Da kyau, wannan shine ɗayan waɗannan mahimman bayanai waɗanda ba zan iya watsi da su ba kafin fara jagorar shigarwa ta Gentoo 🙂 Na san cewa da yawa za su riga sun sa ido ga wannan sakon, kuma ku yi nadamar sa ku jira, amma kuma na yi la’akari da cewa ban bayyana wannan a tsanake ba. a kan matsayina na mai amfani da Gentoo 😛 Ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba, bari mu fara.
Menene kwaya?
Kernel daidai shine ɓangaren Linux na kowane rarraba, shine shirin da yake bamu damar sadar da kowane kayan masarufi akan kwamfutarmu da shirye shiryen da muke gudanarwa akansu. Wanda ya kirkireshi, Linus Torvalds, ya yanke shawarar sakin shi a ƙarƙashin lasisin GPL kuma godiya gareshi, da aikin GNU, yanzu zamu iya jin daɗin rarrabawa da iri da yawa da zamu zaba. An rubuta shi mafi yawa a cikin C, tare da ɗan Majalisar nan da can, kuma a yau shine mafi girman aikin software kyauta, tare da dubban masu haɓakawa da ke aiki a kanta, masu sha'awar sha'awa da ƙwararru, kuma suna kula da layi ci gaba da haɓaka ci gaba na tsawon shekaru yanzu. Anan ne shafi na hukuma na kernel don haka za su iya duban zurfin ciki.
Lafiyar ka a Gentoo?
Da kyau, kamar yadda ake tsammani a cikin Gentoo, akwai zaɓuɓɓukan kwaya da yawa, a nan akwai ƙananan jerin don ku sami mafi kyawun abin da nake nufi:
- gentoo-tushe: Kernel 4.12 tare da faci na musamman don Linux Linux.
- git-kafofin: An saukar da kwaya kai tsaye daga wurin ajiyar Linus Git.
- vanilla-tushe: Cikakken kwaya ba tare da wani faci ba.
- xbox-tushe: Cikakken kwaya don Xbox Linux.
- zen-kafofin: Zaman kwaya mai rai
- ...
Don cikakken jerin na bar muku mahaɗin wiki inda zaka iya samun duk kernels din da Gentoo ke rike dasu a wuraren ajiye su. (komai ya kare da shi -suwa)
Ina da lambar, yanzu menene?
Da kyau, ba kamar sauran sauran kayan kunshin Linux ba, kwaya NO An sabunta, an shigar dashi. Wannan yana ba mu damar samun kernel masu yawa a cikin tsarinmu a lokaci guda, ba shakka, koyaushe kuna iya gudu ɗaya kawai a lokaci guda. Don tattara shi, ya zama dole a yi amfani da kayan aikin da muka riga muka tattauna a cikin rubutun baya. Amma tunda a cikin Gentoo al'umma suna yin 80% na aikinku, zamuyi hanya mafi sauki 😉
genkernel-na gaba:
Bari in gabatar muku da wani kayan aiki mai kyau great ana kiransa genkernel-next, kuna iya samun sa a wuraren ajiyar Gentoo.
Jerin zaɓuɓɓuka sun fi girma, amma ga wasu zaɓuɓɓukan da na fi so. Daya daga cikin mahimman matakai yayin girka Gentoo shine saiti na kwaya, wannan zai ba ka damar cin riba daga kwamfutarka kuma a lokaci guda ka guji duk ƙarin nauyin da yawancin kernel ɗin da aka riga aka shirya suke da shi.
CLI da GUI:
Kamar yadda zaku iya tsammani, daidaitaccen kwaya yana da hanyoyi daban-daban na yin zaɓuɓɓuka all ko'ina cikin wurin, abin ban mamaki ne kawai. Ga wasu daga cikin hotunan yadda zaɓuɓɓukan suke:
genkernel –xconfig duka
Nasa Christopher Diaz Riveros
genkernel –qconfig duka
genkernel –nconfig duka
genkernel –menuconfig duka (na fi so)
Mai girma, amma ta yaya zan sami abubuwa?
Tambaya mai hikima wacce kowa ke tambayar kansa yanzunnan. Idan ba kwa son yin layin layi-layi, tuna cewa «/ » da "? " Su abokanka ne a kan wannan aika aikar. Amma tunda ya fi kyau gani fiye da karantawa, na nuna muku abin da nake nufi da wannan.
