Linux mirairo: Iyo inonyanya kukosha kubata mugore ra2023

Linux mirairo: Iyo inonyanya kukosha kubata mugore ra2023

En Kubvumbi 2018 takagadzira kuunganidza kudiki nezve zvimwe zvakakosha "Linux Commands" panguva iyoyo, uye kuti zvakaitika sei kusvikira nhasi anenge makore mashanu (Kukadzi 5), takaona zvakakodzera, kugadzirisa uye kunatsiridza zvataurwa.

Saka takasarudza 60 mirairo yemazana aripo, kuve nechokwadi chekuti chero mushandisi uye anotanga mushandisi anogona kuve neruzivo rwekuti ndeupi mirairo yekudzidza nekutanga kuitira kuti zvishoma nezvishoma kugona Linux chinongedzo.

Asi, usati watanga iyi inonakidza positi nezve inonyanya kukosha "Linux Commands" kuziva, kudzidza uye kugona panguva gore 2023, tinokurudzira chinyorwa chapfuura, kuti uverenge gare gare:

Nyaya inoenderana:

Mamwe Ekutanga Anoraira Wese Newbie Anofanirwa Kudzidza

Linux 2023 mirairo: Rondedzero yekubata iyo Terminal

Rondedzero yemakumi matanhatu anobatsira Linux mirairo yegore 60

15 Mirairo yekuwana mafaera

1. pwd: Ratidza nzvimbo yedhairekitori patiri parizvino.
2. ls: Ratidza runyoro rwemafaira nemadhairekitori ari mukati medhairekitori rakataurwa.
3. cd: Shandura kubva kune yazvino dhairekitori kuenda kune imwe.
4. mkdir: Gadzira dhairekitori idzva.
5. touch: Gadzira faira idzva kana shandura zuva rekuwana / rekugadzirisa kune rimwe.
6. cp: Kopa mafaira kana madhairekitori.
7. mv: Fambisa mafaera kana madhairekitori. Uye kunyange kuchinja zita kana zvakakodzera.
8. rm: Delete mafaira kana madhairekitori.
9. rmdir: Bvisa dhairekitori rimwe chete, chero risina chinhu.
10. cat: Ratidza zvirimo chero mhando yefaira pachiratidziri.
11. head: Ratidza mitsara mishoma yekutanga yefaira, uchitsanangura nhamba yemitsara yekuratidzira.
12. tail: Ratidza mitsetse mishoma yekupedzisira yefaira, uchitsanangura nhamba yemitsara yekuratidza.
13. less: Tsvaga mukati memukati mefaira uchipindirana.
14. more: Tsvaga mukati memukati mefaira uchipindirana.
15. grep: Tsvaga uye ratidza tambo dzemavara mumafaira kana mukuraira kubuda.

11 Mirairo yekugadzirisa iyo Operating System

1. uname: Ratidza ruzivo nezve OS, kusanganisira iyo Kernel yakarodha parizvino.
2. df: Ratidza ruzivo nezve SA, Partitions uye ikozvino disk Space kushandiswa.
3. free: Ratidza ruzivo rwakasiyana nezve mashandisirwo endangariro yeiyo inotungamirwa OS.
4. top: Ratidza maitiro ekumhanya, rumwe ruzivo nezve CPU, RAM uye nezvimwe.
5. htop: Zvakafanana nekuraira kwepamusoro, asi neyakagadziridzwa, yakagadziridzwa, uye inopindirana CLI yekuona interface.
6. ps: Ratidza maitiro ekumhanya muOS mune yakadzama uye isiri-inopindirana nzira.
7. kill:Ekuuraya maitiro ekumhanya, uchishandisa nhamba yemaitiro (PID) yakapihwa.
8. shutdown: Tonga iyo OS kuita zviito, senge: Ivhare pasi, itangezve, uye Mimisa.
9. reboot: Shanduro itsva uye yakagadziridzwa yeiyo shutdown command, ine dzimwe sarudzo dziripo.
10. uptime: Tarisa kuti OS yanga ichimhanya kwenguva yakareba sei kubva pabhutsu yekupedzisira.
11. last: Ratidza runyoro rweazvino (mushandisi) ekupinda kune inoshanda sisitimu.

10 Mirairo yekugadzirisa ruzivo rweHW zvinhu uye zvishandiso

1. lsblk: Ratidza ruzivo nezve ese aripo ekuchengetedza maturusi.
   
2. fdisk: maneja (inogadzira, inobvisa uye inogadzirisa) zvikamu pamidziyo iripo.
3. mount: gomo (conecta) faira sisitimu pamusoro peiyo iripo mudziyo dhairekitori.
4. umount: Dismount (bvisa) faira system inotungamirirwa neumount command.
5. hdparm: Tonga maparamita emahara emidziyo iripo yedhisiki.
6. lshw: Wona ruzivo rweOS HW, kusanganisira ruzivo nezvezvishandiso zvazvino.
7. lsusb: Wona iyo chaiyo ruzivo nezve yazvino USB zvishandiso muOS.
8. lspci: Ratidza ruzivo rwakananga nezvezvino PCI zvishandiso muOS.
9. lscpu: Ratidza ruzivo rwakananga nezveCPU inoshandiswa muOS uye mavakirwo ayo.
   
