Iyo internet, sezvaunoiziva iwe, neayo ese iwo webhu ewebhu mapeji uye masevhisi, hachisi chinhu ethereal. Icho chinhu chinobatika uye chinowanikwa hosted on server. Uye, sekungoti iwe haungasiye chinhu chakakosha chero kupi, haufanire kuregera kwaunogashira webhu yako chikuva. Naizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kuziva maseva akatsaurwa akanakisa kunze uko.
Kune akawanda vakazvitsaurira server vanopa, ine huwandu hweshumiro uye akasiyana mareti. Izvi zvinoita kuti sarudzo iome, saka iwe unofanirwa kuziva zvese zvese kuti ugone kusarudza yakanakisa yenyaya yako uye nekudaro uwane zvakanyanya mairi ...
Ndeapi maseva akazvipira?
Paunenge uchisarudza kuitisa, kana kuitisa, kana iwe uchida nzvimbo mugore rekuisa peji rewebhu / sevhisi, mumwe wemibvunzo inowanzoitika ndeyekuti uzive chii a yakatsaurwa server (yakatsaurwa server). Kuve neichi chakajeka kwakakosha kusarudza yakanakisa kambani uye webhu inomiririra sevhisi, ichibvumira kusarudzika uye kutonga kuri nani kwewebhu yako nzvimbo.
Maseva akazvitsaurira ari yakakwana kwazvo uye yakasarudzika sarudzo kune vanhu, vanozvimiririra uye makambani ari kutsvaga webhu yekutambira. Naizvozvo, vava imwe yenzira dzinodiwa kwazvo nhasi.
Sezvineiwo inogona kutaridzika kufanana ne yakagovaniswa server, asi kwete. Mune server yakagovaniswa, iyo sevha yakagovaniswa kune vanoverengeka vatengi Mune mamwe mazwi, ese saiti evatengi arikushandisa zviwanikwa zvesimbi pakombuta imwechete.
Yakagovaniswa webhu server ingave yakanaka kune mamwe masaiti anodya mashoma zviwanikwa uye kuti idiki. Asi kana ivo vachikura kana kukura zvakanyanya, sarudzo yakanakisa ndeyekuve wakazvitsaurira webhu server. Ndokunge, iyo iyo sevha kana muchina wakatsaurirwa chete kune imwe account, uchikwanisa kunakidzwa nezvose zviwanikwa
Parizvino, musiyano uripo pakati peyakagovaniswa uye yakatsaurwa sevha yakasanganiswa, nekuti, nechitarisiko cheiyo VPS (Virtual Private Server), zvinoitwa ndezvekushandisa sevha imwechete kune vese vatengi, senge dzakagovaniswa, asi nezvakanaka zveakazvitsaurira nekubata chirongwa chega chega chakazvimirira mumuchina chaiwo.
Aya marudzi ebasa ndiwo akajairika nhasi. Ivo vanogonesa makuru e data nzvimbo kugovana yakakura michina zviwanikwa nevatengi. Zvekuti munhu wese ane yake nzvimbo chaiyo kunyanya, pamwe nezvivakwa zvayo zvevRAM, vCPU, chaiyo yekuchengetedza, yeineti network maficha, nezvimwe. Izvi zvinoitawo kuti zvikwanise kuwedzera sevhisi uye uwane zvimwe zviwanikwa kana zvichidikanwa, pasina chikonzero chekuchinja sevha yepanyama.
Mukuwedzera, ivo vanopa imwe yekuwedzera mukana, uye ndeyekuti kana chimwe chinhu chikaitika kune imwe yeVPS, hachizokanganisa zvimwe zvese. Izvi ndezve chokwadi chekuti, kunyangwe vese vatengi vari kushandisa iwo chaiwo muchina muchina (server), neVPS zviwanikwa zvakagovaniswa kuwana akati wandei maseva anoshanda seyakaimiririra muchina, pamwe nekugoverwa kwavo zviwanikwa, inoshanda system, software, nezvimwewo.
