelo zabo ukuba zisebenze ngokuchanekileyo. Kwaye ukufezekisa le njongo, bahlala bebhenela kuphuhliso lwangaphakathi okanye lwangaphandle, lwabucala okanye oluvaliweyo, ukuncedisa okanye ukusombulula oko «Software Libre» kunye «Código Abierto» ayikasombululwa okwangoku.
Uphuhliso kunye negalelo ezihlala zifumaneka kubo bonke abasebenzisi kunye namalungu oLuntu, ngenxa yokuba oovimba esazi ukuba «Ayisimahla (Ayinasimahla). Okanye ngamaphepha asemthethweni ewebhu abadali bayo okanye abaxhasi. Igalelo elinokuba njalo Simahla kunye / okanye evulekileyo, kwaye ayinxalenye ngokupheleleyo okanye simahla, oko kukuthi, bahlala benikezela ngesoftware yasimahla enezinto ezincitshisiweyo okanye ukusebenza kunye nolunye uguqulelo oluhlawulelweyo, kodwa olupheleleyo.
Idatha ebalulekileyo
Khomba okusishiya ne-panorama yangoku apho ishishini «Software Libre» kunye «Código Abierto», Ngaphandle kokuba isimahla kwaye isekwe eluntwini, ikwamele isiqwenga esikhulu seshishini elisesikweni xa kusiziwa kwingeniso. Ukusukela, ngokokuqikelelwa yingcali koku nyaka 2019, Ingxelo efanayo kulindeleke de 17.000 iidola ezigidi, kude kube phantse 33.000 izigidi Iidola kuye Unyaka ka-2022.
Okwangoku, uphando lweRed Hat luthi:
I-68% yemibutho ikwandisile ukusebenzisa kwayo umthombo ovulekileyo kwaye i-59% ijonge ukuqhubeka nokukhula.
Iingcali ezininzi zitsho njalo Ihlabathi ngoku lihleli kwisigaba segolide se «Software Libre» kunye «Código Abierto», njenge:
I-43% yemibutho emikhulu sele isebenzisa imithombo evulekileyo ekudityanisweni kwezicelo zayo kwaye i-42% ithi izisombululo zemithombo evulekileyo ziyinxalenye yesicwangciso sazo sotshintsho kwidijithali.
Isiphelo
Njengoko sibona, el «Software Libre» kunye «Código Abierto» iyakhula kwaye yomeleze, kananjalo ngenkxaso ethe ngqo okanye engathanga ngqo ye Imibutho yoluntu kunye neyabucala, kunye nesimahla kunye / okanye ubunini, ukuvalwa kunye / okanye ukuvula, iminikelo yasimahla kunye / okanye iintlawulo kuyo.
Yintoni engathinteli okanye yonakalise, ukuba kwinqanaba lomntu okanye ngokudibeneyo kunye nokuthanda nganye, kuqhubeke nokuxhasa, ukukhuthaza, okanye ukubheja kuphuhliso olusulungekileyo, Oko kukuthi, las «Distribuciones 100% Libres», apho zininzi kwaye ziyakhula ngenani kunye nomgangatho.
Ewe yinjongo yakho ngaphaya kokugxekwa okufanelekileyo okanye akunjalo, ngomnye umbono ohamba ngokufanayoSiyakumema ukuba uphonononge Uluhlu olusemthethweni lwe-100% yokuSimahla kwaSimahla kwiFree Software Foundation (FSF) isekwe kwi-GNU, a Uluhlu olungafunekiyo lwe-100% ye-Distros yasimahla engasebenzisi i-GNU (qinisekisa umxholo wayo kunye nokunyaniseka) kunye / okanye ufunde upapasho lwethu lwangaphambili olunxulumene nomxholo, obizwa ngokuba: Ulwabiwo lweLinux lwe100% yasimahla.
Ukuphumla, sishiya uluvo lwakho ngalo mbandela ukuze sonke siwazi kwaye sixoxe ngawo eluntwini.
Oku kubonakala ngathi kuya kwibhlog yeMasLinix. Ngokoluvo lwam, ukukhuselwa kwenkululeko kubonakala kubalulekile kum kwaye apho sine-FSF yokucebisa ukwabiwa kokuziphatha okuhle njengoTrisquel. Umsebenzisi woBuntu uya kuhlala ebonakala enesimilo ngakumbi komnye weMoco $ oft. Mna ngokwam andizukucebisa okanye ndisebenzise ukusasazwa kwe-hybrid njengoManjaro okanye i-Ubunto kwimilinganiselo yokuziphatha, kodwa ndiya kuyikhusela kwaye ndikukhuthaze ukuba uzame. Umbuliso.
