Nzira yekugadzira yakakosha LVM vhoriyamu pane chero Linux kugovera

LVM (inozivikanwawo seLogical Volume Management), ndeye inonzwisisika vhoriyamu maneja iyo inobvumidza vashandisi veLinux kuti vawedzere, vadzikire uye vagadzirise migove pane yakaoma dhiraivha munguva chaiyo, pasina kukosha kwekudzikisa iyo systemystem.

Nenzira yakareruka isu taigona kuti LVM ibviro yekubvisa pakati pechigadziro chekuchengetedza uye faira system.

Muchidzidzo ichi tichaona maitiro ekugadzira yekutanga LVM kumisikidza pane Linux.

Kugona kugadzira vhoriyamu yeLVM zvinoreva kudzima data, saka usati watanga, unofanirwa kugadzira backup yeiyo system kana zvirinani kuti iwe unogona kuita chiitiko ichi pamushini chaiwo kuti urege kukanganisa data rako.

Iyi haisi yambiro yakapusa, sezvo ruzivo rwese pane hard drive ruchabviswa zvachose, ndosaka uchifanira kuita maitiro aya paLIVE system kana pane imwe hard drive.

Isa LVM2

Izvozvi kuti data rako rakachengeteka zvachose uye kuti iwe unoziva nezve mukana wekurasikirwa nedata rako (saka iko kudiwa kwekuchengetedza data).

Tinogona kuenderera mberi nekuisa LVM mune yedu system, nekuti izvi tiri kuzovhura terminal uye mairi tichaita unotevera kuraira zvinoenderana nekuparadzira kwatiri kushandisa.

PaDebian, Ubuntu uye zvigadzirwa:

sudo apt-get install lvm2*

PaArch Linux, Manjaro, Antergos uye zvigadzirwa:

sudo pacman -S lvm2

YeFedora uye zvigadzirwa zvayo

sudo dnf install lvm2*

Mu OpenSUSE

sudo zypper instalar lvm2

Kugadzirira midhiya

Iye zvino tave ne lvm mune yedu system, ngatienderere mberi kuwana midzi yekuwana ne:

sudo -s

Kana izvi zvangoitwa, isu tinofanirwa kugadzira vhoriyamu iyo yatinozoshandisa neLVM mune yedu system, kune izvi tichazoshandisa cfdisk chishandiso:

cfdisk /dev/sdX

Pano tave kuzobvisa zvese zvikamu kubva mudiski (ndosaka bakcup yakayambirwa).

Kana zvikamu zvese zvanyangarika, ikozvino tave kuzosarudza sarudzo ye "nyowani" kuti tigadzire chikamu chitsva pane dhisiki, shandisa iro rese hard disk.

Iye zvino tava kuzosarudza "primary" uye zvobva zvarova hit. Wobva wasarudza iyo sarudzo «Type» uye pano unofanira kuwana uye sarudza sarudzo "Linux LVM"

Kana vapedza kuita izvi, vanofanirwa kudzvanya pa "nyora" uye vozobaya pabuda. Tisati tagadzira yedu LVM zvine musoro mavhoriyamu uye nekuaomesa iwo, isu tinofanirwa kugadzira iyo LVM chaiyo vhoriyamu.

Kugadzira mavhoriyamu eLVM paLinux kunoitwa neiyo pvcreate chishandiso. Mune terminal, isu tichaenda kuita iyo pvcreate rairo pamwe chete nechikamu icho chatichangobva kugadzira, chinofanira kutarisa chimwe chinhu seichi:

pvcreate /dev/sda1

Iye zvino tinogona kusimbisa kugadzirwa kweiyo LVM vhoriyamu nemirairo:

lsblk

Gadzira LVM Vhoriyamu Boka

Iye zvino zvatave neLVM yemuviri vhoriyamu kumisikidzwa, nhanho inotevera ndeyekugadzira iyo LVM vhoriyamu boka.

Kugona kugadzira imwe nyowani, ingo mhanyisa vgcreate raira pamwe neiyo nzira yekuparadzanisa, mune iyi nyaya tichaidaidza zita rekuti "vhoriyamu-lvm" asi iwe unogona kutsiva izvi mumurairo:

vgcreate -s 16M volumen-lvm /dev/sda1

Gadzira LVM zvine musoro mavhoriyamu

Zvinyorwa zvine musoro ndimo mune rese data rakachengetwa muLVM. Kugadzira vhoriyamu nyowani inonzwisisika muLVM, isu tinoshandisa unotevera kuraira, semuenzaniso, kugadzira zvine musoro vhoriyamu ye80 GB, zvingave zvinotevera:

lvcreate -L 80G -n lvm1 volumen-lvm

Iyo yakakosha syntax yekugadzira zvine musoro mavhoriyamu ndeiyi:

lvcreate -L espacioengigasG -n logicvolumename logicvolumegroup

Chekupedzisira tinofanirwa kuenderera mberi nekupa fomati kune zvine musoro vhoriyamu yakagadzirwa, nekuti izvi isu tinofanirwa kuzviisa munzira inotevera:

cd /dev/mapper

Uye pano tinogona kuita ls, kutarisa kuti vhoriyamu iri pano:

ls

Kana tangosimbiswa, isu tinoenderera mberi nekumisa vhoriyamu ne:

mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/volumen-lvm-lvm1

Kana izvi zvangoitwa, isu tinogona kubuda mudzi nekutaipa kubuda, uye ikozvino tave kungoenderera mberi nekukwirisa vhoriyamu nemirairo inotevera:

mkdir /mnt/vfs/
sudo mount /dev/mapper/volumen-lvm-lvm1 /mnt/vfs/
cd /mnt/vfs/