Kugadzirisa RepairDisk: Mugwagwa unoenda kuLFS

Kazhinji inguva dzataifanira kugadzirisa sisitimu kubva kuLiveCD, uye pane imwe nguva munzira takazviwana tisina chishandiso uye patinoda kuiisa, LiveCD OS inotitaurira kuti yapera nzvimbo uye gariki nemvura ( kuti ubate uye ubatisise).

Ngatizviitei. Isu tinoshandisa iyo SystemRescueCD, iyo inopa yakaenzanirana yakazara Gentoo-yakavakirwa nharaunda.

Mumuenzaniso wedu (kuisa Linux kubva pakutanga ichitevera Linux Kubva kuScratch bhuku) isu tiri kushaya iyo Bison uye Makeinfo zvirongwa, saka tichagadzira iyo itsva ISO mufananidzo weiyi diski asi nematurusi matsva.

Nezve maitiro iwe uchazoda chikamu cheLinux (ext4 semuenzaniso) iine 1.5G yemahara, kunyangwe zvimwe zvichikurudzirwa. Kana iwe usiri kuda kupokana nezvikamu zvako, shandisa mushandisi chaiwo. Ehezve, zvinokurudzirwa kuti iyo partition ine akati wandei magigabytes kubvira panguva yekuita kwekusanganisa, kuisirwa, kuwiriranisa kwemapositori ... nzvimbo yenguva pfupi inodiwa; Ini ndinokurudzira kushandisa 8G + 2G swap partition (iine 4G + 1G inofanirwa kunge yakakwana, asi ndiyo nzira yatinovimbisa, kana RAM / swap ikashaikwa maitiro acho anononoka).

Kufunga kuti wagadzira muchina chaiwo une 10G disk, unoitanga nekuiudza kuti itange kubva kune ichangobva kuburitswa SystemRescueCd. Tichingori mukati tinopatsanura nefdisk (kana iwe watanga iyo graphical chikamu iwe unogona kuzviita uine gparted, asi chinangwa cheichi positi ndechekudzidzisa kushandiswa kwekutanga maturusi). fdisk rairo yekudyidzana:

• nesarudzo "n" tinogadzira chikamu chitsva
• nesarudzo "t" isu tinoshandura mhando yeiyo fileystem inoenda muchikamu
• nesarudzo «w» tinonyorera kudiski
• nesarudzo «q» isu tinosiya tisina kunyora shanduko

Kana isu tikashandisa iyo "n" sarudzo inotipa sarudzo dzinoverengeka, nguva dzese dzatinozoshandisa default, kunze kwekuisa chikamu chekupedzisira muchikamu chekutanga, icho chatinofanira kunyora "+ 8G", zvichiratidza kuchirongwa kuti tinoda kugoverana tora 8GB.

Kana tichigadzira chikamu chechipiri isu tinoshandisa izvo zvekusarudzika zvisarudzo sezvo imwe nzvimbo ichagara. Zvakare, kutaurira fdisk kuti chikamu chechipiri chichava cherudzi swap, shandisa iyo "t" sarudzo (iyo hexcode yekuchinjanisa ndeye 82). Iyo interface inotaridzika seiyi:

% fdisk / dev / sda Raira (m yekubatsira):

Kana zvese zvaitwa, isu tinoshandisa iyo "w" sarudzo yekunyora shanduko kudiski uye kubuda.
Ino yave nguva yekumisikidza izvo zvikamu. Tichatanga nekuchinjanisa kuitira kuti tishandise ipapo ipapo:

% mkswap / dev / sda2% swapon / dev / sda2

Isu tatova neiyo swap partition yakamisikidzwa, uye nemurairo swapon isu tatanga kuishandisa. Iye zvino isu tinomisikidza chikamu chekutanga mu ext4:

% mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

Tinogona kutanga kutevera nhanho dzakatsanangurwa mu http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_How_to_personalize_SystemRescueCd, pano ini ndinodudzira / ndovatsanangudza neshoko risinganzwisisike.

Isu tinoisa kukamura munzvimbo yacho (iyo LiveCD yatouya yakagadzirira nefaira / mnt / tsika uko chikamu chatinozoita shanduko dzakakodzera chinofanira kunge chakaiswa). Zvakare mushure mekumisikidza isu tichafanirwa kutora mafaera kubva ku diski, izvi zvinoitwa ne script yakatogadzirirwa. Iyo script inotora chinguva (sezvo ichirasa mazana emamegabhayithi ekurangarira), kana iwe uchida kutarisa kuti iri kunyatso kushanda, enda kune imwe terminal (ine Alt + F4 semuenzaniso) woita df-h.

