Pfungwa, kuverenga uye mawebhusaiti izvo mushandisi wese weGNU / Linux anofanira kuziva

Nhasi, zvakakosha kune chero nhengo uye mushandisi chero nharaunda kana tekinoroji, pamusoro pezvose zvitsva, tichiziva zvakadzama iyo mabhesiki akakosha pane zvese zvavanoshandisa, vagovana nekutsigira.

Naizvozvo, muchinyorwa chino tichazivisa zvimwe pfungwa dzakakosha zvine chekuita ne Yemahara Software, Vhura Sosi, GNU, Linux / BSD / Unix, ayo ari chikamu che kuverenga kwakakosha de akakosha mawebhusaiti, kuti isu tese tiri chikamu cheMunharaunda iyi, tinofanira kuzviita pane imwe nguva, kunyanya kana tiri kutanga mairi.

Naizvozvo, iyo kurudziro kana uchiverenga izvo zvekutanga pfungwa zvakaburitswa pano, ndeyekuti iyo imwechete inodzika kuburikidza ne kuverenga kwakakosha kubva kwavakabviswa, ndiko kuti, kwavo zvepamhepo nhepfenyuro mawebhusaiti, kuitira kuti vawedzere ruzivo rwavo nezve zvatiri kunyanya kufarira, kana kutanga kuva nechido kana ivo vari vashandisi vatsva veNharaunda.

Pfungwa, kuverenga uye zvinobatsira mawebhusaiti

Basic mazano ekudzidza

Maererano ne GNU Project yepamutemo webhusaiti, zvinotevera pfungwa dzakakosha inogona kutsanangurwa muchidimbu seinotevera, zvisinei ndokumbirawo urangarire kuita iyo yakakurudzirwa kuverenga yeanobatanidza zvinongedzo kuti unzwisise mamiriro ese akanangana nerondedzero ipfupi yakadaro:

Zvinorevei kuti Mahara Software inosanganisira?

"Iyo software inoremekedza rusununguko rwevashandisi nenharaunda. Zvakare kutaura, zvinoreva kuti vashandisi vane rusununguko rwekumhanya, kuteedzera, kugovera, kudzidza, kugadzirisa, uye kugadzirisa software. Mune mamwe mazwi, "yemahara software" mubvunzo werusununguko, kwete mutengo. Kuti unzwisise pfungwa iyi, funga nezve "yemahara" se "hurukuro yemahara," kwete "yemahara bar." MuchiRungu, dzimwe nguva pachinzvimbo che "software yepachena" tinoti "mahara software", tichishandisa chirevo chechiFrench kana chiSpanish, chakatorwa kubva ku "rusununguko", kuratidza kuti hatireve kuti software iyi mahara." Yakurudzirwa kuverenga.

Zvinorevei zvinosanganisira Open Source?

"Izwi rekuti "yemahara software" uye "rakavhurika sosi" rinoreva kune imwechete seti yezvirongwa. Nekudaro, ivo vanotaura zvakasiyana zvinhu pamusoro pezvirongwa izvi, zvichibva pamitero yakasiyana. Iyo yemahara software yekufambisa inodzivirira rusununguko rwevashandisi vemakomputa, mukufamba kwerusununguko uye kururamisira. Mukupesana, iyo yakavhurika sosi pfungwa inonyanya kukoshesa zvinobatsira uye haidziviri misimboti. Ose ari maviri anotsanangura angangoita akafanana chikamu che software, asi anomiririra maonero anoenderana neakasiyana tsika." Yakurudzirwa kuverenga.

Chii chinorehwa neGNU seinoshanda Sisitimu?

"GNU ndeye yemahara software inoshanda sisitimu, ndiko kuti, inoremekedza rusununguko rwevashandisi. Iyo GNU inoshanda sisitimu ine yeGNU mapakeji (zvirongwa zvakanyatso kuburitswa neiyo GNU chirongwa) pamwe neyemahara software yakaburitswa nevechitatu mapato. Kuvandudzwa kweGNU kwakatendera kuti komputa ishandiswe isina software inokanganisa rusununguko rwedu. Zvakare, GNU ndeye Unix-senge inoshanda sisitimu, zvinoreva kuti iunganidzwa emapurogiramu mazhinji: kunyorera, maraibhurari, maturusi ekuvandudza, uye kunyange mitambo." Yakurudzirwa kuverenga.

Zvinorevei izvo Linux zvinosanganisira seKernel yeiyo Inoshanda Sisitimu?

"Linux ndiyo kernel: chirongwa chehurongwa icho chakanangana nekugovera zviwanikwa zvemuchina kune zvimwe zvirongwa zvinoshandiswa nemushandisi. Iko kernel chikamu chakakosha chehurongwa hwekushanda, asi husina basa pachayo, inogona kungoshanda mukati mehurongwa hwesisitimu yakazara yekushanda. Linux inowanzo shandiswa pamwe chete neGNU inoshanda sisitimu: iyo yakazara sisitimu ndeyeGNU kune iyo Linux yakawedzerwa, ndiko kuti, GNU / Linux. Zvese zvinonzi "Linux" zviyero ndezvekuparadzirwa kweGNU / Linux." Yakurudzirwa kuverenga.

Zvimwe zvinobatsira zvekutanga

Zvinorevei kuti BSD inosanganisira seKernel yeiyo Inoshanda Sisitimu?

"«BSD inomirira "Berkeley Software Distribution". Iri izita reYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Berkeley sosi yekuparadzira kodhi, ayo aive ekutanga ekuwedzera eUNIX® inoshanda system kubva kuAT&T Tsvagiridzo. Mapurojekiti akati wandei eakavhurika sosi anoshanda masisitimu ane mavambo awo mukuparadzirwa kwekodhi iyi inozivikanwa sa4.4BSD-Lite. Uye zvakare, iwo anoverengeka emapakeji kubva kune mamwe akavhurwa sosi mapurojekiti, kusanganisira kunyanya iyo GNU chirongwa." Yakurudzirwa kuverenga.

Dzimwe pfungwa dzakakosha yatinokurudzira kuziva, kudzamisa nekujekesa ndeiyi:

• Unix
• Kernel

Inobatsira mawebhusaiti kuziva uye kuongorora

1. DistroWatch
2. Apache Foundation
3. LibreOffice Foundation
4. Linux Foundation
5. Mozilla Foundation
6. Yemahara Software Foundation
7. Vhura Boka (Unix Standard)
8. Vhura Sosi Sangano
9. Linux Kernel Sangano
10. Linux sangano
11. GNU chirongwa
12. Saiti Yepamutemo yaRichard Stallman

Mhedziso

Tinovimba izvi "inobatsira shoma posvo" nezve zvimwe «Conceptos básicos»inobatsira uye yakakosha, vese vashandisi vekare uye vane ruzivo pamwe neve nyowani uye novices; ndeyekufarira kukuru uye kushandiswa, kweiyo yese «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» uye yemupiro mukuru mukupararira kweinoshamisa, hombe uye kukura ecosystem yezvishandiso zve «GNU/Linux».

Uye kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, usazeze nguva dzose kushanyira chero Raibhurari yepaindaneti Chemhondoro OpenLibra y jedit kuverenga mabhuku (maPDF) pamusoro penyaya iyi kana zvimwe nzvimbo dzekuziva. Parizvino, kana iwe waifarira izvi «publicación», usarega kuigovana nevamwe, mune yako Anofarira mawebhusaiti, chiteshi, mapoka, kana nharaunda yemasocial network, zviri nyore yemahara uye yakavhurika se Mastodon, kana kuchengetedzeka uye zvakavanzika senge teregiramu.