Uchishandisa iyo dd raira

Iyo dd (Dataset Tsanangudzo) rairo iri nyore, inobatsira, uye zvinoshamisa kuti zviri nyore kushandisa chishandiso; Neichi chishandiso iwe unogona kuita zvakafanana, pane zvishandiso: disks uye zvikamu, sekune nezvirongwa zvekushambadzira senge Norton Ghost, paWindows kana mahara zvirongwa senge CloneZilla, paLinux, ine pfupi chete yekuraira tambo.

Basic Syntax:

Iyo yakakosha syntax yekushandisa iyo dd raizove iyi:

sudo dd if=origen of=destino

Kupi kana zvichireva "yekuisa faira = yekuisa faira", Kureva, izvo zvaunoda kuteedzera uye ye nzira "kuburitsa faira = kuburitsa faira", Kureva, iyo faira rekuenda (uko iyo data ichazoteedzerwa);mavambo uye Iyo yekuenda inogona kuve zvishandiso (CD kana DVD muverengi, hard disk, floppy disk, pendrive, partition, nezvimwewo), backup faira kana disk mufananidzo, nezvimwewo, asi kwete maforodha kana maforodha.

Nekushandisa mushe kwemurairo uyu, chinhu chekutanga chinogara chichijeka sezvo zvikamu / zvinotyaira zvinodaidzwa muLinux (/ dev / sda1 semuenzaniso; / dev inotora kubva kuchinhu = chishandiso, muChirungu). kuziva sosi nekwairi kuenda dhisiki / partition, chimwe chinhu chatinogona kuwana zviri nyore nemirairo Sudo fdisk -lo ine imwe graphical partition chirongwa senge gparted. Ruzivo rwese nezve dd rairo rinogona kubvunzwa nemirairo man dd uye info dd,

Uyu murairo unofanirwa kushandiswa nekuchenjerera, uye kugara uchitarisa kurongeka uye zita remadhisiki / zvikamu, nekuti sekungofanana nedisiki rakaumbika, rinoibvisa pasina nguva.

Syntax ine iyo pv yekuraira: Uchishandisa iyo dd yekuraira neiyo yapfuura syntax ine diki diki, nekuti iwo wakachengetedzwa kwazvo rairo - haipe ruzivo - nekuti kana ichiitwa, iyo yekupedzisira Prompt inoramba isingafambe, saka hatizive chii chiri kutora nzvimbo uye inguvai yasara yekuti ipedze kuuraya. Kukanganisika kudiki uku kunogona kugadziriswa nekuwedzera rairo pv, (*) - iyo inoshanda sepombi yekupedzisira inoyera iyo data inopfuura napo - kune syntax yeiyo dd yekuraira, kuti izvozvi syntax ive:

dd if=origen |pv|dd of=destino

Nekuda kweizvozvo, isu taizowana yemhando yekufambira mberi kubhawa mune iyo terminal, iyo ruzivo rwe mabheti akatamiswa, iyo nguva yanga ichimhanya uye chiyero chekuchinjisa, zvese munguva chaiyo.

(alf) - (~) └──┤ dd kana = / devmmcblk0p1 | pv | dd ye = / dev / mmcblk0p2 1,630GB 0:21:30 [1,12MB / s] [

Uye zvakare, kana zvapera, zvinotiratidza zviverengero zveyero yekuchinjisa, huwandu hwese hwakatamisirwa uye yakazara nguva yakatora kuendesa data rese.

(alf) - (~) └──┤ dd if = / devmmcblk0p1 | pv | dd = 0 MB / s 2GB 10530816:0:10530816 [0MB / s] [<=> 5391777792 + 5.4 zvinyorwa zvakaverengwa <=> 3873,48 + 1,4 zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa 5,02 bytes (1GB) zvakateedzerwa, 04, 33 s, 1,33 MB / s (alf) - (~) └──┤

Tarisa usati waita chero rairo yekuraira neiyi yechipiri syntax, kuti isu tine pv package yakaiswa pane ino sisitimu, kana kuiisa kana tisina iyo: zvese ne Synaptic.

Ngatione mimwe mienzaniso inoshanda uye nesarudzo dzemurairo uyu (mune yayo vhezheni nehunyengeri hwakatsanangurwa pamusoro neiyo pv yekuraira):

A) Nezve zvinotyaira zvakaoma uye zvikamu:

= Clone dhirairi rakaomarara:

Nezvo isu taizonamira hda disk mune hdb. (IDE disks):

sudo dd if=/dev/hda |pv|dd of=/dev/hdb bs=1M

Nezvo isu taizonamira iyo sda disk mu sdb. (SATA disks):

sudo dd if=/dev/sda |pv|dd of=/dev/sdb bs=1M

Nesarudzo bs = 1M, zvinoitika kuti zvese kuverenga nekunyora zvinoitwa mune 1 megabyte block, (zvishoma, zvaizononoka asi zvakachengeteka, uye nekuwedzera isu tinotyira kurasikirwa nedata munzira).

Ramba uchifunga kuti nenzira iyi diski yakanyorwa "sezvazviri", MBR, tafura yekuparadzanisa, isina chinhu nzvimbo, nezvimwe ..., saka unogona chete kurekodha pane diski rakaenzana kana rakakura saizi.