% mount / dev / sda2 / mnt / custom% / usr / sbin / sysresccd-custom extract

Kana iwe ikozvino uchifamba mukati / mnt / tsika / tsikacd, iwe uchaona akati wandei maforodha. In / mnt / tsika / customcd / mafaera iyo midzi faira system inowanikwa. Ino inguva yekudzora ramangwana nyowani system. Pano ndiri kuzoisa mirairo, kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve chroot iwe yaunogona kuona iyi dzidziso ndakanyora mwedzi wapfuura

% mount -o bind / proc / mnt / custom / customcd / files / proc% mount -o bind / dev / mnt / custom / customcd / files / dev% mount -o bind / sys / mnt / custom / customcd / files / sys% chroot / mnt / tsika / tsikacd / mafaera / bin / bash # gcc-config $ (gcc-config -c)

Isu tatova mune yakadzurwa midzi, inozove iyo LiveCD system kana tangoibhuya. Tichaisa mapakeji asipo (bison uye texinfo) tichishandisa rairo kubuda (ndiani anobata chikamu che gedhi kubva gentoo).

Kutanga isu tinowirirana iwo portage muti (iwo wakaenzana ne Apt-get update)
# emerge-webrsync ONA: isu tinoshandisa uyu murairo pachinzvimbo che "kubuda-sncnc" nekuti inokurumidza, sezvo ichitsvaga tar pack kubva pawebhu. Iyi nhanho inodiwa, nekuti kana ukasabuda inozviburitsa yega -yesanisa, ichinonoka.

Mushure mekuyananisa iwo portage muti isu tinogona kuenderera nekuisa mapakeji:

# kubuda sys-devel / bison # kubuda sys-devel / texinfo

Isu tinosiya chroot:# exit

Isu tinodzika "/ proc" kuitira kuti iwo mapakeji nyowani akaiswa achengetwe mu squashfs. Isu tinodzikisa "/ dev" uye "/ sys" kuitira kuti tirege kukanganwa gare gare
% umount /mnt/custom/customcd/files/proc
% umount /mnt/custom/customcd/files/dev
% umount /mnt/custom/customcd/files/sys
Sezvo isu tatova new squash faira system yakagadzirirwa, tinoigadzira neinotevera kuraira
% /usr/sbin/sysresccd-custom squashfs
Kana tichida kuwedzera faira mumufananidzo weIO asi isu tichida kuti igare iri kunze kwema squashfs, tinofanirwa kuiisa mufolda «/ mnt / custom / customcd / isoroot»

% cp -a my-files /mnt/custom/customcd/isoroot

Iyo yekubwinya nguva yasvika, isu tinogona ikozvino kuburitsa iyo nyowani ISO mufananidzo neyedu yakagadzirirwa maitiro!
% /usr/sbin/sysresccd-custom isogen my_srcd
"My_srcd" ndiro zita ratinopa vhoriyamu, unogona kuridaidza chero chaunoda. Mufananidzo wacho unochengetwa mu «/ ​​mnt / custom / customcd / isofile», uyezve .md5 faira inogadzirwawo 🙂

Kana iwe uri kushanda pane chaiyo diski, iyo yakakosha nhanho inosara: bvisa iyo ISO mufananidzo weiyo chaiyo system. Pane nzira dzinoverengeka dzekuzviita, ini ndichatsanangura yakapusa (muVirtualBox) kudzivirira kusaisa "muenzi zvinowedzerwa" kana chero zvakadaro.
Isu tinoshandisa mutengi kuwana iyo faira kuburikidza nessh tunnel. Kuti tiite izvi, isu tinofanirwa kutanga tagadzira iyo muyenzi system ine mudzi password Iyo ssh server inotanga otomatiki, isu tichiri kuitangazve kuitira zvimwe.
% passwd
% /etc/init.d/sshd restart
Isu tinofanirwa kumisikidza kuendesa kwechiteshi kwemuchina chaiwo. Mu VirtualBox zvinoitwa seinotevera:

1. Iwe unowana iyo chaiyo muchina kumisikidzwa
2. Muchikamu chenetiwe wakatorongedza adapta muNAT
3. Tarisa sarudzo yekufambisa chiteshi
4. Iwe unowedzera mutemo mutsva, uine chete ma parameter "host port" uye "guest port"
5. mubati = 3022 uye muenzi = 22

Nezve izvi isu takawana kuti chiteshi 3022 chePC yedu makumi maviri nemaviri emuchina chaiwo. Isu tinotanga iyo Filezilla mutengi:

1. Mune paramende ye server tinonyora: sftp: // localhost
2. Mune iro zita rekushandisa paramende isu tinonyora: mudzi
3. Mune password password tinoisa iyo yatinoshandisa mu «passwd»
4. Muchikamu chengarava tinonyora: 3022
5. Dzvanya pa «Kurumidza kubatanidza»

Kana zvese zvafamba zvakanaka kuruboshwe tinogona kufamba paPC yedu uye kurudyi mumuchina chaiwo. Izvo zvakaringana kuwana (mune chairo muchina) dhairekitori «/ mnt / tsika / tsikacd / isofile» uye dhonza iyo ISO mufananidzo kunzvimbo yatinoda paPC yedu.

!! Makorokoto !! Kana zvese zvikafamba mushe, iwe une yako ISO chifananidzo chakagadzirira neyakagadziriswa SystemRescueCD uye yakagadzirira kubhota kubva paCD, USB ...