Yadda ake girka sabar yanar gizo tare da Nginx + MySQL + PHP5 + APC + Spawn_FastCGI [Sashe Na Biyu: Nginx]

7 minti

Wani lokaci da ya wuce Na gaya muku game da wannan jerin koyarwar, kan yadda ake girka da saita sabar don babban biyan buƙata. Wannan labarin zai kasance game da shigarwa da daidaitawa Nginx:

Nginx:

Mun riga munyi magana game da Nginx kafin a labarin Nginx: Madadi mai ban sha'awa ga Apache, A can mun gaya muku cewa sabar yanar gizo ce kamar Apache, LightHttpd ko Cherokee, amma idan aka kwatanta da Apache ya fito fili don aikinsa da ƙarancin amfani da kayan aiki, daidai dalilin da yasa yawancin manyan shafuka irin su Facebook, MyOpera.com, DropBox ko ma WordPress .com amfani da Nginx maimakon Apache. A cikin duniyar Linux DesdeLinux Ba shine kaɗai ke amfani da Nginx ba, kamar yadda na sani, emsLinux da MuyLinux suma suna amfani da shi :)

Kwarewar kaina tare da Nginx ta dawo ne shekaru da yawa, lokacin da larura na fara neman wasu abubuwa masu sauƙin nauyi zuwa Apache. A wancan lokacin Nginx yana zuwa sigar 0.6 kuma dacewarsa tare da manyan wuraren buƙatun da aka sanya a cikin PHP ba shine mafi kyau ba, amma yau daga sigar 0.9 zuwa gaba (v1.2.1 yana samuwa akan Debian Stable, v1.4.2 yana samuwa akan ArchLinux) ya inganta sosai, har zuwa ma'anar cewa tare da daidaitaccen tsari da haɗin Nginx + PHP komai zaiyi aiki kamar fara'a.

A cikin wannan jerin koyarwar Zan yi amfani da sigar Nginx 1.2.1-2.2, akwai a cikin Debian Stable repos (Wheezy).

Wannan koyarwar tana magana ne kawai game da Nginx, ba game da Nginx + PHP ba, za a magance ƙungiyar Nginx + PHP tare da haɓakawa ko daidaitaccen tsarin a cikin gaba koyawa

1. Girkawa:

Zamu fara da abu na farko, girka Nginx daga wuraren ajiye mu.

Duk umarnin da za'a zartar ana aiwatar dasu tare da izini na tushe, ko dai ta hanyar sanya sudo a farkon kowane layi ko kuma shiga ciki azaman tushe

Idan kan sabar ka kayi amfani da rarraba kamar Debian, Ubuntu ko wasu abubuwan da aka samo a cikin tashar dole ne ka sanya wadannan ka latsa Shigar :

aptitude install nginx

ba a shigar da ƙwarewa ba ta hanyar tsoho a cikin Ubuntu, duk da haka ina ba da shawarar ku girka shi kuma ku yi amfani da shi maimakon apt-get, saboda ƙwarewa yana yin kyakkyawan kula da abin dogaro a wasu lokuta

Idan kuna amfani da wani rarraba akan sabarku kamar CentOS, Red Hat, Fedora, kawai shigar da kunshin: nginx daga ma'ajiyar hukuma

Da kaina, ban ba da shawarar wani abu na Debian ba, har ma da Ubuntu don sabobin, tsawon shekarun abubuwan da na samu ba su gamsar da ni gaba ɗaya. Abinda na zaba na farko ga tsarin aikin sabar shine Debian, to zanyi tunanin CentOS, a karshe wasu BSD

2. Kanfigareshan:

Mun riga mun shigar da Nginx, amma a fili muna buƙatar saita shi. Na shirya fayil ɗin da aka matsa akan FTP wanda ya ƙunshi duk saitunan da ake amfani da su akan sabar. DesdeLinux, duka don PHP, Nginx, da sauransu. Bari mu zazzage kuma mu kwance wannan fayil ɗin:

cd ~ && wget http://ftp.desdelinux.net/nginx-spawn-fastcgi.tar.gz && tar xf nginx-spawn-fastcgi.tar.gz