Eso sisimo sengqondo, oko kukuthi, njengoko ndibonakalisile: "Inkxaso yam iyonke kunye nomnqweno wobungangamsha kumzamo ..." ukuya kwi-100% yeSoftware yasimahla nevulekileyo. Ngaphandle kokugweba, ukugweba i-priori njengobubi, iMacavavellian okanye iyelenqe nakweyiphi na imizamo okanye ukuqiniswa kwangaphandle, ziinkampani noorhulumente beSoftware yasimahla, nokuba oko kuthetha okwethutyana ukusebenzisa into yobunini okanye evaliweyo, ngelixa i-SL isombulula ngokupheleleyo into emayisombulule. Nabani na ofuna ukusebenzisa i-100% ngokugqwesileyo, nabani na ofuna ukusebenzisa into eyi-hybrid nayo. Oko kundenza ndigxininise ukuba baninzi abasebenzisi beWindows abasebenzisa iiWindows kuphela kwaye enye isimahla, enje ngeOfisi yokuZenzekelayo, iBrowsers, iiPDF zabaFundi, abaHleli beMifanekiso, phakathi kwezinye izinto ezininzi. Kengoku ntoni? Ikwangabaqhekeki be-SL bokuyisebenzisa kwiWindows okanye kwi-Mac. Kungenxa yoko le nto ndigxininisa, ukubaxa izinto ezimbi kubi.
Ndiqale ngolwabiwo lwe-GNU / Linux olunezinto zobunini, kodwa ixesha ngalinye ndiyazinciphisa, kwaye okwethutyana nditshintshela kunikezelo lwasimahla.
Ewe kunendlela yokuziphatha ukusebenzisa Ubuntu kuneWindows. Kodwa kufuneka uzabalaze kwaye uzincame ukuze ufumane inkululeko oyifunayo.
Kwaye kubalulekile ukuba wazise ngokwakho. Abantu abaninzi abasebenzisa Ubuntu kunye nolunye usasazo lwe-GNU / Linux abazi ngezizathu zeSoftware yasimahla.
Ndiyabulisa Igor! Enkosi ngempendulo yakho ephumeleleyo.
Nalu udideko lwamagama. Ingabonakala kuwe into okanye umntu othile ngokuziphatha okanye okungaphantsi kokuziphatha. Kodwa unemilinganiselo yokuziphatha okanye awukho kwaye ayixhomekekanga kuxabiso lwakho.
Ngoku, ukusetyenziswa okanye hayi kwesoftware yasimahla akunanto yakwenza nokuziphatha kwaye kubonakala kum ngokukodwa ukuba akukho mntu kufanele agwetywe ukuba uyayisebenzisa okanye akayisebenzisi iLinux okanye iiWindows. Umama, umzekelo, usebenzisa iWindows kuba ikhompyuter esiyithengileyo yavela kumzi-mveliso naleyo ifakiweyo, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba ayinasimilo (okanye isimilo njengoko usibiza njalo) kunawe usebenzisa iLinux.
Kwimeko yam, ndiyingcali kwindawo yolwazi yeOracle. Ndisebenzisa isoftware ephathekayo kuba yile nto indondlayo kwaye ndixhasa usapho lwam.
Ngapha koko, akukho ngqiqweni ukuba ucalucalulo usebenzisa iMicrosoft ungayazi imeko. Ndiyathandabuza ukuba ukuba solvency yakho yezemali ixhomekeke kuphela ekusebenziseni isoftware kaMicrosoft, indlela ojonga ngayo isoftware yobunini iya kuhlala injalo.
Yiyo loo nto ndinyanzelisa, ndigqwesa abo basebenzisa, baxhasa kwaye baxhasa i-SL kodwa ngaphandle kokuwela kwingozi yokuthintela icala elisebenzisa i-SP emsulwa okanye exutywe ne-SL, kuba ekupheleni kosuku, sonke siqala apho, kwaye yisebenzise ngomlinganiselo omkhulu okanye omncinci ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo kunye nezizathu.
Inqaku njengesiqhelo linomdla kakhulu. Iyaziwa ngabo bonke (ubuncinci ngubani ofuna ukwazi kancinci malunga nesoftware yasimahla) esetyenziselwa ukulawula izixhobo ezithile (oomabonakude abakhaliphileyo, iirouters, iimoto, njl. Njl.) Kuba isoftware iyafuneka ukulawula ukusebenza kwayo kunye nomthombo okhululekileyo novulekileyo isoftware isimahla kwaye iyafumaneka ukuba ihlelwe njengoko iqela elinomdla linomdla.
Ukusetyenziswa oko akuthethi ukuba kuyaziwa, yiyo loo nto kungekho mntu waziyo ukuba isoftware yasimahla iyasetyenziswa xa ungayenzi kwaye awuyazi ngaphandle kokuba ungene emanzini kwiimeko ezininzi ukuze ukwazi ukufumana malunga nedatha esele ichaziwe. Ngale nto bafumana ukuba isoftware yokuthengisa ibonakala ngakumbi, ethathwa njengeyona inenzuzo kuba ihlala ixabisa.
