WordPress: 10 yakanaka maitiro maererano nekuchengetedzwa kwemawebhusaiti

WordPress (WP) inozivikanwa se inonyanya kufarirwa CMS, Pakati pezvinhu zvakawanda, zvakagadzirwa zvine sisitimu yekuwanika, mashandiro, uye nyore kushandisa, kuve mukuenderera mberi kukura (yazvino vhezheni 5.2), Iva nenzvimbo hombe yevashandisi mumitauro yakawanda uye uine hukuru hwekugadzirisa hunhu kuburikidza nekushandisa kwavo kana vechitatu bato madimikira uye mawedzero.

Zvakare nekuve wakachengeteka kwazvo, asi zveizvozvo, semune chero chishandiso kana system, maitiro akanaka anofanirwa kuteverwa kuti uwane kugadzikana kwenguva refu kuita. Uye mune ino posvo tinoda kupa mamwe ekutanga mazano mune izvi.

Nhanganyaya

WP iri inonyanya kufarirwa CMS yekuvaka mawebhusaiti, zvakare inowanzo kuve tarisiro inowanzoitika yekurwiswa kwemakomputa, saka kunze kwekuramba uchivandudza, inoda kugara ichichengetedzwa, kugadzirisa, uye maitiro ekuchengetedza nokuti nekudaro dzivirira hutera nekuda kwekukanganisa mune zvinowedzerwa, mapassword asina simba, software yechinyakare, pakati pezvimwe zvikonzero, ndiko kuti, kubudirira deredza zvakanyanya kushushikana kwako kune chero kurwisa kana kutarisirwa.

Uye zvakare, WP senge chero chero Dhijitari Management MaSystem (CMS) inokutendera iwe nekukurumidza uye zvakanaka kuvaka webhusaiti wozoiisa online. Yayo yakanyanya kugona kwebasa uye kukura, kuburikidza nema module, madimikira anowedzerana, zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kupfuura nakare kose kuzadzisa iri basa asi pasina kudikanwa kwemakore akareba ekudzidza ayo anowanzo fanirwa izvi.

Zvisinei, mhedzisiro hapana chinofadza chingamuke kubva pane izvi, zvingave kuti vamwe mamaneja echishandiso chakataurwa, kazhinji kupfuura, matanho anodiwa kuona kuti webhusaiti yakagadzirwa kana kuchengetedzwa yakachengeteka. Neichi chikonzero, zvakakosha kuti urambe uchifunga mune mamwe maitiro akajairwa uye akasarudzika (maitiro akanaka), nezveWP kana chero imwe CMS uye webhusaiti kuti igare yakachengeteka.

Maitiro akanaka

1.- Simbisa chengetedzo yako muuzhinji

WP zvirokwazvo inodarika zvirinani 30% yeiyo base yeanoshanda mawebhusaiti paInternet nhasi, izvo zvinoita kuti chive chinhu chinodiwa chevapambi uye / kana varwisi (vabeki / vapambi) vane vavariro dzakanaka kana dzakaipa. Nekudaro, inozivikanwa uye yatove nekubudirira kushandisa kushushikana pane yakafanana WP saiti ichaedzwa pane mamwe akafanana WP saiti.

Saka kana iwe uchikwanisa uye / kana kushandisa imwe kana mamwe mawebhusaiti (ma) neWP ita shuwa kuti unonyanya kungwarira, kunyatso uye nekuziva kwavo kwepamhepo chengetedzo. Ramba uchifunga kuti kwakawanda kwekutyorwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwakaongororwa uye kwakataurwa pawebhusaiti neWP zvaive nezvidiki kana zvisina chekuita nekombero yechishandiso pachayo, asi zvine chekuita nezvose zvine chekuita nekumisikidza kwayo, kumisikidza uye kugadzirisa kwese, kunoitwa zvisirizvo nevagadziri kana vatariri. '

2.- Ziva kusagadzikana kwako

WordPress ine zvingangoita zviuru zvina zvekuchengetedza kuchengetedzeka, yakagoverwa seinotevera: WP Core (4.000%), plugins (37%) uye Themes (52%), maererano nemushumo uchangobva kuitika kubva pawebsite yeWPScans, iyo yava kunzi WPSec (kubvira 01-05-2019). Ongorora kusagadzikana kwekuchengetedza kwakatarisana newebsite yako uye tsvaga mhinduro yekugadzirisa nyaya idzi. Dzivisa kumhanya isina kuchengetedzeka shanduro dzeWP Core, kana ayo plugins uye madingindira.