A ce muna buƙatar bincika mai sarrafa mu, kernel yana goyan bayan Intel da amd, kuma namu shine Intel. Idan ka danna / (slash), zai kai mu zuwa menu mai zuwa:
Mai girma, yanzu bari muga sihirin yana aiki 🙂
Babban! Yanzu muna da jerin jeri tare da duk bayanan da muke buƙata, sunan fasaha na kundin, hanyar, nau'in ƙimar, da dai sauransu. Kuma yanzu tambaya ... ta yaya zan isa wurin? Hakanan mai sauqi ne! idan muka kalli bangaren hagu, muna da lambobi a cikin sakonni. Latsa ɗayansu kuma zaku ga sihirin ya sake faruwa.
Da sauri kamar wannan! Mun riga mun kasance a wurin da muke buƙata. Amma ... jira, na gaya muku hakan ? abokinka ne, shin ka tuna? Da kyau bari muga me zai faru idan mun danna? yanzunnan.
Takaitaccen bayanin tsarin, zabin sa da dogaro 🙂 duk a yatsan ku. Da zarar an gama bincikenka, zaka iya fita. Kuna iya lura cewa saman sandar ya koma layin Bincike (intel), idan ka sake fita, zai dawo maka da babban menu inda zaka fara sabon bincike.
Abin da za a motsa kuma menene ba?
A wannan lokacin ya kamata ku riga kun ji da ƙarfi gabaɗaya, saboda kun sami wani abu da fewan Adam kaɗan ke yi a rayuwarsu, suna tattara kwaya. Barka da warhaka! Amma yanzu tambaya ta taso… me yakamata in gyara? Cewa abokina, abu ne wanda kai kadai zaka iya ganowa, amma tabbas zan iya baka wasu shawarwari da zasu taimake ni sosai:
Tsoho yana aiki
Kamar yadda yake tare da duk shirye-shirye, an saita Linux don aiki tare da saitunan tsoho. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa koda baku son saita komai, lokacin tattarawa zaku sami kwaya mai aiki.
Idan baka san shi ba, to karka motsa shi
Wannan wani abu ne wanda watakila mafi yawan mashahuri zasuyi watsi dashi. Yana da kyau a sami damar saurin kewayawa ta hanyar zabin, amma idan kuna da sha'awar sanin yadda injinku yake tunani, karanta kowane zabi shine babbar hanyar da zaku saba da ra'ayin. Tunatarwa koyaushe abin da kuka canza da bincika ko kwatanta tare da mai bincike ana ba da shawarar sosai.
Babban nauyi yana kan direbobi
Yawancin direbobi da yawa ana ɗora su ta hanyar tsoho, wannan yana sa kwaya ta yi nauyi. Misali, kawai don katunan hanyar sadarwa, akwai kusan direbobi 10 na hukuma a cikin kwaya, kuma rarrabawa da yawa suna tattara duka 10, ko fiye, amma a zahiri za ku yi amfani da ɗaya ne kawai a kan kwamfutarku (lura cewa don Wi-Fi akwai wani sashe daban daban). Idan kanaso ka rage nauyin kwayar ka sosai, zabinka na farko yana nan. Don wannan, abokanka mafi kyau zasu kasance lspci, maikura, y Google. Da wannan zaka iya samun cikakkiyar fahimta game da abin da tsarinka yake da shi kuma kawai ka bar mahimman direbobi su sa shi aiki. Misali na bar aikin lspci na:
Da wannan zan iya samun cikakken bayani mai mahimmanci, kamar mai kula da hanyar sadarwata, mai kula da Wi-Fi, rumbun kwamfutarka na SATA, da sauran abubuwa da yawa da ke taimaka mini rage nauyin kwayata.
Duba sosai cewa kuna tattara abin da ya cancanta tare da *
Godiya ta sake zuwa ga abokin tarayyarmu njord, wani mahimmin mahimmanci wanda na manta ban ambace shi ba saboda motsin rai 🙂
Ya kamata kuma a ambata cewa akwai siffofin kwaya da ya kamata a haɗa da su a ciki (*), wasu kuma ana iya ɗaukar su azaman kayayyaki (M). Na tuna farkon kwayata da na harhada, ina so in bar goyon bayanta a matsayin matattara, yaushe rayuwa zata yi aiki?!?! xD ...
