Virtualization muDebian: Nhanganyaya - Computer Networks yeSMB

General index yeakateedzana: Computer Networks yeSMEs: Sumo

Iyo yakapusa ndiyo yakanakisa

Mumusoro wemusoro weiyo huru peji re XtratuM, Hypervisor yakanyatsogadzirirwa iyo Yakabatanidzwa kana Yakabatanidzwa Masystem muNguva Yechokwadi, tinowana mufananidzo unotevera:

"Wedu Nheyo inokosha yekumisikidza, kumisikidza, uye manejimendi emasevhisi, kusanganisira hongu Virtualization, inobvumirana zvizere neshoko «Izvo zviri nyore, zvirinani", kureva, Iyo yakapusa ndiyo yakanakisa. "

Nhanganyaya

La Virtualization  inyaya hombe uye yakaoma kunzwisisa. Hatisi kuzonyora zvakawanda nezvake. Isu tinongoburitsa pachena dzimwe tsananguro uye zvinongedzo kumapeji atinokurudzira kuti averengerwe uye / kana kudzidza, zvinoenderana nekufarira kuri kuita muverengi wega wega. Tinokurudzira verenga mapeji e Wikipedia muChirungu, uye kubva kune zvimwe zvinyorwa.

• Hatidi kuenda mukuendeswa kweyakajairika Nzira yekuita nemirairo yakati wandei, nezvimwe, tisina kutanga tapa kanenge kekutanga gwara rehurukuro. Tinoziva kuti vamwe Vaverengi Vasingashiviriri Ivo havaverenge masumo uye vanonanga kune zvazvinoitwa. Chiito chinodemba ipapo, gare gare kunouya mibvunzo yepfungwa iyo kazhinji yatisingakwanise kupindura zvakakwana, nekuti hazvigoneke kuti isu tizive zvese.

Isu tinovimba kuti, mushure mekuverenga kunyangwe zvishoma zvakanyatsonaka chinyorwa ichi, muverengi achave neruzivo nezve zvazviri Virtualization uye wake Mamiriro ezvinhu aripo. Zvakare, kuti ine akateedzana ehukama ayo anotendera iwe kuti uwedzere zvimwe pane rino rezuva nezuva basa reanenge chero munhu anoshandisa komputa panguva ino.

Tsanangudzo uye zvinongedzo zvinoenderana neWikipedia uye nezvimwe zvinyorwa

Virtualization

MuComputer Science, Virtualization zvinoreva chiito chekugadzira iyo vhezheni ye chimwe chinhu virtual pachinzvimbo che chimwe chinhu chaiyo, iyo inosanganisira iyo rakapotsa komputa Hardware, operating systems, zvekuchengetedza zvinhuuye makomputa ekubatanidza zviwanikwa. Virtualization yakatanga muma60s, senzira yakakamura zviwanikwa zvehurongwa zve mainframe komputa, Pakati pekushandisa kwakasiyana. Kubva ipapo, zvinoreva izwi iri Virtualization iri kuramba ichiwedzera.

La Virtualization o Virtualization Platform zvinoreva kugadzirwa kwemuchina chaiwo, unoita senge chaiye, nehurongwa hwekushandisa. Iyo software inomhanya pamamishini chaiwo akaparadzaniswa neyepasi pehardware kana zviwanikwa zvepanyama. Semuenzaniso: muchina wepanyama unomhanya Debian 8 "Jessie" inogona kubata muchina chaiwo neiyo Ubuntu Trusty 14.04 inoshanda sisitimu.

Mune Virtualization inonzi «Mugadziri - Host»Kukomputa chaiye kana yepanyama kunoitika iko kuona chaiko. Ku muchina Inonzi "Guest - muenzi«. Mashoko acho Host y muenzi ivo vanoshandiswa kusiyanisa pakati pe software inomhanya pane chaiyo muchina uye software inomhanya pane chaiwo michina. Ku software kana firmware izvo zvinogadzira iyo chaiyo michina paHost Hardware, inonzi Hypervisor - Hypervisor.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzeVirtualization:

• Yese Virtualization - Yakazara Virtualization: Inoreva iyo Almost Yakazara Yechokwadi Hardware Kuenzanisa, iyo inobvumidza yakagadziriswa software - kazhinji inosanganisira yeanoshanda system - kumhanya pasina chero shanduko.
• Kusarura Virtual - Kusarura Virtual: iyo nharaunda inotarisirwa Iyo haina kunyatsoteedzerwa, asi zvishoma. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mamwe mapurogiramu anomhanya paMuenzi angangoda kuchinjwa.
• Paravirtualization - paravirtualization: Hapana nharaunda yemahara inoenzaniswa. Chirongwa chega chega chevaenzi - muenzi inomhanya pane Isolated Domain, sekunge vari kumhanya pane akasiyana masisitimu. Iyo chaiyo nongedzo yechimwe nechimwe Guest chirongwa chakakosha kuti chiitwe mune ino mhando nharaunda.