= Nyora chete chikamu chekutanga (hda1) cheiyo sosi dhisiki kune yekuenda diski (hdb):

sudo dd if=/dev/hda1 |pv|dd of=/dev/hdb bs=1M

= Pisa iyo dhisiki rese (hda) kune yekutanga chikamu (hdb1) yeiyo diski yekuenda:

sudo dd if=/dev/hda |pv|dd of=/dev/hdb1 bs=1M

= Gadzira mufananidzo - unogona kunge uri bin kana iso - kubva ku hard disk (hda), mune / dhairekitori repamba:

sudo dd if=/dev/hda |pv|dd of=/home/hda.bin

= Bvisa zvachose ruzivo pane diski: kuti uite izvi, zadza dhisiki uine mavara asina kujairika, kashanu. Hakuzovi nekutsvaga kwemashoko pane diski:

for n in {1..5}; do dd if=/dev/urandom |pv|dd of=/dev/hda bs=8b conv=notrunc;

= Bvisa chero chikamu uye dhisiki rese kubva kune chero chishandiso:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero |pv|dd of=/dev/sdx (Yakazara disk bvisa)

sudo dd if=/dev/zero |pv|dd of=/dev/sdxa (Dhisiki kupatsanura vadzime)

uko: x ndiyo diski yekudzima, a ndiyo chikamu chekudzima

Uku kuvhiya kunobatsira kudzima zvachose chero chikamu, pamusoro peiyo data ichadzimwa haigone kudzoserwa, nekudaro iri kudzika kwepasi uye kwakachengeteka kwazvo, rinobatsira semuenzaniso apo mapendende anotapukirwa nemavhairasi nemawadhi edu anodikanwa. .

B) Pane CD / DVD

= Gadzira / Gadzira iyo .iso mufananidzo kubva kuCD (kana DVD)

Kugadzira iyo .iso mufananidzo weCD mune / dhairekitori repamba:

sudo dd if=/dev/cdrom |pv|dd of=/home/imagendeCD.iso

Kuisa iyo .iso mufananidzo kubva kuCD:

sudo mount -o loop imagedeCD.iso /mnt/home

= Tora zvakare yakakwenenzverwa DVD (Izvi hazvidzorere iyo DVD rese, mune ino chete inoverengwa zvikamu). Izvo zvakare inokodzera kune akaremara madhiraivha akaomarara:

sudo dd if=/dev/cdrom |pv|dd of=/home/dvd_recuperado.iso conv=noerror,sync

Iyo noerror sarudzo inoshandiswa kudzivirira zvikanganiso zvekuverenga mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu.

C) Nezve MBR uye VBS:

= Kopa / Dzosera Master Boot Record (MBR):

Kukopa MBR:

sudo dd if=/dev/hda |pv|dd of=mbr count=1 bs=512

Kudzorera iyo MBR:

sudo dd if=mbr |pv|dd of=/dev/hda

= Geza yedu MBR uye tafura yekuparadzanisa:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero |pv|dd of=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1

= Inobvisa MBR asi haibate tafura yekuparadzanisa, (inobatsira kwazvo kudzima GRUB pasina kurasikirwa nedhata pazvikamu):

sudo dd if=/dev/zero |pv|dd of=/dev/hda bs=446 count=1

= Kopa / Dzorera Vhoriyamu Boot Chikamu (VBS):

Kuteedzera iyo VBS:

sudo dd if=/dev/hda |pv|dd of=/home/sector_arranque_hda count=1 bs=512

Kudzorera iyo VBS:

sudo dd if=/home/sector_arranque_hda |pv|dd of=/dev/hda

D) Vamwe:

= Pisa dhisiki mufananidzo kune yedu / dhairekitori repamba, kusvetuka dhisiki zvikanganiso (zvinobatsira zvakanyanya kune ma disks ari kufa)

sudo dd conv=noerror if=/dev/hda |pv|dd of=~/home/imagen_disco_con_errores.iso

= Gadzira isina chinhu Mb Mb faira:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero |pv|dd of=archivo_nuevo_vacio bs=1024 count=1024

= Gadzira faira re 2Gb:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero |pv|dd of=/swapspace bs=4k count=2048M
mkswap /swapspace
swapon /swapspace

= Chinja mavara ese kuve makuru.

sudo dd if=miarchivo |pv|dd of=miarchivo conv=ucase

Shandisa iyo dd yekuraira ine graphical nharaunda chirongwa: Gdiskdump, inoratidzira nharaunda yeiyi dd raira iyo inofambisa basa re clone zvikamu kana disks, nekukurumidza uye nyore. Inogona kutorwa pasi kubva papeji https://launchpad.net/gdiskdump/ Kana tangoivhura, nemidzi mvumo - sudo gdiskdump -, tinoona kuti chirongwa ichi chiri nyore kushandisa, sezvo isu tichifanira chete kuchitaurira chikamu kana dhisiki kuumbika (Input Fomati) uye nekwairi kuenda (Kunobuda Fomati).