Tabbas, idan kwayar ku na buƙatar wani abu don aiki, bazai iya zama a koyaushe. Ta hanyar tsoho, kayayyaki suna lodawa bayan kwaya ta yi duk aikin farawa. Idan kwayar ku tana buƙatar wani abu don farawa, zai fi kyau a tattaro shi maimakon matsayin module … Wacce ta sake kawo mu ga batun farko "Ku?" shine abokin mu 😉
A takaice:
Yanzu tunda kun dan nutsa a cikin duniyar kernel kadan, ina tsammanin na riga na sadu da wata muhimmiyar matsala da ake buƙata don iya samar da ~ 20-step Gentoo shigar jagora 🙂 amma idan na sami wani abu a can zanyi ƙoƙarin bayyanawa kafin kawai saki cikin iska.
Gaisuwa kuma zan bar muku wasu sakonnin na idan kun rasa su:
Kyakkyawan matsayi kamar koyaushe.
Ga kuma hatsin yashi na: Don kwayayen mu suyi aiki yadda yakamata dole ne mu daidaita shi da kayan aikin mu, saboda haka dole ne mu sanshi sosai. A wannan dalilin dole ne mu ga 'lspci' da 'lsusb' a matsayin manyan hanyoyin samun bayanai. Kuma idan muna buƙatar wani abu mafi takamaiman, zan bar muku wannan shafin, wanda ya fitar da ni daga matsala a cikin lokuta fiye da ɗaya https://kmuto.jp/debian/hcl/
Ya kamata kuma a ambata cewa akwai siffofin kwaya da ya kamata a haɗa da su a ciki (*), wasu kuma ana iya ɗaukar su azaman kayayyaki (M). Na tuna farkon kwayata da na harhada, ina so in bar goyon bayanta a matsayin matattara, yaushe rayuwa zata yi aiki?!?! xD ...
Na gode!
Daidai njord, don haka wannan post ɗin bazai zama mai misaltawa ba idan baku san HW da kuke da shi ba, a matsayin shawarwarin yana da mahimmanci ziyarci shafin masana'anta kuma karanta tare da taimakon kernel kanta game da matakan da zasu iya muku aiki, ƙarƙashin waɗannan tsokaci Na kara wani mahada a cikin shafin yanar gizan ku inda zaku iya sauke fayil din saiti na ci gaba na babban tankin Hp 23-p132la, ina fatan hakan zai taimaka kuma da fatan masu amfani da yawa za su raba wadannan fayilolin tare da aikace-aikace daban-daban a cikin HW.
Barka dai aboki, Ina son labaranku, shine yasa nayi rajistar shafinku na dogon lokaci. Hakanan na raba bidiyo a cikin abin da ba a sani ba na shiga cikin sirrin mutum, amma ina farin cikin bin wannan jerin labaran.
Taya murna akan shafin yanar gizan ku.
Ina kawai tambayar ku wata alfarma: Kada a loda hotuna a cikin * .bmp, tunda haɗin da nake da shi ya ɗan yi jinkiri kuma mai bincike na yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don ɗaukar hotuna masu nauyi, don haka ina ba ku shawarar ku sauya hotunan zuwa * .png ko * .jpg.
Na gode.
