LLVM / Clang. U Mad GCC?

Ini ndaifanirwa kunyora chinyorwa nezve iyi gakava yakatumirwa muLWN. Uye ndeyekuti iyo LLVM / Clang compiler iri kutanga ku kunetseka pane zvinyorwa zveGNU.

Pane imwe nguva, pakanga paine compiler inonzi GCC iyo ine makore anopfuura makumi maviri nemashanu ekuvapo anoramba aine ruremekedzo rukuru kune yayo yemahara uye copyleft rezinesi, pamwe nekuve iyo compiler inoshandiswa ne linux kernel uye kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika neFreeBSD. Chero ani aida kudzidza kukura muC kana C ++, zvirokwazvo akashandisa GCC zvisinei nemaumbirwo emuchina wavo. Nekudaro, GCC yakatambura kubva kune imwe zvakavanzika, pamwe nekuda kwehunyanzvi hweavo vakaigadzira uye zvimwe nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwemaitiro echechi huru, uko kutonga kwakasimba kwakashandiswa pane zvaiitika muGCC uye izvo zvaisave (izvozvi kwete zvakanyanya asi zvichiripo), izvo zvakagadzira nzira kuvakwa kwepamberi-kumagumo uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakazogamuchirwa neGCC. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve pfupi pfupi ye EGCS, Ini ndinosiya iyi link.

Zvichakadaro, kuUniversity yeIllinois kuUrbana-Champaign circa 2002, chirongwa chekutsvaga chakatungamira mukugadzirwa kwecompiler yakagadzirwa nenzira modular kuitira kuti zvinhu zvaro zvoga senge kumberi-kumagumo, kodhi jenareta uye ma optimizer. Vanomudaidza LLVM nekuti pekutanga yaive iri yepasi-chikamu chaiyo muchina asi yakaguma yave inopfuura ipapo. Uye vakamupa marezinesi aine rake rezinesi, raive yakafanana neBSD (yemahara, kwete copyleft, inoenderana neGPL). Makore gare gare, Apple yakave nehanya neLLVM uye ndokuigamuchira iyo yayo iOS uye OS X masisitimu anoshanda, pamwe nekuvaka (uye kusunungurwa pasi peiyo rezinesi remahara seLLVMyako yekumberi-kumagumo inonzi clang, zveC uye Chinangwa C. Izvo zvakadzikira mukana wekusanganisira LLVM / Clang mumapurogiramu ekuchengetedzaIzvi ndizvo zvazviri neCUDA compiler kubva kuNVIDIA uye IDE XCode kubva kuApple.

Asi rimwe zuva, mavhiki mashoma apfuura pane emacs tsamba yekutumira, iri pakati pekukurukurirana nezve Autocomplete mode yakagadzirirwa Clang, Dimitry gutov anoti "Ndakaudzwa kare kare kuti Richard ndakavenga Clang zvakanyanya anga achipikisa kusanganisira kodhi inoishandisa muma emac. " Izvi zvakazotungamira kune imwe hurukuro pa clang uye yemahara software uko Richard pachake anojekesa: «Mutemo wedu hausi kugamuchira shanduko kune chero GNU package iyo inogona kushanda naClang asi kwete neGCC. Emacs haikurudzire vanhu kuti vafambe kubva kuGCC. Kana tawana mukana, tichakurudzira kushandisa GCC pamusoro paClang. "

Nguva pfupi yapfuura, Eric Raymond (anozivikanwa nekugadzira iyo Cathedral neBazaar, pamwe nedudziro yeOpen Source) anoonekwa uyo, hafu achiimba joust, hafu yekutsika, anoenda oti kuti LLVM / Clang yaive mhinduro kupokana neprojekti yeGCC kuti ive inowirirana, pamwe naClang anodarika GCC pamatanho akati wandei ehunyanzvi. Maererano naye (uye kuratidza vhidhiyo kubva kuChandler Carruth hurukuro), ivo vanogadzira Clang vakabvunza Stallman kana paive nechikonzero chekuti GCC kumberi kumagumo haigone kushandurwa kuita raibhurari ine simba inogona kubatanidzwa nechero chirongwa chinoda kuteedzera kodhi yekodhi. Stallman akapindura kuti imwe chinangwa cheGCC yaive dzivisa zvirongwa zvekushandisa kushandisa chero chikamu chayo, saka vaidzivirira nemaune zvinhu zvakasiyana izvo pamwe vangadai vakarerutsa mashandisiro akadaro …… ..izvo zvavaifunga mhinduro isingabatsiri. Ivo vaida kugadzira ma IDE uye zvimwe zvishandiso izvo zvinogovera compiler kodhi uye GCC haina kuvabvumira, saka kugadzira Clang uye kutumira GCC ku / dev / null. Vagadziri veGCC vakamusvetukira paari kuruma yekusaziviswa zvizere (nenyaya yekuti Clang anodarika GCC mune akati wandei matanho ehunyanzvi). Pakati pechipfambi, Stallman anoonekwa achidaro LLVM inotyisa kukanda, kwete nekuda kwehunyanzvi zvikonzero asi chete kune yayo isiri-kopyleft rezinesi iyo inobatsira Apple.

Ipapo chinyorwa cheLWN chinotsaurira marefu ndima pane GCC modularity uye iwo matanho avakazvisarudzira nemaune kuita kuti zviome kushandisa kumiririrwa kwayo kwemukati nemapurogiramu epfuma, pane GCC Runtime Raibhurari Kunze inogadzirisa mubvunzo wekuti GCC inofanirwa kunyora kodhi yekodhi. Ndinodawo kuwedzera nyaya ye FreeBSD (ichangobva kuburitswa vhezheni 10, ichitsiva GCC neLLVM / Clang semunyori mukuru). Iyo yazvino vhezheni yeGCC yavakashandisa yaive 4.2.1 (yazvino neGPLv2 rezinesi) uye kana kupenga ivo vaizoenda kunovandudza kune vhezheni neGPLv3 (ivo vanongoda BSD isina chero GPL), saka LLVM / Clang inouya kwavari segirovhosi.

Muchidimbu, imwezve hondo mune isingagumi GPL vs BSD hondo.