Wannan zai haifar da babban fayil da ake kira nginx-spawn-fastcgi, daga gare ta zamu buƙaci fayiloli biyu don tsarkakakken Nginx (ma'ana, ba tare da haɗa shi da PHP ba):

nginx.conf - »Babban fayil ɗin sanyi na Nginx (zamuyi magana game da ƙunshinsa daga baya)
index.html - »Fayil mai sauki html wanda zamuyi amfani dashi dan ganin ko da gaske Nginx yayi mana aiki a cikin mafi girman tsari
mywebsite.net - »Fayil na daidaitawa don rukunin gidan yanar gizo mai sauƙi, VHost (Mai watsa shiri na Musamman) wanda zai daidaita damar zuwa html ta baya

Bari mu fara matsawa zuwa babban fayil ɗin saitin Nginx:

cd /etc/nginx/

To, bari mu cire daidaitaccen tsarin sa mu sanya namu:

mv nginx.conf nginx.conf_BK && cp ~/nginx-spawn-fastcgi/nginx.conf ./

Wannan, kamar yadda na ce, shine babban fayil ɗin daidaitawar Nginx, a ciki na riga na riga na bayyana masu zuwa:

mai amfani www-data; ma'aikacin_n aiwatar 4; pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

Samun damar mai amfani ga tsarin fayil (wanda nginx zai iya shiga ko'ina), yawan hanyoyin aiki tare da kuma PID (nginx process id).

Har ila yau, a can muna da wani karamin toshi wanda ake kira abubuwan (saituna don abubuwan da suka faru) wanda ya ƙunshi layi wanda ke nuna matsakaicin adadin haɗin haɗin da aka yarda da kowane taron. A ƙasa ana kiran toshe http.

Wannan toshewar ta http itace wacce take dauke da kusan duk abinda ya shafi hosting, a kalla abubuwa da yawa wadanda zasu baka sha'awa. Misali, matsakaicin lokacin rayuwa ko jira (lokacin rufewa), a ina ne manyan ayyukanmu (access.log da error.log) za su kasance, matse bayanai ta amfani da gzip, da kuma wasu dokoki da zasu iya zama masu amfani a nan gaba.

Da zarar babban fayil ɗin daidaitawa ya kasance, bari mu kwafe fayil ɗin daga VHost ɗinmu zuwa babban fayil ɗin samfuran yanar gizo

cp ~/nginx-spawn-fastcgi/mywebsite.net sites-available/

Hakanan, dole ne muyi alamar alama daga wannan fayil ɗin zuwa babban fayil ɗin da aka kunna shafukan yanar gizo.

ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/mywebsite.net /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

Na yi bayani kan fa'idar samun shafuka masu amfani da shafukan yanar gizo.

Za su sami lokacin lokacin da dole ne su sami fayilolin vhost da yawa waɗanda aka shirya kuma an saita su, saboda a kan wannan sabar za su saka kan layi, in ji shafuka 5. Koyaya, yana faruwa cewa lokaci bai yi ba da za a kunna 2 daga waɗancan 5 fatalwowi XNUMX, amma dole ne su shirya fayilolin don idan sun zama dole su kasance kan layi a cikin mafi karancin lokacin. Kuna iya sanya fatalwowi da yawa kamar yadda kuke so a cikin shafukan yanar gizo-akwai (shafuka-akwai), saboda waɗanda Nginx ya karanta don sakawa a kan layi kawai na rukunin yanar gizo ne (masu amfani da shafukan yanar gizo), zai kuma yi aiki ta kishiyar hanya idan kuna son sanya layi ba tare da izini ba (misali na ɗan lokaci) wani rukunin yanar gizo, babu buƙatar share fayiloli daga sabarku (fayilolin da za mu buƙaci a wani lokaci), kawai muna cire alamar haɗin yanar gizon da aka kunna kuma shi ke nan. Amfani da samun alaƙa ta alama kuma ba kawai kwafe fayil ɗin daga wani fayil zuwa wani ba, shi ne cewa lokacin da muke so mu gyara fatalwa, babu matsala idan mun gyara wanda ke cikin kunnawa ko akwai, a ƙarshe daidai yake
Rumbun ajiya

Fayil din mywebsite.net kamar yadda na fada a baya, wata fatalwa da take a matsayin misali, wato, kuma a wasu kalmomin, dole ne mu canza mywebsite.net kuma mu saita abubuwan da muke tsarawa.