Yakatsaurirwa kubata vs yakatsaurwa server
Dzimwe nguva, vamwe vatengi vane kusahadzika kana zvakafanana yakatsaurwa yekutambira uye yakatsaurirwa server. Chaizvoizvo, kana rimwe kana iro rimwe basa rikapihwa kwauri, ivo vanowanzoreva nezvechinhu chimwe chete ichocho, ivo vanoshandiswa sezwi rinoreva zvakafanana.
Kunyange, hongu tiri kuzviomesera, iyo yakatsaurirwa server mushini wakabatana neInternet iyo inogona kupa imwe mhando yebasa kune vatengi vayo. Panzvimbo iyoyo, kuitisa kunoreva chaizvo kubata webhu mukati me server. Sezvandambotaura kare, mukati meiyo server akati wandei ekugashira anogona kuitirwa kana akagovaniswa, kana kana ichipirwa kuburikidza neVPS.
Parizvino, mamwe masevhisi Cloud Computing Izvo zvakakura kwazvo, uye vanogona kupa zvese kuitisa uye mamwe masevhisi: komputa, inogara kushandisa masystem anoshanda nemaapp (ona IaaS, SaaS, PaaS, ...).
Kukosha kweshanduko yedhijitari
Kusati kwasvika kwe SARS-CoV-2 denda, shanduko yedhijitari yemakambani yaive yakakosha kwazvo. Asi mushure meCovid-19, inenge isisiri sarudzo, asi chisungo. Kuisa matekinoroji matsva pakushandira bhizinesi rako kunogona kudzikisa mutengo uye nekuvandudza purofiti.
Uye rimwe rematanho ekutanga kutanga iko kushandurwa mubhizimusi rako rekuzvimiririra, kana mune yako SME, kugadzira webhusaiti uye kuwana pekugara kwaro. Zvakadaro iwe unozotanga kusvika kune avo vese vanhu izvo izvo zvino zvaramba kusvika sevhisi yako kana chigadzirwa. Zvichida nekuti ivo vari kure nenzvimbo, kana nekuti havagone kuenda kunzvimbo yako nekuda kwezvirambidzo.
Zvimwe zvipo yeshanduko iyi enda kuburikidza:
- Unogona kuwana zvimwe data uye manhamba pamusoro pevangangodaro vatengi vako. Izvi zvinokutendera iwe kuti uzive zvirinani zvavanoda, kuita sarudzo dziri nani, kana maitiro ekuvandudza yako yekushambadzira chirongwa.
- Digitization zvakare inoita kuti sangano rive nyore yebhizimisi. Iwe unozogona kubata rako repamhepo bhizinesi neakawanda esoftware maturusi ayo anoshandisa maitirwo mazhinji, senge e-commerce mapuratifomu, ekushandira pamwe,
- Zvirinani kuchinjika neshanduko, nekuda kweiyo chaiyo-nguva muunganidzwa wedatha. Iko kugona kwekuita kumberi kwakakosha munguva dzekusaziva kana mamiriro akaita senge dambudziko iri.
- Inotendera kuisirwa pasi kwebasa, uye inofambisa telecommuting.
- Dzimwe nguva inodzivirira kuve nekushanda kubva kunharaunda, saka webhusaiti inogona kukuserera rendi yenzvimbo, magetsi emagetsi, mvura, fanicha, nezvimwe. Izvi zvakare zvine zvazvinoita pamitengo, inozove inokwikwidza nekusafanirwa kusanganisira izvo zvinoshandiswa mumiganhu yemubhadharo.
- Kukura kukuru zvebhizimusi rako. Ipo usati wasvika chete kuvagari vepedyo kune rako bhizinesi, ikozvino unogona kusvika pasirese.
- Ichavandudza mufananidzo wekambani yako uye uchave nayo vatengi vanogutsikana nemasevhisi.
- zvimwe agility, kudzikisira maitiro ehurongwa.
- Etc.
Kubatsira uye kusagadzikana
Kuva ne server yakatsaurirwa ine yayo zvakanaka nezvakaipa, senge chero sevhisi.