10. dmesg: Ratidza ruzivo rwemukati rwunotungamirirwa ne Kernel, kusanganisira iyo yakabatana neHW.

14 Mirairo ye maneja ruzivo rwezvinhu uye maitiro eNetwork

1. ip: Tonga ruzivo rwese rwakabatana netiweki interfaces, mune yemazuva ano OS.
2. ifconfig: Tonga ruzivo rwese rwakabatana netiweki interfaces mune yekare OS.
3. iwconfig: Tonga ruzivo rwakabatana neasina waya maonesheni eOS.
4. nmcli: Tonga ruzivo rwetiweki interfaces kuburikidza neNetwork Manager.
5. wpa_cli: Tonga ruzivo rwetiweki interfaces wireless kuburikidza neWPASupplicant.
6. ping: Simbisa kubatana kwazvino kune mamwe mauto pane network uchishandisa iyo ICMP protocol.
7. route: Tonga iyo IP routing tafura kumisikidza static nzira kune mauto uye network.
8. traceroute:Enzira yedata mapaketi kubva kune imwe sisitimu kuenda kune imwe saiti pane network.
9. nslookup: CTarisa DNS ruzivo nezve mamwe mauto, anopindirana.
10. dig: Bvunza DNS mazita maseva e dambudziko DNS.
    
11. netstat: Wona ruzivo nezve parizvino inoshanda network yekubatanidza pane system, nezvimwe.
12. iptables: Manage iyo Linux kernel IPv4 uye IPv6 packet filter kutonga matafura.
13. resolvctl: Manage mazita emazita, IPv4 / IPv6 kero, uye DNS rekodhi rekodhi.
14. mii-tool: Manage chimiro cheiyo media yakazvimirira interface (MII) unit ye ​​network interface kutaurirana otomatiki iyo link yekumhanyisa uye duplex marongero.

10 Mirairo ye gadzirisa maitiro ekumhanya uye ruzivo rwavo rwakabatana

1. fg: Activate mune imwe nzira kuita kwayo kumberi (kumberi).
2. bg: Activate mune imwe nzira kuurayiwa kwayo kumashure (kumashure).
3. pstree: Ratidza runyoro rwemaitiro muchimiro chemuti, kuratidza hukama pakati pavo.
4. nice: Seta kukosha kwekumhanya maitiro muOS.
5. renice: Shandura kukosha kwemaitiro, seta neiyo yakanaka kuraira.
6. nohup: Mhanya maitiro kumashure (kumashure) pasina kukanganiswa neiyo HUP chiratidzo.
7. disown: DBvisa maitiro anomhanya kumashure uye terminal inovamhanyisa.
8. fork: Ckumashure maitiro (vana) kubva ku kudzokorora kudanwa kweimwe (mubereki) maitiro.
   
9. pidfd_open: Gadzirisa iyo kuwana faira descriptor inoreva maitiro.
10. clone:Gspawn (mwana) maitiro nenzira yakafanana neyo inoshandiswa ne "fork" murairo, asi nemusiyano wekuti, idzi nharembozha dzinopa kutonga kwakanaka pane izvo zvinodiwa.

Kusvika ikozvino, yedu 60 Yakanaka Linux Mirairo kuziva, kudzidza uye kushandisa kwegore rino 2023. Nekudaro, kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve chimwe nechimwe cheizvi, ingobaya pazita remurairo wega wega. Uye kukundikana izvo, kune izvi uye nevamwe, unogona kuongorora zvakananga chikamu chepamutemo mu Debian GNU/Linux Manpages, iyo ine zvinyorwa zvakawanda mumitauro yakasiyana.

Nyaya inoenderana:

Mirairo kuti ndangariro yako itariswe muLinux

Resumen

Muchidimbu, isu tinovimba kuti iyi inobatsira kuunganidzwa pane inonyanya kukosha "Linux Commands" kuziva, kudzidza uye kugona panguva gore 2023, ichabvumira vazhinji kuti vakwanise kutanga zvakanaka munzira chaiyo yekubata iyo GNU/Linux Terminal (Console).

Chekupedzisira, usakanganwa kupa maonero ako pane yanhasi musoro, kuburikidza nemhinduro. Uye kana iwe wakafarira iyi positi, usarega kugovana nevamwe. Uyewo, yeuka shanyira peji redu rekutanga en «DesdeLinux» kuongorora dzimwe nhau, uye kujoina yedu yepamutemo chiteshi che Teregiramu ye DesdeLinux, Madokero boka kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvenyaya yanhasi.