Dole ne mu canza masu zuwa:

access_log (layin 3): Wannan zai zama hanyar hanyar shigar da fayil ɗin shiga wannan rukunin yanar gizon
error_log (layi na 4): Wannan zai zama hanyar fayil ɗin kuskuren kuskure zuwa wannan rukunin yanar gizon
server_name (layi 5): URL, yankin da aka shirya a cikin wannan babban fayil, misali, idan dandalin tattaunawa ne. DesdeLinux zai zama: forum server_name.desdelinux.net
tushe (layin 6): Hanyar zuwa babban fayil inda fayilolin html suke, bari mu bar wannan a / var / www / saboda kawai zai zama gwaji ne

A bayyane yake dole ne su nuna a cikin bayanan DNS na mai ba da sabis ɗin su (ta amfani da CPanel ko wani kayan aiki) wanda yankin ko ƙaramin yanki da aka bayyana a cikin uwar garken_ yana cikin IP ɗin wannan sabar da suke daidaitawa. Wannan shine, a cikin DNS inda suke ƙirƙirar subdomains don yankin su, dole ne su bayyana cewa yankin ko ƙaramin yanki da suka sanya a layin 5 yana kan wannan sabar (wannan sabar = adireshin IP na uwar garken da ake tambaya)

Yanzu kawai muna buƙatar kwafa fayil ɗin html zuwa babban fayil ɗin da muka ayyana a cikin fayil ɗinmu na VHost, / var / www /:

mkdir /var/www/ && cp ~/nginx-spawn-fastcgi/index.html /var/www/

Bayan haka zamu sake farawa Nginx kuma hakane:

service nginx restart

Kuma voila, wani abu kamar wannan zai bayyana:

Ina tunatar da ku cewa muna aiki da farko tare da Nginx don HTML, ba tare da samun tallafi na PHP ba, wannan shigar PHP ɗin da haɗi shi zuwa Nginx zai zama abun cikin darasi na gaba (a cikin 'yan kwanaki, na yi alkawari).

Duk da haka dai, wannan shine koyarwar shigarwa da daidaitawa ta Nginx don yayi aiki mai tsabta, ma'ana, shafin HTML, Ina fatan zai kasance mai ban sha'awa a gare ku.

Zan fayyace cewa eh, har yanzu akwai sauran kyawawan ayyukanda za'a iya amfani dasu, duk da haka bari mu jira mu gama wannan jerin koyarwar sannan zamu kimanta sakamakon ƙarshe na aikin 😉

gaisuwa

Bar tsokaci Soke ba da amsa

Nelson m
sa 10 shekaru

Godiya, taimako sosai!

Amsa wa Nelson
1. KZKG ^ Gaara m
  sa 10 shekaru
  
  Na gode da sharhi
  
  Amsa wa KZKG ^ Gaara
nisanta m
sa 10 shekaru

A cikin bayanan baya akwai nginx 1.4 ..

Amsa wa dhunter
1. KZKG ^ Gaara m
  sa 10 shekaru
  
  Haka ne, amma a kan sabar a cikin samarwa bana amfani da wannan 😀
  
  Amsa wa KZKG ^ Gaara
  1. nisanta m
    sa 10 shekaru
    
    Idan aka ce "shi" kuna nufin ingantaccen sigar da aka ƙayyade ta nginx, kuna sanya shi ya zama kamar yana da kyau daga gefe. ~ _ ~
    
    Amsa wa dhunter
    1. KZKG ^ Gaara m
      sa 10 shekaru
      
      Oh zo, shine ... akan sabobin ban taɓa son amfani da wasu wuraren ajiya ba, ko bayanan baya ko wani abu makamancin haka 🙂
      
      Amsa wa KZKG ^ Gaara
  2. Raphael Castro ne adam wata m
    sa 10 shekaru
    
    Koyaushe yana kan saiti, Na koyi hakan shekaru da suka gabata.
    
