Kutevera tambo nezve dingindira re maitiro ekutanga muDebian, imomol mune yapfuura positi vamwe vedu Linux Post Install yakagovaniswa pano pa blog (unogona kutarisa chinyorwa pa chinotevera chinongedzo). Iye zvino mune dzimwe nhau dzichangopfuura, mazuva mashoma apfuura kufona kwakaitwa kune vanogadzira Debian kuti vatore chikamu muvhoti pane kusiyanisa kwemaitiro ekutanga muDebian, kunyangwe izvi zvichibvumidzwa zvakare kana kwete.
Tinofanira kurangarira izvozvo muna 2014 paive nevhoti mushure kubva pakatorerwa Debian systemd, umo panguva iyoyo yaive nyaya yemakakatanwa akakura. Muna Kukadzi 2014, technical technical committee inotarisira Debian yakanga yafunga kuti kune inotevera inotevera vhezheni yesisitimu yekushandisa, systemd yaizoshandiswa senge default boot system.
Zvisinei, systemd yakarambwa nedzimwe nhengo kubva kunzvimbo yakavhurika sosi yenharaunda, vaitenda kuti chirongwa ichi chakapesana nefilosofi yeUnix uye kuti vavaki vayo vakaita anti-Unix, sezvo systemd isingaenderane neese asiri maLinux masisitimu.
Vatungamiriri vaishandisa Debian muna Gumiguru 2014 vakatanga chirongwa chakateedzana chekutyisidzira pakati peiyo yaisiya chirongwa kana systemd yaizoshandiswa nekutadza.
Mavhiki mashoma gare gare, nhengo ina dzakakurumbira dzenharaunda yeDebian dzakasiya basa. kana kudzora kutora kwavo chikamu. Colin Watson naRuss Allberry, nhengo mbiri dzeDebian Project technical Committee, vakazivisa kusiya kwavo basa munaNovember 8 na16, 2014, zvichiteerana.
Mushure mekumanikidzwa kwese uku, komiti yehunyanzvi yakatanga imwe vhoti uchienzaniswa nesystemd pamberi pezvinhu zvaizopihwa mu "Jessie" zvakaomeswa nechando.
Munguva iyoyo sarudzo dzinoverengeka dzakakurudzirwa (ese mashanu) kugadzirisa kusawirirana. Ian Jackson, nhengo yekomiti yehunyanzvi, akakurudzira kubatanidza masystem, achipokana kuti maDebian mapakeji, kazhinji, haadi imwe bhutsu system, uye kuti zvaive zvakafanira kutora rairo yehunyanzvi kuti umanikidze, kunze kwezviitiko zvakasiyana. akaruramiswa.
Mumwe anovandudza akataura kuti rutsigiro rwemamwe mabhutsu masisitimu runokurudzirwa, asi harudiwe.
Pakupedzisira kushandiswa kwe systemd kwakachengetwa sekutanga kwakarongwa. Mhedzisiro yekuvhota yakaburitswa munaNovember 2014.
Iwo ekutanga masisitimu muDebian anogona kudzoka
Zvino makore mashanu gare gare, Debian akatanga vhoti nyowani kutonga kufarira "init system kusiyanisa" uye zvakadii kana kwete vashandisi veDebian vane hanya nedzimwe nzira dzekutsigira systemd.
Kudanwa kwekuvhota kwakaziviswa nguva pfupi yadarika pane tsamba yekutumira uye vhoti inopera musi waZvita 27. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, isu tinofanirwa kuziva izvo nharaunda yekusimudzira yeDebian yatora danho remangwana rebasa rehurongwa hwekugovera rutsigiro.
Nekuda kwemafungiro akasiyana kubva kune vagadziri veDebian pakubata zvisiri-zvehurongwa zvikanganiso mu2019 uye kufarira / kuzvipira kutsigira dzimwe nzira dzechikamu sechikamu cheDebian package uye akasiyana akanangana ekunamatira mapoinzi, ivo vari kutsvaga kutora imwe nyowani. gadziriso yakajairika pakuyera kusiyanisa kweiyo init system.
Mushure mekutaura kwevanhu, Idzo nzira sere dzekuvhota kune vanogadzira Debian dzinosanganisira:
- Tarisa pane systemd
- Yakagadziriswa asi isu tinotsigira kutsvaga dzimwe nzira.
- Tsigiro yemazhinji boot system yakakosha.
- Inotsigira isiri-system masystem, pasina ichivharira mberi.
- Inotsigira kutakurika, pasina ichivharira mberi.
- Tsigiro yemazhinji boot system inodiwa.
- Tsigiro yekutakurika uye kuita kwakawanda.
- Enderera hurukuro.
Pakati pesarudzo dzakaratidzwa Vagadziri veDebian vachakwanisa kusarudza anopfuura rimwe chete kana vachida.
Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve Nezve izvo nhau, iwe unogona kutarisa iyo Debian tsamba yekutumira ku chinotevera chinongedzo. Mukuwedzera kune izvo mune zvakadzama pane iyo nyaya nezve sarudzo iyo vagadziri veDebian vane yekuvhota.
Chekupedzisira, mhedzisiro inogona kuziviswa zuva rimwe mushure mekuguma kwekuvhota, kureva kuti, Zvita 28.
systemd inoyamwa !!
Kunyangwe zvingave zvisingaite senge, ini ndinofunga kune kukura kuri kuziva kwekuti inokuvadza systemd sei uye kune mamwe ma distros asingaashandise kana kupa akawanda anotangisa.
Ini pachangu, ndinofara neArtix (iri Arch asi isina symmted) uye OpenRC seinit, kunyange ichipawo Runit uye ikozvino s6. Ini ndinongogona kutaura kuti zvinoshamisa. Ndine bhuti rakapetwa katatu palaptop yangu uye ini ndichine (panguva ino nekuti ndine husimbe) kupatsanura naArch uye kunyangwe zvichitaridzika kuti hapana misiyano, zviripo Chandakacherekedza ndechekuti Artix inotanga nekukurumidza kana iwe uine parallelization yakaitwa kupfuura Arch kusvika iyo ssdm login screen (ini ndinoshandisa plasma) asi ndeyekuti kubva panguva yaunopinda password kusvikira Arch desktop ichioneka zvinotora nguva yakareba kupfuura Artix saka iyo bhutsu kumhanya yaive mukana vamwe vanotaurwa nezve systemd yakanga yaparara. Chinhu chega icho Arch chinoita nekukurumidza kupfuura Artix kudzima uye kwete nguva dzose. Kana paine imwe yeakakurumbira ekuverengera anouya kana iwe uchinzwa senge, zviri zvishoma zvishoma. Zvandakawana naArtix zviri pamusoro pekusadzikama kwese, hazviite izvo zvinokatyamadza (zvinopfuura kurovera ndezvekuti inova kamba kwemasekondi), kana maitiro asina kujairika nguva nenguva kana mameseji ekuvhara izvo anoziva izvo zvavanoreva izvo Ndiyo imwezve sampuro (yemienzaniso mizhinji) yechirongwa yakaipa uye inotyisa zvekuti kubvira iyo kunyange muDebian nekugadzikana kwayo, zvinoitika (ini zvakare ndine pc naDebian), isu hatisi dambudziko redistro kana komputa futi. Zvinoitika zvakangofanana pakombuta senge pane imwe (imwe makumi matatu, mamwe makumi matanhatu neshanu, imwe yakanyatsojeka uye imwe haisi), chinhu chega chavanacho chakafanana systemd. Kunyangwe Artix iri muchina unotenderera wakagadzikana (uchishandisa lts kernel) sezvawaimbove Jessie asati asvika. Ini ndanga ndine 32 matambudziko kunyangwe hongu, ini ndaifanira kuverenga zvishoma nezve OpenRC kuti ndizive zvishoma nezve mirairo asi kwete kupfuura pandakaiverenga kuti ndidzidze maitiro ekubata systemd.
Ikozve kune zvakare nyaya yaDevuan, iyo kubva mumaonero angu kurova kumeso kwaDebian sezvo pave kutanga kuve nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zveDebian zvakachinja hwaro hwaDevuan.
Iyo nhamba yekutanga distro mune iyo distrowatch chinzvimbo (MX Linux) haishandise systemd seinit (kunyangwe ichishandisa shim kuti ienderane).
Zvisinei, patova nemimwe mienzaniso yakati wandei yeanokwanisa distros anoenda kupfuura systemd uye anoshanda zvirinani mumaonero angu.
Sezvineiwo, Debian anofanirwa kuzvibata saDevuan uye rega iwe usarudze. Kana Ubuntu ikachinja iyo init mushure meizvozvo, zvigadzirwa zvayo zvese zvaizozviitawo zvakare uye zvakapusa, kunyangwe kana inertia, systemd yaizoenda kuchimbuzi, inova nzvimbo iyo yaisingatombofanirwa kubva kubva pakuita, vashoma chete ma distros vanoishandisa. Chaizvoizvo iyo nyika yeRed Hat, Suse, Arch uye zvimwe zvishoma sezvo zvakawanda zveLinux zvakasikwa zvinowana zvakananga kana zvisina kunangana kubva kunaDebian.
PS.- Ndine urombo nekuzviwanzira zvakanyanya, asi ndanga ndatsamwa nenyaya iyi.
rumwe ruzivo: https://vegnuli.wordpress.com/2019/11/24/diversidad-de-los-sistemas-de-inicio-en-peligro-en-debian-afecta-a-otras-distros/#more-285 uye yakagadziridzwa mukati http://vegnuli.blogspot.com/2019/11/diversidad-de-los-sistemas-de-inicio-en.html