Kash, yi hakuri 🙂 amma na gode sosai da kika nuna, banyi tunani game da shi ba kuma duk da yake na ɗan kware a Gentoo, har yanzu ban mallaki wannan batun na shafukan yanar gizo sosai ba 😛 amma daga yanzu zanyi ƙoƙarin canza fasalin, Kullum ina yanka ne kawai tare da Shutter kuma ina loda su kai tsaye, don kar inyi nauyi a kungiya ta, amma kuma zan yi la’akari da nauyin ku for Gaisuwa kuma na gode sosai da ra'ayoyin ku, suna ƙarfafa ni in ci gaba rubutawa, Dama ina da kyautar karshen mako 🙂
Ina ganin jerin labaran da kuke rubutawa suna da ban sha'awa sosai. Na taɓa sanya Gentoo a matsayin abin sha'awa, amma koyaushe ina da matsaloli dubu da ɗaya, ba da gaske sarrafa yawancin abin da na aikata da yaudarar abubuwa don barin hanyata ba. Ko da hakane, Na sami nasarar gani a cikin yunƙuri na da yawa cewa wannan zai zama rarrabuwa wanda zan tsaya a ciki idan na sami damar samun kyakkyawan ƙira da daidaito da kuma sarrafa shi. A yanzu haka ina kan Fedora, kodayake ban gamsu da Fedorian ba. Ni dan wani abu ne kamar masanin Gentoo: «Larry saniya ta dan yi takaici
a halin yanzu rarraba Linux…
Har sai da na gwada Gentoo Linux. »
Na bar muku 'yan' tukwici 'guda biyu na labarinku na gaba, idan kuna jin daɗin taɓa su musamman kuma hakan ya samo asali ne daga nawa shakku:
- Gentoo yana da madaidaicin ma'aji, amma duk da haka akwai takamaiman abubuwan da basa ciki; kasancewa wasu shirye-shiryen kimiyya ko wasu takamaiman abubuwa. Zai zama mai ban sha'awa sanin da farko yadda zamu iya shigar da abin da baza mu iya samu a wurin ajiyar ku ba. Na sani amma ban fahimta sosai game da wanzuwar "overlays" ba. Debian tana da hukuma da kuma shawarar da ta dace don shigar da software wacce ba ta cikin rumbun ajiyar su, shin akwai wani abu makamancin haka a Gentoo? Menene zai zama mafi kyawun hanyar shigarwa ba tare da kayan gargajiya ba ./configure && make && make install?
- A ƙarshe, babbar matsalata lokacin girka Gentoo tazo ne bayan sake farawa wanda na fara fuskantar na'ura mai kwakwalwa ba tare da an saita cibiyar sadarwa ba. Lamarin takaici ne, tunda ban fahimci yadda ake tayar da Wi-Fi daga can ba. Zai zama mai ban sha'awa sosai sanin yanayin koyawa menene takamaiman matakai don aiwatar dashi kuma don ci gaba da girka tebur da sauran abubuwan amfani. A cikin abubuwan da nayi na baya abin da nayi shine na sanya Gnome da komai daga chroot na tsarin shigar tsarin; gyara, zo.
Babu wani abu kuma. Godiya a gare ku riga DesdeLinux don waɗannan labaran game da rarrabawa wanda ba na al'ada ba ne kuma duk da haka yana da ban sha'awa.
Af, kuma tuni na zage ku da ƙari kaɗan: Kullum ina karantawa game da Gentoo daga ƙwararrun masanan IT kamar ku, masu shirye-shirye, tsarin ko injiniyoyin cibiyar sadarwa, da dai sauransu. Amma ban taɓa ganin ra'ayi daga mai amfani da ƙarshen amfani da distro ba; Shin Gentoo kyakkyawa ne ga wannan mai amfani, wanda, ban sani ba, mai daukar hoto ne, ko karatun kimiyyar muhalli ko kayan kere kere, ko kuma kawai yana son Steam,…? (Ina tsammanin kun fahimci abin da nake nufi)
Na gode sosai ChrisADR da gaisuwa mai kyau
To, an rubuta buƙatunku 🙂 yanzu tunda na gama jagorar shigarwa mataki-mataki, zaku bani kwana biyu saboda ina da jarabawar satifiket a wannan Asabar ɗin (LFSC na Linux Foundation) kuma Dole ne in shirya don sauran kwanakin nan. Game da Overlays, sun zama kamar AUR a Arch, wurin da masu amfani zasu iya ƙirƙirar buɗaɗɗen kansu, wani batun da ya rage yana jiran cikakken matsayi. Kuma a lokaci guda kuma akwai matakan shigarwa na yau da kullun, waɗanda suke da bambanci kamar yadda akwai yashi a bakin rairayin bakin teku ... amma wannan ma ga wani matsayi 😉 Game da masu amfani, a cikin Gentoo akwai ɗan komai, akwai mutane ne masu wasa (tsohon salon, saboda ba ni da 100% idan Steam yana cikin babban wurin ajiyar mu), akwai Masu fashin kwamfuta waɗanda ke da nasu abubuwan Gentoo na Pentesting, Pentoo ... Na san wasu abokan aiki a cikin al'umma waɗanda suke ba lallai bane injiniyoyi, ko masanan lissafi ba, kuma da kyau, suna da kyau 🙂 Har ila yau akwai ƙarin masana kimiyya da ayyuka a kan ilimin ƙasa, ko ma addini ... a takaice, akwai ɗan komai a cikin Gentoo, ga kowane dandano, tunda falsafa tana ba da dama mu zabi 🙂 bada jimawa ba zan kara rubuta wasu labarai kuma zanyi kokarin rufe shakku 🙂 Gaisuwa
. A matsayina na mai amfani na Gentoo mai kyau ni ne, a tsawon lokaci zaka lura, lokuta da yawa dole ne muyi tunani "daga akwatin" kuma idan hakan ya hada da wata ko wata fasaha a can, to mai girma 😉 zaku ganta a cikin jagoran girke na Gentoo hakan zai fito bada jimawa ba 🙂
Yaya game da abokin tarayya ... goyan bayan motsinku ... a nan ne saita ... don "Hp Pavilion 23-p132la + AMD A10-7800 Radeon R7"
http://jgarcia.my-place.us/?page_id=585
A halin yanzu ina binciken yadda aka tsara gwamna… duk taimako ya zama maraba…
Madalla! Na gode sosai da kuka raba abubuwan da kuka samu tare da sauran al'umma, ba tare da wata shakka ba rubutuna ba 100% daidai bane ko kuma cikakke ne, saboda ina ganin a irin wannan yanayi yafi kyau a rubuta cikakken littafi 😛 amma aƙalla ina fatan wannan zai farka da sha'awar ɗayan kuma don haka ya sami damar barin wasu ayyukan gida ga kowane ɗayansu cikin lokacin hutu 😉 Gaisuwa da godiya
Sannu
Shin kuna lura da bambanci sosai tsakanin tattara kirnel ko kernels binary?
Misali a cikin rufi akwai wannan ebuild:
http://gpo.zugaina.org/Overlays/betagarden/sys-kernel/debian-sources-bin
Na gode.
Don ba ku ɗan ra'ayi, Abokanmu na Linux Daga Scratch suna da wannan don faɗi game da gini.
«Mun shigar da tsarin da ya isa kawai don tafiyar da sabar yanar gizo ta Apache; duka amfani da sararin faifai kusan 8 MB. Tare da ci gaba da tsiri, ana iya saukar da shi zuwa MB 5 ko ƙasa da haka. »[1]
Fassara zuwa Sifaniyanci ya ce sun gudanar da gudanar da sabar Apache a cikin 8MB kawai, wanda har ma yakai 5MB. Mafi yawan wannan sararin samaniya kwaya ce kawai, don haka idan kuna son tsarin da yake yin abu ɗaya musamman, ko kuma yana amfani da kayan aikin ku kawai. 10M kwaya tana baka damar samun ragowar RAM (tuna cewa kwaya tana gudana a cikin RAM duk lokacin da kake amfani da kwamfutarka). Baya ga tsaro da sauran fa'idodi na samun ƙirar al'ada, zaku iya ganin ci gaba mai mahimmanci a sararin samaniya. Wanne na iya shafar saurin kuma.
gaisuwa
[1] http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/
Sannu
Na zazzage mataki na 3 a cikin babban fayil kuma bayan aiki tare na ɗauka na yi ƙoƙari na fito-da-tushe amma shin aikin yana ɗaukar awanni? bayan rabin sa'a, saƙonni kamar
/ usr / Linux / gentoo-kafofin 4.12.12 / baka / hannu / *
Shin ya ragu sosai kuma ya tsaya awanni ɗaya ko akwai wani zaɓi da za a yi da sauri? tunda wannan ya fito ne kawai ya bar asalin don daga baya ya tattara su tare da zaɓuɓɓukan.
Gaisuwa.
Barka dai Fernan, da kyau ban taɓa ƙoƙarin girka na'urar sarrafa hannu ba. Na fahimci cewa ya dogara da sigar RPi (idan kuna amfani da ɗaya) USB da bas ɗin intanet suna haɗuwa, don haka lokacin saukarwa na iya zama ya fi tsayi fiye da yadda aka saba. (Koda a kan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ta I7, lokacin saukar da kwaya a cikin maɓallin ajiya yana da kusan minti 4 zuwa 5)
Da kyau, ban san yadda kuka saba da batun ba, amma kuna iya tattara komai a kan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da ke da ƙarfi sosai kuma ku ba da shi wanda aka harhada shi zuwa na'urar ƙarshe, wanda zai taimaka da yawa game da batun lokaci.
gaisuwa