    Amsa wa Rafael Castro
    1. nisanta m
      sa 10 shekaru
      
      Nginx 1.4 ya daidaita tun daga watan Afrilun da ya gabata, a cikin bayanan baya yana 1.4.1-3.
      
      2013-04-24
      
      nginx-1.4.0 tsayayyen sigar an sake shi, yana haɗa sabbin abubuwa da yawa waɗanda aka haɓaka a cikin reshe na 1.3.x - tallafi don ƙaddamar da haɗin WebSocket, OCSP stapling, SPDY module, gunzip filter da ƙari.
      
      http://nginx.org/en/CHANGES-1.4
      
      Amsa wa dhunter
      1. Raphael Castro ne adam wata m
        sa 10 shekaru
        
        Kun yi gaskiya a cikin abin da kuke fada, hular tawa a kashe take.
        
        Amsa wa Rafael Castro
chinoloco m
sa 10 shekaru

Godiya ga rabawa, A halin yanzu ina amfani da tsoffin post ɗin ku a aikace.
Zan cika ku da tambayoyi XD

Amsa wa chinoloco
1. KZKG ^ Gaara m
  sa 10 shekaru
  
  Godiya ga karatu 🙂
  Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi ko damuwa, kun sani, muna nan don taimakawa, akwai dandalin tattaunawa.desdelinux.net inda tare zamuyi kokarin baku mafi kyawun mafita
  
  gaisuwa
  
  Amsa wa KZKG ^ Gaara
  1. Gibran barrera m
    sa 10 shekaru
    
    Ina da tambaya Ina da LAMP [Linux (Debian Wheezy), Apache, PHP da MySQL] da ke gudana a kan sabuwata na WordPress da Owncloud, ta yaya zan yi ƙaura zuwa Ngnix, wata tambayar ita ce menene bambancin tsakanin Ngnix da Lighttpd.
    
    Amsa wa Gibran Barrera
    1. KZKG ^ Gaara m
      sa 10 shekaru
      
      Babban matsala ko wahalar yin ƙaura daga Apache zuwa Nginx sune daidaitawar kowane rukunin yanar gizo, ma'ana, musamman .htaccess da kuke amfani dashi.
      
      The .htaccess shine mafi rikitarwa yayin sauyawa zuwa Nginx, tunda suna da tsari daban-daban wanda dole ne ku sanya a cikin Nginx VHost.
      
      Game da LightHTTPd da Nginx… Ban sani ba, Na yi amfani da LightHTTPd sau ɗaya kawai shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, a halin yanzu ban san yadda ci gabanta yake tafiya ba, musamman ta amfani da PHP.
      
      Amsa wa KZKG ^ Gaara
lokacin3000 m
sa 10 shekaru

NGINX yana da kyau kai tsaye idan aka kwatanta da Apache. Ana jiran sashi na gaba don samun damar dacewa da shi tare da PHP

Amsa zuwa eliotime3000
Mauricio m
sa 10 shekaru

Ina jiran shawarwarin don inganta abubuwan da yawa zuwa nginx 😀

Ta hanyar Gaara, zaku iya haɗawa a cikin karatun ku na gaba, yadda ake aiwatar da tallafi na SSL.

Na gode.

Amsa wa Mauricio
1. KZKG ^ Gaara m
  sa 10 shekaru
  
  Nasihun da suka zo a zahiri shine don haɓaka aikin PHP, caching site, Zan iya ba da misalin tsarin da muke amfani da shi a ciki. DesdeLinux don Nginx+Wordpress+W3_Total_Cache :)
  
  Amsa wa KZKG ^ Gaara
Kaiser m
sa 10 shekaru

Na gode kyakkyawar gudummawa.