Kana isu tichireva zvakanakira, simbisa:
- Exclusivity: haufanire kugovana zviwanikwa, muchina unenge wakatsaurirwa chose kwauri. Izvo zvinopa rusununguko, kusagadzikana, uye kuita kwepamusoro.
- masimba: unogona kubata sevha sezvaunoda.
- Chengetedzo: Nekusagovana zviwanikwa nemamwe mapurojekiti, iwe unenge usinga zive kune kumwe kutyisidzira.
- Kugadziriswa: Seva dzakazvitsaurira dzine kuchengetedzwa kuri nyore, sezvo maseva akagovaniswa, kana VPS, zvakati omei.
- Kuchinjika: zvinowirirana, kuve nekukwanisa kupa iyo nzvimbo uye zviwanikwa kune izvo zvaunoda chaizvo, ine hombe nhamba yemapuratifomu uye mamaneja ezvemukati. Iwe unogona kunyange kusarudza sevha inoshanda sisitimu nerusununguko rukuru ...
Zvakare zvayakaipira:
- Mutengo: kuve vakazvipira ivo vanodhura kupfuura vakagovana mahostings kana maseva eVPS. Kunyange hazvo, zviripo nekuda kwemabhenefiti avanopa.
- Zvakaoma: kana iwe uri kutarisira izere sevha, iwe unofanirwa kuve ne kudzidziswa kwakaringana. Kunyangwe akawanda masevhisi emakore achiwanzo ita yekutanga kuchengetedza uye manejimendi mabasa kwauri.
Saka ndinofanira here kuhaya server yakagovaniswa?
Muzhinji, kana iwe uchingoda diki webhusaiti, blog, kana zvakafanana ne diki traffic, iwe hauna kudiwa kweku hire server yakatsaurirwa. Kune rimwe divi, maseva akazvipira ndiwo akanakisa sarudzo emawebhusaiti ebasa, zvitoro zvepamhepo, uye mamwe mapuratifomu ane masimba makuru (yakakwira vhoriyamu, nhamba yepamusoro yekushanya kana data rakakwira traffic, ...).
Izvo zvakare zvakakodzera kune iwo mapurojekiti angangotanga zvishoma, asi ave forecast kukura zvakanyanya. Izvo hazvigadzire-kwenguva-refu zviwanikwa zvipingaidzo.
Nzira yekusarudza yakatsaurwa server
Seva hachisi chinhu chinopfuura a yakakwira chinzvimbo komputa. Naizvozvo, iwe paunoenda kunosarudza maseva akazvitsaurira, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa zvakafanana hunyanzvi maficha sepaya paunotenga PC:
- CPU: Seva dzinowanzove nema microprocessors akawanda, ndiko kuti, akawanda akanyanya pfungwa. Kuita kunoenderana navo kana vachimhanyisa sisitimu yekushandisa uye software inogadziriswa pane server. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti vaite zvakanaka. Panyaya yeVPS, ichave iri vCPU, ndiko kuti, chaiyo CPU.
- RAM ndangariro: main memory yakakoshawo, iko kugadzikana uko zvinhu zvese zvinofamba zvinoenderana nazvo. Nenononoka ndangariro, yakakwira latency, kana yakaderera chinzvimbo, iyo CPU haizokwanise kuita zvishamiso. Mari inodiwa inoenderana zvakanyanya pane imwe neimwe nyaya, nekuti havazi vese vatengi vanoda chinhu chimwe chete.
- Self Storage: hard disk ndechimwe chikamu chakakosha. Mamwe maseva akazvipira achiri kushandisa magineti akaomarara madhiraivhi (HDDs), ayo anononoka, asi kazhinji ane masimba akakwirira. Vamwe vatanga kushandisa solid state hard drives (SSDs), iine yakanyanya kumhanya mhanyisa. Pakati pese, haufanire kunetseka nezvekuvimbika mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu, nekuti ivo vanoshandisa RAID masystem. Aya masisitimu akawandisa anoreva kuti kana diski ikakundikana, inogona kutsiviwa pasina kurasikirwa kwedata.