Le nyaniso ikhankanywe yiLinux Post Install luluvo olunxulunyaniswa nesoftware yasimahla eyaziwayo ngakumbi kwisoftware yasimahla kunokuba simahla, nangona ayinyanzelekanga ukuba simahla. Ndiyakwazi ukuqonda ukuba isimahla (kunye nengcebiso yomnikelo wokuzithandela) kukwenza ukuba ibe nomtsalane ngakumbi kumsebenzisi ongaziyo ukuba yeyiphi isoftware yasimahla kodwa kuba isimahla ukuba banokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwabo (imeko emele kakhulu ngu: LibreOffice). Ukwaphula lo mbutho "uyimfuneko" wesoftware yasimahla =, isoftware, ukuzibophelela komsebenzisi kunye nefilosofi kuyimfuneko ukuze athambekele ekwenzeni uhlobo oluthile lomnikelo, nokuba kungumfuziselo (€ 1 ukuba nangona kubonakala kulihlazo ukuba baninzi abasebenzisi kwaye isenzo asisencinci, umanyano lwenza amandla).
Indawo efanelekileyo iya kuba simahla nge-100% kwinkqubo yokusebenza (ukuhanjiswa) kunye nenqanaba lesicelo, kwelinye icala kukho into elusizi yentsimbi kunye nezinye izinto (iifomathi, iikhowudi ...) ezenza ukuba sixhomekeke kubunini bezinto Kwinkqubo kunye nokusetyenziswa kuba ukuba ayenziwanga ayinako ukunika amava omsebenzisi anelisayo.
Ngaphandle kwamava anelisayo, isoftware yasimahla ayithandeki, okwangoku ndingathanda ukwenza iinzame ezenziwe yi-distros ezinje ngeLinux Mint okanye iKDENeon endiyaziyo ngokusondeleyo, ukuba ngohlobo ngalunye kuyabonakala ukuba izinto zongezwa njani ukuba abantu abangenamava kwi-GNU / Linux kulula kubo, ubuncinci kwinxalenye ebachukumisayo.
Ngamafutshane, ndinqwenela ukuba ungaphila kumhlaba okhululekileyo oyi-100% kodwa namhlanje ndiyazisola ngokuba yi-utopia, ngeSoftware yasimahla onokuzama ngayo nangona ungasoloko ufumana imingxunya engenakoyiswa, umzekelo, ukuba unesidingo esingxamisekileyo ( okanye loo nto okanye nantoni na) ukusebenzisa iapps yobumnini, engenalo uguqulelo lwe-GNU / Linux kuba uyacaphuka; Ngomhlaba we-100% yasimahla kwinkqubo kunye nakwinqanaba lokufaka izicelo, le ngxaki ayinakubakho, kodwa asikho kwelo hlabathi, olo hlanga, ngelishwa.
Izimvo ezigqwesileyo! Kwaye ndiyavuma, okwangoku i-100% yeKhompyuter yeKhompyuter yasimahla isasebenza, ngakumbi kwinqanaba leKhompyutha. Ngelixa siza kuqhubeka ukuqhubela phambili kwaye sixhase ukukhula nokwandiswa kwe-SL de siphumelele nge-100%, ngokuxhaswa okanye ngaphandle kwenkxaso yemibutho yoluntu kunye neyabucala, nokuba ikwimigangatho okanye iinjongo ezinokubakho.
Ukuphindaphindwa kolu mbhali kwalo mbhali kuyamangalisa, kwezinye iindawo uncoma umsebenzi we-GNU kunye nezixhobo zayo kwaye komnye umhlathi ujongela phantsi umsebenzi wakhe noluntu lwakhe; akusekho nto yokunika izimvo.
Ukugqwesa lonke inqaku apho lithathwa ngokungathí sina kwaye lingathathi cala, njengoko kufanelekile! Imibuliso.
Kukho intetho eninzi malunga nesoftware kwaye kuncinci malunga nezixhobo zentsimbi kunye neziphumo zayo, eyona nto ikhubekisayo yile nto iyiyo. Kwikhompyuter yam, akunakwenzeka ukufaka i-100% yenkqubo yasimahla, ngamanye amaxesha ukufuna akunamandla.
Kananjalo asinakulibala ukuba ukufumana iPC ehambelana nayo kusisithuba sobuchwephesha kunye nokuzincama. Ukufika kumhla akunakwenzeka, imibingelelo emininzi kakhulu ...
Ukubulisa
Yinyani enkulu. Enkosi ngengcaciso yakho, uJosé Miguel.