Maitiro ekuona akavhurika madoko pakombuta yedu kana router

Basa rekubira rinosanganisira, pakati peimwe yemabasa ayo akajairika, kubiridzira (kana chizvarwa) chekutadza mumasevhisi ayo mashandisirwo akasiyana anovhurwa ne "kunze". Aya masevhisi akavhurika madoko kuburikidza nawo izvo zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinoita kuwana mukana kune ino sisitimu. Mune ino mini-dzidziso isu tinodzidza zvishoma nezvakawanda nezvezviteshi, mashandiro avo uye maitiro ekuona (ndedzipi pfungwa) madoko atakavhura.

Chiteshi inzira yakajairika yekutumidza chinongedzo kuburikidza nemhando dzakasiyana dzedata dzinogona kutumirwa nekugashirwa. Yakati interface inogona kuve yerudzi rwemuviri, kana inogona kunge iri padanho re software (semuenzaniso, madoko anotendera kufambiswa kwedata pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana) (ona pazasi kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo), mune iro izwi rekuti zvine musoro chiteshi chinowanzo shandiswa. .

Zviteshi zvepanyama

Chiteshi chemuviri ndechekuti chinongedzo, kana kubatana pakati pezvigadzirwa, izvo zvinokutendera kuti ubatanidze mhando dzakasiyana dzemidziyo yakadai sevatariri, maprinta, ma scanner, ekunze madhiraivha akaomarara, kamera dzemadhijitari, zvinyoreso, nezvimwe ... Izvi zvinongedzo zvine mazita chaiwo.

Serial chiteshi uye yakafanana chiteshi

Iyo serial port chiteshi chekutaurirana pakati pemakomputa uye zvigadzirwa uko ruzivo rwunopfuudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma nenzira inoteedzana, ndiko kuti, kutumira kamwe kamwe panguva (kupesana neiyo yakafanana port3 iyo inotumira mabiti akati wandei panguva imwe chete) .

PCI chiteshi

Iyo PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) madoko ari ekuwedzera mashedhibhodhi paboardboard yekomputa maunogona kubatanidza makadhi enzwi, makadhi evhidhiyo, makadhi enetiweki, nezvimwe ... Iyo PCI slots ichiri kushandiswa nanhasi uye tinogona kuwana akati wandei. zvikamu (zvakanyanya) muPCI fomati.

PCI Express chiteshi

Iyo PCI Express chiteshi inosanganisa nyowani zvigadziriso kune iyo PCIe 3.0 kududzirwa iyo inosanganisira dzinoverengeka dzekuwedzeredza kuwedzera chiratidzo uye dhata kutendeka, kusanganisira faira kufambisa uye yekugamuchira kutonga, PLL kuvandudza, wachi wachi kudzoreredza, uye zvigadziriso ku migero, kuverengera kuenderana neazvino topologies

Chiteshi chendangariro

RAM ndangariro makadhi akabatana neaya madoko. Ndangariro dzemachiteshi ndiwo iwo madoko, kana mabheji, panogona kuiswa makadhi matsva ekurangarira, kuitira kuti uwedzere kugona kweizvozvo.

Wireless chiteshi

Kubatana kwerudzi urwu rwezviteshi kunoitwa, pasina kudikanwa kwetambo, kuburikidza nekubatana pakati pekutepfenyurisa neanogamuchira vachishandisa magetsi emagetsi. Kana kuwanda kweiyo wave, iko kuchishandiswa, kuri mune infrared spectrum kunonzi infrared port. Kana iyo frequency inoshandiswa mune yekubatanidza iri yakajairwa imwe mune redhiyo masaiti saka ichave iri Bluetooth chiteshi.

Kubatsira kwekubatanidza kwekupedzisira uku ndekwekuti anotumira uye anogamuchira haafanire kutariswa nekuremekedzana kune mumwe nemumwe kuti kubatana kusungiswe. Izvi hazvisizvo neiyo infrared port. Mune ino kesi, zvishandiso zvinofanirwa "kuonana" mumwe nemumwe, uye hapana chinhu chinofanirwa kupindirwa pakati pavo sezvo kubatana kuchizokanganiswa.

USB chiteshi

Iyo izere plug & Play, ndiko kuti, nekungobatanidza chishandiso uye "kupisa" (nekombuta iri), chishandiso chinozivikanwa, nekuiswa, nekukasira. Izvo zvinodikanwa chete kuti iyo Inoshanda Sisitimu inosanganisira inoenderana mutyairi kana mutyairi. Iyo ine yakakwira yekumhanyisa kumhanya ichienzaniswa nemamwe marudzi emachiteshi. Kuburikidza ne USB tambo haisi data chete rinotamiswa; zvinokwanisika kusimbisa ekunze zvigadzirwa. Iko kunonyanyisa kushandiswa kwemutongi uyu 2.5 Watts.

Zviteshi zvine musoro

Iri ndiro zita rakapihwa kunharaunda, kana nzvimbo, ndangariro dzemakomputa inosanganiswa nechiteshi chemuviri kana nechairi chekutaurirana, uye icho chinopa nzvimbo yekuchengetedza kwenguva pfupi kwemashoko kutamiswa pakati penzvimbo. ndangariro uye chiteshi chekutaurirana.

MuInternet nharaunda, chiteshi ndicho kukosha icho chinoshandiswa, mune yekufambisa dura modhi, kusiyanisa pakati pezvishandiso zvakawanda zvinogona kubatana kune imwechete inomiririra, kana chiteshi.

Kunyangwe akawanda emachiteshi akagoverwa nenzira yehutsinye, mamwe madoko anogoverwa, nekokorodzano, kune mamwe maitiro kana masevhisi ehunhu hwese. Muchokwadi, iyo IANA (Internet Yakapihwa Manhamba Chiremera) inosarudza kugoverwa kwezviteshi zvese pakati pemitengo [0, 1023]. Semuenzaniso, iyo telnet kure yekubatanidza sevhisi, inoshandiswa paInternet, inosanganisirwa nechiteshi 23. Naizvozvo, kune tafura yemachiteshi yakapihwa mune iyi huwandu hwetsika. Iwo masevhisi uye kunyorera zvinosanganiswa mune zvakanyorwa zvinonzi Yakasarudzwa Port Assignments.

Maitiro ekuona akavhurika zvine musoro zviteshi?

Nyore, iwe unofanirwa kuisa iyo nmap chirongwa, chakabatanidzwa mune zvinyorwa zveese akakurumbira distros.

MuUbuntu, izvi zvingaite seizvi:

sudo apt-tora kuisa nmap

Kamwe yaiswa, iwe unofanirwa kungoimhanyisa, kujekesa iyo IP kana pseudonym yekombuta kana router yatinoda kuongorora. Saka, semuenzaniso, kutarisa akavhurika zviteshi pakombuta yako, ini ndakanyora:

nmap yemunohost

Kunyora zviteshi zvakavhurika pane yako router (kana iwe ukashandisa imwe), pfuura yayo IP separamende, panzvimbo ye localhost. Mune yangu kesi, zvaitaridzika seizvi:

nmap 192.168.0.1

Source: Wikipedia