Tarisa pane anotevera ekuchengetedza misoro pane yako WP kana webhusaiti, ndiko kuti, pa Mhando dzakasiyana dze Kurwiswa kubva ku:

• Brute simba: Kusimbisa kuchengetedzeka pane rako rekupinda peji.
• Faira kubatanidzwa: Kusimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwewp-config.php yako faira yekumisikidza.
• SQL jekiseni: Kusimbisa chengetedzo yedata rako reMySQL rakabatana neWP.
• Muchinjikwa saiti kunyora: Kusimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwemashandisirwo eWP plugins.
• Utachiona hweMarware: Kusimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwakawanda kwewebsite yako kudzivirira kupinda kusingabvumirwe, kuiswa kwemarware uye kuunganidzwa kunotevera kwe data rakavanzika nemakodhi aya akaipa. Iyo inowanzo kuve Malware kana kurwiswa kunowanzo kuve kwerudzi: Backdoor, Spam SEO, HackTool, Mailer, Defacement uye Phishing. Tarisa kuchengetedza yako saiti kune yega yega mhando idzi dzemarware kana kurwisa.

Rangarira kuti kana chero webhusaiti ikakanganiswa, iyo SEO chinzvimbo inogona kutambura. Nekuti injini dzekutsvaga dzinowanzo kurumidza kukanganisa mawebhusaiti akaomeswa kuitira kuti mabhurawuza ape vashanyi zviratidzo zvekunyevera kana kudzivirira zvachose kugona kwenzvimbo idzodzo.

3.- Ziva zvivakwa zveMupi wako wekutambira

Kana webhusaiti yako ikashandisa kwekunze kubata, ndiko kuti, yakabhadharwa kunze kwenzvimbo yako yezvivakwa, usa skimp pamitengo yekuona mhando yebasa kubva kune yako yekumubatsira mupi. Kunyanya kana akagashira saiti yake pasi pechikamu "chakagovaniswa chekubata".

Kubva yakashata mhando 'yakagovaniswa yekutambira' inogona kuita kuti yako saiti ive iri nyore kunetseka apo imwe yemawebhusaiti akati wandei akachengetwa pane imwechete sevha yakagadziriswa. Ndokunge, kana webhusaiti yakabiwa pane server ine "yakagovaniswa yekutambira", varwisi vanogona zvakare kuwana mukana kune mamwe mawebhusaiti nedhata ravo.

4.- Ziva iyo edandemutande zvekushandisa nokurondedzerwa kubva kumubati wako weKubata

Kana zvasvika pakuongorora mupi wekugamuchira, zvivakwa zvayo hazvisi zvese. Iyo yehunyanzvi webhu maratidziro anoshandiswa neako wekutambira mupi kuti uwane zvirinani kuchengetedzeka kwemawebsite akabatwa akakoshawo Ita shuwa kuti inotevera inotevera inokurudzirwa nhungamiro yekuchengetedza yako webhusaiti:

• Kuiswa kuri nyore kwezvitupa zveSSL
• Kushanda manejimendi yewebhu server software shanduro.
• Firewall kudzivirira
• Rekodhi yekuwana kune webhusaiti
• Nguva dzose kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedzwa
• Kuonekwa kwekuita kwakaipa
• Tsigiro yeSFTP (kwete chete FTP), TLS 1.2 uye 1.3, uye yePHP 5.6, padiki, kunyangwe 7.0 zvichienda mberi zvinokurudzirwa.

Zvese izvi zvinodiwa, padiki, kuwedzera kuchengetedzeka kwewebhusaiti yako kana kana pasina WP seCMS yakashandiswa.

5.- Chenjera Themes uye Complements zvakashandiswa

Iwo ma plugins uye madingindira ayo akaisirwa ane basa zvakanyanya padanho rekuchengetedza. Vavarira kushandisa chete yepamutemo WP kana Nharaunda yakasimbiswa madingindira uye mapulagini, anozivikanwa ezvokutengeserana marekodhi kana zvakananga kubva kune vanozivikanwa vanogadzira. Sezvo mazhinji acho (asina kupupurirwa) anogona kunge aine kodhi yakaipa.

Izvo hazvina basa kuti unodzivirira zvakadii webhusaiti yako kubva kuWP kana iwe ukaisa iyo malware. Ita tsvagiridzo yako usati watora nekuisa chero madingindira nema plugins, kana yavo yekuvandudza kana yekusimudzira webhusaiti, uye uve nekuchengetedzwa kwako neakasununguka kana akaderedzwa.

6.- Edza kugadzirisa yako CMS kazhinji

Kugadziridzwa kune yako webhu chikuva kwakakosha kwazvo kune yako chengetedzo. Zvimwe WP yako CMS kana kwete, yechinyakare shanduro dzeCore yako, Musoro, kana mapulagini anogona kukutungamira kuti uchengetedze kuzivikanwa kunetseka pane yako webhusaiti. Panyaya yeWP, iri rakavhurika sosi, kune timu yakatsaurirwa nyaya iyi mukati meCore rekushandisa.

