Pascal mutauro wepurogiramu wakatanga kubudiswa muna 1970, uyu waive mutauro wechirongwa akazvarwa mukati memakore ekutanga ehurongwa hwakarongeka uye anotendeuka makumi mashanu.
Pascal, inoshandiswa mukuvandudza software uye inonyanya kuwanikwa mune dzidzo. Munyori waro, Niklaus Wirth, akafuridzirwa nebasa rake rekare paAlgol W. nazvo izvo haana kugutsikana zvizere. Muchokwadi, pakupera kwema1950, Fortran (FORmula TRANslator) yesainzi yekushandisa uye Cobol (Yakajairika Bhizinesi Yakatemerwa Mutauro) yezvokutengeserana mafomu zvaive zvakakurisa.
Uye 1960, komiti yenyika yakaburitsa mutauro weAlgol 60, ino yaive nguva yekutanga kuti mutauro utsanangurwe nekuumbwa kwakaumbwa pfupi uye neyakajeka uye yakarongeka syntax.
About Makore maviri gare gare, vabereki vake vakasarudza kugadzirisa zvimwe uye nekuvandudzwa kwemutauro, nekuti Algol 60 yaingogadzirirwa komputa yesainzi. Naizvozvo, boka rinoshanda rakaumbwa muchirongwa ichi.
Zvisinei, havazi vese vakabvumirana nezvakataurwa zvitsva izvo zvichawedzerwa kumutauro, izvo zvakaguma nemapoka maviri mukati memharaunda.
Imwe yacho yaive yakanangwa nemutauro wechipiri ine hutsva hutsva, isina kuongororwa miedzo uye yakapararira kuchinjika. Kuzvarwa kwanga kusiri chikamu cheiyi subgroup iyo chikumbiro chakagamuchirwa uye ndokubereka Algol 68.
Akasiya boka rakatenderedza 1966 ndokusimuka, pamwe nevamwe Ph.D. vadzidzi veStanford University, kunovaka muunganidzi wezvaakange ataura. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive Algol W mutauro muna 1967.
Akataura kuti Algol W yaishandiswa mumakomputa mazhinji eBM mainframe. Wirth anorondedzera kuti Algol W yaive yakabudirira zvikuru kana ichienzaniswa neAlgol 68. "Algol 68 landmark yakaonekwa, uye ndokukurumidza kuwira mukusaziva pasi pehuremu hwayo, kunyangwe dzimwe pfungwa dzayo dzakapona mumitauro yakatevera," akadaro.
Zvisinei, Algol W anga asina kukwana kwaari kufarira, sezvo yainge ichine zvibvumirano zvakawandisa, sezvo zvakabva kukomisheni.
Wirth akabva atora basa nyowani uye akakwanisa kugadzira mutauro mutsva zvachose maererano nezvaanoda, izvo zvaakatumidza kuti Pascal. Mune memo pane webhusaiti yeAssociation for Computing Machinery (ACM), sangano repasirese risingabatsiri rakazvipira kukomputa, akati basa iri rizere nekushamisika kwaari uye kuti iye nevashandi vake vakasangana nenjodzi panguva yekusimudzira.
Ivo vaida kutsanangura muunganidzi muPascal, voishandura nemaoko muFortran, uye pakupedzisira vonyora yekutanga neyechipiri.
Wirth akati uku kwaive kukundikana kukuru, kunyanya nekuda kwekushaikwa kwematafura eFortran, izvo zvakaita kuti dudziro iyi ive yakaoma.
Nekudaro, kuyedza kwechipiri kwakabudirira, uko pachinzvimbo cheFortran, mutauro weScallop wakashandiswa. Ziva kuti Wirth aive mutevedzeri wapurofesa paStanford University kubva 1963 kusvika 1967, ipapo kuYunivhesiti yeZurich. Akazove purofesa wekomputa kuETHZ (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology muZurich), asati abva pamabasa muna Kubvumbi 1999.
Wirth akati izvo, seyakatangira Algol 60, Pascal ane dudziro chaiyo uye zvimwe zvakakosha zviwanikwa. Iwo iwo mirairo inotsanangura kugoverwa kwemitengo kune akasiyana uye ane mamiriro uye akadzokororwa kuuraya. Chii chimwe, paive nemaitiro uye aidzokororwa. Sekureva kwemunyori, mhando dzedata uye zvimiro zvaive zvakakosha kuwedzera, uye yavo yekutanga data mhando dzaive manhamba uye echokwadi, Boolean tsika, mavara, uye enumerations (ezvimisikidzo).
Izvo zvimiro zvaive zvakarongedzwa, zvinyorwa, mafaera (akateedzana), uye zvinongedzo. Maitiro acho aisanganisira maviri marudzi eparameter: kukosha parameter uye kusiyanisa parameter. Maitiro anogona kushandiswa zvekare.
Chinonyanya kukosha, akadaro, yaive pfungwa iri kwese kwese yerudzi rwe data.
Imwe neimwe yenguva dzose, inoshanduka, kana mashandiro aive erudzi uye yakamisikidzwa mhando. Saka zvirongwa izvi zvaisanganisira yakawanda redundancy iyo compiler yaigona kushandisa kutarisa kuenderana kwemhando dzedata. Izvi zvakabatsira kubata zvikanganiso usati wamhanya chirongwa.
mabviro: https://cacm.acm.org/
Ronga makore mashoma mu pascal, ipfupi uye yakanaka kwazvo mutauro. Zvakaipa zvakadzoserwa nechikosoro, java