Tumira Kuisa Gwaro DEBIAN 8/9 - 2016 - Chikamu I

Mune uno mukana isu tichataura nezve mamwe matanho akakosha atingatore tese kutevera gadza GNU Linux DEBIAN kugovera mune yayo vhezheni 8 Jessie (Yakagadzika) kana 9 Kutambanudza (Kuedza), kana imwe yakavakirwa pairi.

Kurudziro: Pakuita nhanho idzi, ndakanyatso tarisa mameseji enyaradzo, uye kunyanya kunyatso gamuchira iwo anoratidza mapakeji achabviswa ...".

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STEP 0: INITIATE OPERATING SYSTEM NE ROOT TERMINAL

CHITATU 1: KUITA BASIC NETWORK SETTINGS

CHITATU 1.1 SUNGUDZIRA NETWORK MANAGER NETWORK INTERFACE

• Gadza Network maneja:

nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

• Chinja izwi «venhema"na"zvechokwadi«
• Sevha shanduko
• Tangazve sevhisi:

service network-manager restart

• Gadza Network Interface:

nano /etc/network/interfaces

• Chinja iyo yazvino gadziriso kune iyo nyowani:

NUEVA POR DHCP
============

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
allow-hotplug eth0
#iface eth0 inet dhcp

Cherechedza: Mutsara wekupedzisira unotaurwa nekuti kana uine iyo Network maneja kuiswa (zvechokwadi) izvi zvichaita manejimendi DHCP. Kusagadzikana kana iwe ukaremadza (venhema) kana usina iyo Network maneja.

NUEVA POR STATIC
=============

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
allow-hotplug eth0
#iface eth0 inet dhcp
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.XXX
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.1.0
broadcast 192.168.1.255
gateway 192.168.1.1

dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1
dns-search tu_dominio.com

• Tangazve sevhisi:

service networking restart

Cherechedza: Kana iwe uine iyo Network maneja yakaiswa uye yakamisikidzwa inogona kuita manejimendi DHCP kuburikidza nemifananidzo.

Nhanho 1.2 GADZIRA Iyo TIMU DOMAIN

• Rongedza iyo faira iumbai.conf:

cat /etc/resolv.conf

- Wedzera zvirimo zvinotevera nekumisikidza parameter network: # Yakagadzirwa neNetworkManager tsvaga yako_domain.com nameserver 192.168.1.1

CHITATU 1.3 GADZIRA SYSTEM ZVEPAMUSORO UYE WEB browser

Cherechedza: Ita nhanho iyi kuitira kuti komputa yako iri muInisheni ine Proxy (Kwete Transparent) kuSurf Internet.

USERI MENU -> CONTROL PANEL BUTTON (SYSTEM PREFERENCES) NECHINOGONESESA NUT SYMBOL -> "NETWORK" Sarudzo -> "NETWORK ProXY" Sarudzo -> BHUKU RINODA -> GADZIRA ZVINODIWA ZVINOGONESA.

BHURAZI RAKASIMBIRA PASI «FIREFOX» SEI «ICEWEASEL» -> ZVINODZIDZISWA -> ZVAKAWANDA -> NETWORK -> KUSIMBISA -> BHUKU ROKUDZIDZA

1.4 KUSIMBISA MASHOKO. LIST

• Rongedza uye wedzera zvirimo zvirimo:

nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Cherechedza: Kana iwe uri mushandisi wepakati kana wepamberi ruzivo, ini ndinokurudzira kushandisa ese mitsara yeakaberekerwa DEBIAN matura, asi kana iwe uri mutsva kana wekutanga ruzivo mushandisi, ini ndinokurudzira chete kushandisa yekutanga mitsara mitatu yeakataurwa epamutemo maRisheni kwechinguva ku enda uchiwedzera ruzivo. Ndokunge, taura mitsara iri ye "Jessie-backports" y "Web-multimedia.org", Nezvikonzero zvekugadzikana uye zvekuchengetedza.

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# REPOSITORIOS OFICIALES DE LINUX DEBIAN 8 (JESSIE)
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ jessie main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ jessie-updates main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ jessie-backports main contrib non-free
deb http://www.deb-multimedia.org jessie main non-free
# aptitude install deb-multimedia-keyring
#
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# REPOSITORIOS OFICIALES DE LINUX DEBIAN 9 (STRETCH)
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ stretch main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/ stretch/updates main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ stretch-updates main contrib non-free
deb http://www.deb-multimedia.org stretch main non-free
# aptitude install deb-multimedia-keyring
#
#####################################################

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# REPOSITORIOS OFICIALES PARA ICEWEASEL
deb http://mozilla.debian.net/ jessie-backports iceweasel-release
# aptitude install pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring
#
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# REPOSITORIOS OFICIALES PARA GOOGLE CHROME - TALKPLUGIN - GOOGLE EARTH
deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main
deb http://dl.google.com/linux/talkplugin/deb/ stable main
# deb http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb/ stable main
# wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add -
#
#####################################################

Ongorora: Google Earth ndeye chete makumi matatu nemaviri ekuparadzirwa

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# REPOSITORIOS OFICIALES PARA VIRTUALBOX
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian jessie contrib
# wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
# #####################################################

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STEPI 2: KUSIMBISA PROXY (TEMPORARILY) MU CONSOLE / TERMINAL

Cherechedza: Darika danho iri kana iwe usina proxy kana rakagadziriswa pachena muKambani yako kana Sangano. Kana kana zvinyorwa zvako zviri zvemuno (zvemukati).