La Hardware yakabatsira kuona iyi inzira yekunatsiridza hunyanzvi hwekuita kwemaitiro. Zvinoreva kuti mapurosesa kana maCPU anofanirwa kuve nerutsigiro rwakakodzera rwekuona, pamwe nezvimwe zvinhu zvehardware pachayo.

Hardware Virtualization haina kufanana neHardware Emulation. Mukufungidzira, chimwe chikamu chehardware chinoteedzera chimwe, apo chiri muVirtualization, iyo Hypervisor -iyo software- inoteedzera chimwe chidimbu chehardware kana iyo yakazara.

Mushini chaiwo

Mukomputa, a muchina rakapotsa Iyo software inoteedzera komputa uye inogona kumhanyisa zvirongwa sekunge yaive komputa chaiyo. Iyi software yakatanga kutsanangurwa se "yakasarudzika, inoshanda zvakapetwa zvemuchina wepanyama." Parizvino, zvinoreva izwi rinosanganisira chaiwo michina isina chero yakanangana nechero Hardware chaiyo.

Hypervisor

Un Hypervisor - Hypervisor o Virtual Mashini Monitor - Virtual Mashini Monitor VMM Ipuratifomu iyo inobvumidza kushandiswa kweakasiyana matongero ekugadzirisa maitiro ekushandisa, panguva imwe chete, akasiyana masisitimu anoshanda (asina kugadziriswa, kana kuchinjwa senge ari mune paravirtualization) pakombuta imwechete.

Vhura Virtualization Alliance (OVA)

La Vhura Virtualization Alliance, ichiremekedza zita rayo muChirungu, ibasa reKubatana reLinux Foundation. Iyi Consortium yakazvipira mukutora kweFree Software uye Open Source Software - Open Source yezvekugadzirisa mhinduro kusanganisira KVM, uye zvakare nezve software inodiwa kuDhipatimendi, senge oVirt. Consortium inosimudzira nyaya dzekubudirira kwevatengi vakasiyana, inokurudzira kushanda pamwe, uye inomhanyisa kuwedzera kweecosystem yeTatu Party mhinduro, kutenderedza KVM.

Yemahara Software inokwidziridzwa neOVA:

• KVM ari hypervisor. Yakagadzirwa na Qumranet, Inc., yeIsrael software yekambani iyo panguva iyoyo yakakwezva yakawanda yekutarisisa nekukurumidza kugamuchirwa kweiyo KVM module yakadzika mukati meLinux kernel. Yakapa iyo «Solid ICE desktop virtualization chikuva»Kubva paKernel-based Virtual Desktop Machines, uye yakabatana kuburikidza neprotocol yayo ZVINonhuwira. Musi waSeptember 4, 2008 kambani Red Hat, Inc. yakawanikwa Qumranet yemutengo we $ 107 miriyoni.
• libvirt Ndicho API «Kunyorera Chirongwa Chemukatiopen source, dhimoni - daemon, uye chishandiso chekugadzirisa chaiwo mapuratifomu. Unogona kubata iyo KVM, Xen, VMware ESX, QEMU uye humwe hunyanzvi hwekuona. MaAPIs ayo akasiyana anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukucheresa kweiyo hypervisor layer.  libvirt raibhurari yakanyorwa mu mutauro C, uye inogona kusanganiswa nedzimwe mitauro senge Python, Perl, OCaml, Ruby, Java, JavaScript (kuburikidza Node.js) uye PHP.
• oVirt isoftware yekugadzirisa chaiwo mapuratifomu. Iyo yemahara uye yakavhurwa sosi software. Iyo yakavambwa ne Red Hat seprojekti yenharaunda iyo iyo Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization. oVirt inogonesa hutongi hwepakati pemakina chaiwo, network zviwanikwa, kuchengetedza, uye kuverenga, kubva kune iri nyore kushandisa webhu interface, iine yakazvimirira chikuva kuti uwane iyo. Hypervisor chete inotsigirwa zviri pamutemo pane X86 64 yekuvakisa ndiKVM, kunyangwe kuedza kunoitwa kutsigira mavakirwo PPC y ruoko mushanduro dzayo dzinotevera.
• libguestfs raibhurari yakanyorwa mu mutauro C uye seti yemidziyo yekuwana uye kugadzirisa iyo chaiyo diski mifananidzo papuratifomu yehunyanzvi. Iwo maturusi anogona kushandiswa pakuona nekugadzirisa iwo chaiwo michina inotarisirwa ne libvirt uye mafaera anogara mukati mawo. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kunyora script -scripting- kugadzirisa kana kugadzira michina chaiyo.
• Virtual Machines maneja - Virtual Machine maneja iri Red Hat software inozivikanwawo se wema-maneja, zita iro iro pasuru zvakare rine mune reDebian repositori. Icho chinhu cheDesktop application chekugadzirisa chaiwo michina Iyo inoshandiswa mukugadzira, kumisikidza uye kugadzirisa kwenzvimbo nyowani. Iyo ine VNC mutengi kuburikidza iyo isu isu tinokwanisa kuwana graphical koni yeiyo muyenzi domain. Mune yequin-maneja package inounzwa naDebian Jessie, iyo SPICE protocol inosanganisirwawo kuwana graphical console yemamishini chaiwo.