Amsa wa kaiser
Aprxxas m
sa 10 shekaru

Kuma jagora don archlinux yaushe? xD

Amsa zuwa abr4xas
1. KZKG ^ Gaara m
  sa 10 shekaru
  
  A cikin Arch ya yi kama da juna, kawai sunayen kunshin sun canza amma ... rikicewar kusan kusan ɗaya ce
  
  Amma wanene ke da sabar samarwa tare da Arch? 😀
  
  Amsa wa KZKG ^ Gaara
Aprxxas m
sa 10 shekaru

Sannu dai,

Shine ni kuma xD ...

Na kasance ina bin matakanku kuna amfani da su a kan na'ura tare da archlinux kuma ina da matsala mai zuwa:
[abr4xas@Genius www]$ systemctl status nginx.service nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled) Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since vie 2013-11-15 20:11:35 VET; 1min 13s ago Process: 1258 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/nginx -t -q -g pid /run/nginx.pid; daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Duk wani shawarwari 😀

Amsa zuwa abr4xas
rhiz m
sa 10 shekaru

Jo… xox, Ina son sabar ciki kawai, wato, kawai ina so in maye gurbin xampp, shin ya kamata in yi duk wannan?

Amsa wa Rhiz
1. KZKG ^ Gaara m
  sa 10 shekaru
  
  Idan kuna so, zaku iya aiwatar da wannan (wanda na maimaita, shine abin da DL ke aiki tare da shi), a zahiri uwar garke na kama-da-wane (wanda nake amfani dashi don ci gaba da gwaji) Na gama shi da irin abin da na bayyana.
  
  Wato, kuna iya cire XAMPP ko sanya wannan bambance-bambancen kuma zai yi aiki da kyau, ko kuma idan kuna son barin XAMPP ... har yanzu zai muku aiki.
  
  Hanya mai kyau ta amfani da wannan da na nuna ita ce karancin amfani da kayan aiki idan aka kwatanta da Apache, amma, a kwamfutarka ta sirri, wacce ba babbar buƙata ce ta karɓar baƙi ba, nesa da ita… idan XAMPP yayi aiki mai kyau a gare ku, ban yi ba ga dalilin cire shi 🙂
  
  Amsa wa KZKG ^ Gaara
Ishaku m
sa 9 shekaru

Na riga na sami sabar Linux ta da ke gudana (Debian, Nginx, MySQL, da PHP) Na sha wahala samun PHP don yin aiki tare da Nginx saboda na saba da sauƙin Gidan yanar gizo na Apache.

To tambayata ita ce: Shin akwai wanda ya san yadda zan nuna yankin gwajin da na saya a sabar ta? Ina so in gwada yanki na na .com don ganin yadda yake aiki, amma bani da wata 'yar karamar masaniyar yadda zan yi shi, saboda koyaushe ina amfani da adireshin NOIP don samun damar shi da noip DUC.

Ina fatan wani zai iya taimaka min, Na gode!

Amsa wa Ishaku
Ibrahim m
sa 8 shekaru

Na sami wannan lokacin ƙoƙarin haɗawa zuwa ƙirarku:

cd ~ && wget http://ftp.desdelinux.net/nginx-spawn-fastcgi.tar.gz && tar xf nginx-spawn-fastcgi.tar.gz

An aika da buƙatar HTTP, ana jiran amsa… 404 Ba a Samu ba
2015-11-23 17:46:30 KUSKure 404: Ba'a Samu Ba.

Amsa wa abraham
Ryan m
sa 8 shekaru

Ina da sabar CentOS dina da ke gudana (Gunicorn, Nginx, PHP) ya dauke ni aiki mai yawa don sanya su aiki amma batun da na makale shi ne cewa Gidan yanar sadarwar da nake son kaddamarwa yana bukatar mai samarda yankin a wannan yanayin Go Daddy , Don haka a wannan lokacin ban san yadda zan ci gaba ba.

Amsa wa Ryan
Ricardo m
sa 8 shekaru

Za a iya raba fayilolin sanyi tare da ni tunda ba zan iya zazzage su ba don Allah

Amsa wa Ricardo