• Mhanya:

export http_proxy=http://ip_proxy:puerto_proxy

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STEPI 3: ITA SYSTEM MAINTENANCE UYE UPENYU

Nhanho 3.1 MAINTENANCE uye BASIC UPDATE

• Mhanya:

apt-get update / apt update

Cherechedza 1: Kana uchiita «apt-tora yekuvandudza / apt kugadzirisa»Iyo system inokuudza:

E: Haikwanise kukiya / var / lib / dpkg / kukiya kuvhura (11: Resource haina kuwanikwa kwenguva pfupi),

E: Haikwanise kukiya dhairekitori re admin (/ var / lib / dpkg /), pamwe pane imwe nzira yekuishandisa?

W: Faira yevault yaisakwanisa kuvharwa. Izvi zvinowanzoreva kuti dpkg kana chimwe chishandiso chakakodzera kuisa mapakeji. Ichavhura mune yekuverenga-chete maitiro, ese shanduko iwe aunoita kune iyo mamiriro emapakeji achave AKARASIKA!

Mhanya:

rm -f /var/lib/apt/lists/lock

Kugona kuita chero chiitiko mune iyo terminal. Kana iyo meseji ikapfuurira, vhara chikamu chevashandisi uye wotangazve iyo Sisitimu Yekushandisa kuti utange chikamu chemushandisi zvakare.

Cherechedza 2: Rangarira kuti maererano nekuchengeteka, iyo DEBIAN Multimedia Repositories haina kuvimbika kana kuvimbika, uyezve, kana ichinge yakasanganiswa neiyo yeDEBIAN 8, ivo vanokumbira kubvisa mamwe mapakeji kana maraibhurari kubva mairi kuti vatsive avo. Ini pachangu handina kuve nezvinetso nazvo, asi yambiro haina kunyanyisa!

Cherechedza 3: Kana ako Distro (Kugoverwa) DEBHANI kana zvichibva pa DEBHANI haina kuunza package «kugona»Nekumisikidza yakaiswa, enderera kuiisa ne:

apt-get install aptitude

Ndakaenderera mberi nekuiswa kwemakiyi ezvose zvakaiswa zvekuwedzera marekodhi:

aptitude install pkg-mozilla-archive-keyring

aptitude install deb-multimedia-keyring

wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add -

Cherechedza: Kana iyo Google repository kiyi isina kuisirwa nekuda kwekubatana matambudziko (proxy) kuInternet kubva kune inisitic network (yemukati), ita unotevera kuraira zvakananga kuitira kuti makiyi eiyo repository aiswe:

aptitude install google-chrome-stable google-talkplugin

uye wobva wataura / bvisa ekunze ekuchengetera (zvakapetwa kana kwete) zveGoogle kana zvichidikanwa kuitira kuti isataure kudzokorora kweRepositori:

rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google*

Wobva waenderera nekuvandudza zvinyorwa zvemapakeji kubva kuzvitoro zvakare:

aptitude update / apt-get update / apt update

Cherechedza: Unogona kuona zvichagadziriswa ne:

apt list --upgradable

Wobva waita yakachengeteka yekuvandudza yemapakeji nyowani aripo:

aptitude upgrade / aptitude safe-upgrade / apt-get upgrade / apt upgrade 

Cherechedza: Chete kana iwe uri Wepamberi mushandisi kana ane ruzivo Technologist ita:

aptitude yakazara-kusimudzira / apt-tora kure-kusimudzira / apt yakazara-kusimudzira

Ini ndakaramba ndichigadzirisa chero matambudziko epakeji aripo muInoshanda Sisitimu:

aptitude install -f / apt-get install -f / apt install -f
dpkg --configure -a

STEPI 3.1 KUITA MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE

• Gadza:

aptitude install localepurge

- Mhanya:

localepurge update-grub; update-grub2; aptitude clean; aptitude autoclean; aptitude remove; aptitude purge

3.2 STEP  KUITA ZVAKADZIDZISWA ZVEMAHARA NEKUDZIDZA

• Mhanya:

aptitude install deborphan
aptitude remove --purge `deborphan --guess-all`
aptitude remove --purge `deborphan --libdev`
dpkg --purge $(deborphan --find-config)
aptitude install preload
aptitude install prelink
nano /etc/default/prelink
Sustituir PRELINKING=unknown por PRELINKING=yes
prelink -all

Nhanho 3.3 Dzorerazve SYSTEM UYE KUSANGANA NESHANDURO
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