xen

xen Iyo Hypervisor inoshandisa diki-yepakati dhizaini, uye inopa masevhisi anodikanwa kune akawanda masisitimu anoshanda kuti amhanye panguva imwe chete pane imwechete komputa Hardware. Iye Cambridge University Computer Lab, Yakagadzira yekutanga vhezheni yeXen, iri zvakare yemahara software. Debian 8 "Jessie" ine mune ayo ekuchengetera pasuru xen-hypervisor-4.4-amd64.

OpenVZ

OpenVZ mhinduro ye virtualization padanho rekushandisa reLinux. Iyo inokutendera iwe kuti ugadzire yakasarudzika, yakachengeteka uye yakavanzika chaiwo maseva pane imwecheteyo chaiyo sevha server, iyo inopa iko kuri nani kushandisa kwehardware zviwanikwa. Izvo zvakare zvinoona kuti kunyorera kuri kushanda pane yega yega maseva hakupesane. Imwe neimwe Virtual Yakavanzika Server - Virtual Private Server (VPS), inomhanya chaizvo senge yakamira sevha. Ivo vanogona kutangwazve, uye bvumidza kupinda neiyo mushandisi mushandisi uye nevamwe vakajairika vashandisi. Ivo vane yavo IP kero, ndangariro, maitiro, mafaera, mashandiro, system raibhurari, uye gadziriso mafaera.

Debian yakabvisa tsanga dzakagadziridzwa kweiyo OpenVZ rutsigiro kubva kune ayo ekuchengetedza saDebian 7 "Wheezy".

Linux Midziyo LXC

Midziyo inzvimbo dzakasarudzika mukati mekushandisa system. Nharaunda yega yega ine yayo namespace yeiyo faira system, network, PID, CPU, uye memory yekugovera. Ivo vanogona kugadzirwa vachishandisa Kudzora Mapoka uye Nzvimbo dzemazita maficha akaisirwa muLinux kernel. LXC Iyo tekinoroji yakafanana nezvimwe zvinoenderana nekuratidzira padanho rekernel senge OpenVZ uye linux-vserver.

Chitsuwa

Chitsuwa mhinduro kune manejimendi uye kutarisa kweanowona michina inomhanya paKVM, Xen, OpenVZ kana VMware. Debian Jessie anoisanganisira mune ayo ekuchengetera kuburikidza akasiyana mapakeji anonongedzera kune ayo vamiririri kana kuArchipel kernel. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, tsvaga "archipel" kuburikidza neSynaptic kana kuburikidza aptitude yekutsvaga archipel.

Zvimwe zvinongedzo zvekufarira

• Vhura vSwitch- Vhura sosi software iyo inobvumidza kugadzirwa kweiyo chaiyo switch.
• OpenStack:
• Vhura QRM: Inotevera Generation Vhura Sosi Platform yeData Center Management - Data Center.
• Docker: yakavhurwa sosi purojekiti inokwanisa kugadzirisa kuendesa kwemaapplication mukati memidziyo yesoftware.
  
• nextmox: rakavhurika sosi server yenzvimbo dzehunyanzvi.
• VMWare- Chikamu chinobatsira cheEMC Corporation (chinowanikwa naDell Inc) icho chinopa software yekuona inowanikwa yeX86 inoenderana nemakomputa
• Virtualbox: yemahara software yekugadzira chaiwo michina. Debian akatamisa mapakeji ane chekuita neiyi software kubazi rayo «batsira".
• OpenNebula: ONE inowedzera mabhenefiti emapuratifomu ehurongwa kubva kune imwechete zviwanikwa kuenda kubhengi rezvivakwa, nekudzikisa server, kwete chete kubva kune kwayo epanyama zvigadzirwa, asiwo kubva kune kwayo chaiyo nzvimbo.

Vaverengi vanga vane moyo munyoro zvakakwana kuti vadzidze chinyorwa kusvika pari zvino vachange vaona kukura uye kuomarara kwezvinhu zviripo zveVirtualization. Tinovimba inoshanda semutungamiri parwendo rwako.

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