- Operating system: inogona kuve Windows Server, kana kumwe kugoverwa kweGNU / Linux. Pazviitiko zvisingawanzoitika iwe unogona zvakare kusangana nemamwe maUNIX-senge masystem, akadai saSolaris, * BSD, nezvimwe. Nekuda kwekusimba kwayo, chengetedzo, uye kugadzikana, Linux yakakunda mune akawanda, pamusoro pekuve neakanyanya kuderera kuchengetedza uye manejimendi zvinodiwa.
- Kuendeswa kwedata- Inoreva vhoriyamu yedata iyo inogona kutamisirwa pamusoro penzvimbo dzekubatanidza dzemaseva aya. Icho chinhu icho vanopa vanowanzo ganhurira mune mamwe masevhisi, kana kuti ivo vane risingagumi mune mamwe anodhura iwo. Chero zvazvingaitika, inofanirwa kugadziridzwa kune izvo zvaunoda zvekushanya kana kuendesa iwe zvauchazoita.
Imwe mibvunzo izvo zvinogona kukufadza iwe uri mhando yeanodzora pani iyo yainayo, kana zvimwe zvivakwa zvavanogona kupa, senge domain kunyoresa, email services, dhatabhesi, nezvimwe.
Kukosha kweiyo GDPR
Iwe zvechokwadi wakanzwa nezvazvo GAIA-X, chirongwa chinonakidza cheEuropean cheplatform chikuva chinosangana nezvinodiwa ne European mutemo wekuchengetedza data. Chinhu chakakosha kuremekedza kodzero yekuvanzika uye chengetedza iyo data muEuropean ndima (kana kukundikana izvo, izvo zvinoenderana ne GDPR).
Kana izvi zvichikosha kune vanhu, zvakatonyanya kudaro paunenge uchibata data rakaomarara mukambani, kana vatengi vayo. Dambudziko nderekuti kutsvaga masevhisi anoenderana nemitemo iyi uye anokwikwidza kwakaoma. Kunyangwe zvakadaro tichifunga nezve simba rakakura uye simba reiyo inonzi GAFAM (Google, Amazon, Facebook, Apple, uye Microsoft).
Tsvaga maseva akazvitsaurira akachengetedzwa data nzvimbo mukati meEurope, uye kuva nemakwikwi hakusi nyore. Muenzaniso unogona kunge uri Ikoula., Nyanzvi mukubata webhu, maseva akazvitsaurira, uye cloud computing. Pamusoro pezvo, vane ruzivo rwakakura kubvira 1998.
Dhata rako nzvimbo vari kuFrance, munzvimbo mbiri muReims neEppes, pamwe neHolland neGerman (zvakare USA neSingapore, asi unogona kusarudza kana uine zvaunofarira). Nzvimbo dzinova dzevaridzi, uye kwete dzekurenda nzvimbo sezvinoitika mune mamwe masevhisi. Uye zvakare, ine zvitsigiro muNetherlands neSpain. Mukuwedzera, ivo vane yakanaka 24/7 mitauro yakawanda yekubatsira sevhisi yauinayo.
Pindai Ikoula masevhisi taura:
- VPS
- Ruzhinji rwevanhu
- Vakazvitsaurira maseva
- Webhu kubata
- Electronic tsamba nyanzvi uye web domains wega
- SSL / TLS zvitupa yekuchengetedza
- Cloud negadziriro yeparutivi
- Nyore nzvimbo yekutarisira
Kunze kwaizvozvo, iwe uchaifarira kune humwe hunhu akadai se:
- Shandisa open source uye emahara mapurojekiti seKubernetes.
- Kuva eco-inoteerera, kuve nekuremekedza nharaunda nekushandisa 100% simba rinowedzerwazve munzvimbo dzadzo dhata (rangarira kuti nzvimbo dzemadhata dzinoshandisa huwandu hwesimba, uye izvi zvakakosha).
- Vanotsigira kutanga-ups, iyo inogona kuve kukurudzira kwakanaka kana uchangotanga.