Maitiro ekuziva kana yako hard drive yave kuda "kufa" kuiongorora ne fsck uye kugadzira backups neiyo tar raira

Zvidhiraivho zvakaoma zvikamu zvemakomputa edu uye kuti sezvinhu zvese zviri munyika ino pane imwe nguva zvinopera hupenyu hwavo hunobetsera, nekudaro kukosha kwekugara tichiita backup makopi edata redu uye kunyanya nekuti hatizive kuti zvichaitika riini uye tinorasikirwa neruzivo ; Hazvisi nyore kufungidzira kuti dhiraidhi redu rinokundikana riini, asi kana tikateerera zvimwe zviratidzo tinogona kutora matanho anodiwa kuti tisarase ruzivo.

Zvimwe zvezviratidzo zvandinotaura nezvazvo zvinotevera:

Mhere-mhere.

Makomputa edu, kunyangwe akanyarara sei, anogara achiitira ruzha kune zvese zvinoitika mukati mekesi, asi kazhinji mheremhere yatinoziva uye yatinokwanisa kuiona se "yakajairika".

Saka kana tikanzwa ruzha rwusingawanzoitika tinogona kutanga kunetsekana, nekuti zvinokwanisika kuti zvimwe zve hard drive misoro zvakuvara. Mumwe mukana ungangova wekuti mota iyo inososa ma disc haisi kushanda sezvainofanirwa. Saka tinofanira kungwarira kana ruzha urwu rwuchiwanzoitika uye ruchiitika nekumhanya, pamwe tine nguva shoma kupfuura yatinofunga.

Kutsakatika kweRuzivo.

Chimwe chezviratidzo zvakakosha uye icho chinotipa chiratidzo chakajeka chekuti chimwe chinhu hachina kunaka, ndipo patinosangana nematambudziko kana zvasvika chengetedza magwaro uye uvhure. Zvinotokwanisika kuti magwaro atakachengeta mumazuva apfuura isu hatichawanazve uye zvinotoita sekuti hatina kumboachengeta. Chinhu chinotevera chatinogona kuwana ndechekuti dzimwe nguva chirongwa chave kushanda chinowanzo mira kushanda husiku. Humwe hutachiona kana zvipembenene zvinogona kuve chikonzero, asi kwete nguva dzose; chakanakisa ndechekuti gadzira backup yeiyo data yatinoda kuchengeta nekunyatsoitarisa kuti tione kunze kwezvinokonzeresa.

Komputa yedu haizive dhisiki dhisiki.

Dzimwe nguva komputa yedu haigone kuwana dhisiki dhisiki rakaiswa mukati maro, dzimwe nguva chikonzero chikuru chinogona kuwanikwa mune imwechete disk drive uye kwete mune chimwe chinhu, asi zvinogona kunge zvisiri izvo nguva dzese, zvakanakisa zvatingaite gadza disk drive pane imwe komputa uye nekudaro tonga kuti dambudziko riripo kana chimwe chinhu.

Komputa yedu inopunzika kazhinji.

Kana isu takawona kazhinji kazhinji kupfuura zvakajairwa kuti komputa yedu inopunzika sei kana ikatangazve kana kuti ikadzima patiri mukuita, chiratidzo chekuti chimwe chinhu hachina kunaka uye kuti isu tinofanira kutora matanho pamusoro penyaya isati yanyanya nguva yapera.uye chinhu chinogoneka pane zvese chiri kutipedzera nguva, ndechekuti chikonzero chezvese chiri mune yedu disk drive.

Inononoka kuwana nguva.

Chimwe chiratidzo chisina kujeka chekuti dhiraidhi redu riri kukundikana ndirini isu tinoedza kuwana yedu faira yekuongorora uye iyo nguva inotora kuiwana ndeyekusingaperi kana patinoyedza kuwana marara edu uye zvinotora zvachose kuaburitsa, chinhu chakachengeteka ndechekuti munguva yemwedzi mumwe kana pamwe mwedzi miviri tichafanira kutsiva yedu hard drive. Uye usakanganwe, zvakanakisa kugara uine backup kuti udzivise zvakaipa zvakanyanya.

Tinogona kuita hard drive status kutarisa tichishandisa rairo fsck asi isu tinofanirwa kungwarira nekuti nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza iyo data iri pane diski, hazvikurudzirwe kutanga fsck Pakakamurwa pakamisikidzwa, tsika yakanakisa usati washandisa uyu murairo ndeyekudzikisa chikamu usati wamhanya nacho.

Kuita fsck mune inotevera reboot isu tinofanirwa kuita iwo wekuraira shutdown uye isu tinowedzera paramende -f:

kudzima -r -F izvozvi

Tinogona zvakare kugadzira iyo faira uchaku zvakananga mumudzi wesystem:

Bata / simba

Kana sisitimu yadzorera pakaoma dhisiki ichaongororwa uye iyo faira / simbafsck ichabviswa.

Saka kana iwe uchida kugadzira backup yemashoko ako, nzira iri nyore yekuzviita uye nemaoko uri kushandisa rairo tar iyo inomanikidzwa faira ichagadzirwa uye izvo zviri nyore kushandisa.

Iyi ndiyo syntax yatichashandisa nayo kuraira kwetara:

tar [parameters]

Aya ndiwo mamwe emabasa anonyanya kushandiswa nemutemo wetara:

-z: Kumanikidza mafaera uchishandisa gzip

-c: kugadzira iyo faira

-v: Verbose maitiro. (Inotiratidza kufambira mberi apo iyo faira iri kugadzirwa)

-fKuti uone zita refaira

-p inotibvumidza kuchengetedza mvumo yefaira

-x Kubvisa iyo faira

Zvino, ngatiendei nemuenzaniso tichishandisa iyo tar raira

Kana isu tichida kutsikisa dhairekitori muhuwandu hwayo tiri kuzoshandisa zvinotevera:

tar -zcvf backup-home.tar.gz / home / *  

Uchishandisa uyu murairo unoita backup yemafaira ese ari mudhairekitori repamba.

Asi kana izvo zvatinoda kuita backup yakakwana yeiyo system, iyo yatinogona kuchengetedza zvirongwa, dhata, zvigadziriso, nezvimwe, kuitira kuti tigone kudzorera zvese zvatinazvo pakombuta yedu kana tikarasikirwa zvachose, tinofanirwa kuita zvinotevera:

tar cvpzf /backup-full.tar.gz -exclude = / proc -exclude = / yakarasika + yakawanikwa -exclude = / backup-full.tar.gz -exclude = / mnt -exclude = / sys -exclude = dev / pts /

Iwo "anosanganisa" ayo ari mukati memirairo ndeaya, kusabvisa madhairekitori asina kukosha uye kuti iyo system inobata zvine simba mafaira, izvo zvinokonzeresa matambudziko uye kuburitsa zvikanganiso patiri kuita backup.

Dzosera mabhakiti:

Kana tave kuzodzorera backup, isu tinoshandisa iyo -x kuraira

Nemurairo uyu zvirimo mune dhairekitori razvino zvinobviswa, kuchengetedza mvumo (-p).

tar -zxvpf https://www.netsons.com/fullbackup.tar.gz

Kana isu tisingade kuchengeta mvumo asi chete tinobvisa zvirimo mune yazvino dhairekitori isu tinoshandisa uyu murairo.

tar -zxvf backup-home.tar.gz

Kubvisa mafaera aive mu / home

tar -zxvf backup-home.tar.gz / home