Kuchengetedzwa kwese kwekuchengetedzwa kwakawanikwa muWP kunogadziriswa uye kubviswa ipapo ipapo kuitira kugadzirisa dambudziko rega rega nyowani rekuchengetedza rakawanikwa muWP. Nekuda kweiyo yekuvandudza WP uye ese madingindira ayo uye plugins kune yazvino vhezheni chinhu chakakosha chikamu cheakabudirira chengetedzo zano.

7.- Ndakawana yakakodzera password

Iko kunaka kana kusimba kwepassword yedu pamawebhusaiti kwakakosha kwazvo. Kupinda mukati mavo mawebhusaiti ndicho chinhu chakasarudzika chekushandisa kusagadzikana, nekuti inopa iko nyore kuwana kune yako webhusaiti peji rehutongi.

Brute simba kurwisa ndiyo nzira yakajairika yekushandisa yako login, uchitsvaga zita rekushandisa uye password kusanganisa kuti uwane mukana webhusaiti. Mune chaiyo kesi yeWP, nekumisikidza haina kuganhurira huwandu hweakundikana ekuyedza ekuyedza ayo anogona kuitwa nemumwe munhu, nekudaro, chinokurudzirwa zvakanyanya iko kushandiswa kweyakaomesesa password yekupinda yako WP maneja.

Paunenge uchisarudza password, funga nezve izvi zvitatu zvinodiwa zvinoenderana neiyo CLU fomati (Complex, Yakareba, Yakasarudzika):

• ZVAKAKWANA: Password dzinofanirwa kunge dzakangoita sezvinobvira uye zvishoma zvine hukama neWebhu Administrator kana iyo Webhusaiti.
• RONGUVA: Password inofanira kunge iri gumi nemaviri kana anopfuura mavara. Uye yakasimbiswa nezvirambidzo kana kukwana panhamba yekutadza kwekubatanidza kuyedza.
• CHETE: Usashandise zvekare mapassword. Pasiwedhi yega yega inofanirwa kunge yakasarudzika munguva. Uyu mutemo wakareruka unodzora zvakanyanya kukanganiswa kwechero password yakanganisa.

Kurudziro: Shandisa maneja wepassword senge "LastPass" (online) uye "KeePass 2" (isingaenderane) kuti ugadzire uye uchengete mapassword ako ese mune akanyorwa mafomati.

8.- Gara uine yako anti-njodzi chirongwa chakagadzirirwa

Kana iwe ukashandisa WP rangarira kuti haina yakavakirwa-mukati backup system. Sanganisira imwe seyakakosha, saka iwe unogara uine up-to-date backup yewebhusaiti yako. Backups yakakosha uye yakajairika nzira yekuchengetedza yekushandisa.

Usakanganwa kuti haufanirwe kwete chete tsigira ako akashandisa mawebhusaiti uye dhatabhesiasi zvese marongero yesevha yese kuburikidza nema automated mabasa ane script kana akaumbwa mifananidzo masisitimu, kufambisa inodiwa kudzoreredza uye kumisikidza-kumisikidza munguva ipfupi inogoneka nguva.

9.- Wedzera chengetedzo yako uchishandisa 2FA

Simbisa yako WP admin kupinda kana yako webhusaiti uchishandisa maviri-factor yekusimbisa (2FA) mashandiro, inova imwe yenzira dzakanakisa dzekuchengetedza webhusaiti yako nhasi. Maviri-chinhu chechokwadi chinowedzera imwe yekuwedzera dziviriro kune yako webhusaiti login, nekuda kuti kushandiswa kwepassword yako kunoda imwe yekuwedzera nguva-inonzwisisika kodhi kubva kune chimwe chishandiso, senge yako smartphone, kuti ubudirire kupinda.

Munyaya yeWP izvo hazvipe izvi kushanda nekutadza embed zvakafanana uchishandisa pluginsenge iThemes Security kuwedzera zvakafanana.

10.- Shandisa chero zvakakosha zvekuchengetedza accessories

Mazhinji maCMS akaita seWP anoshandisa mapulagini kuti awedzere kugona kwavo pachavo. Mune chaiyo kesi yeWP, kushandiswa kweyekuchengetedza plugin inonzi iThemes Security inokurudzirwa. kuwedzera zvakanyanya kudzivirirwa kune yako webhusaiti. Iyi plugin inovhara WP, inogadzirisa maburi anozivikanwa, inomisa otomatiki kurwisa, uye inosimbisa humbowo hwevashandisi.

Iyo ine yemahara vhezheni (iThemes Security) uye yakabhadharwa vhezheni (iThemes Security Pro) izvo zviri pachena zvinopa zvimwe zvekuchengetedza maficha senge 2FA, yakarongwa malware scans, kunyoreswa kwevashandisi, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu.

Mhedziso

Kunyangwe zvave pamusoro peWP kana imwe CMS, unogona kudzivirira akawanda ewebhusaiti ako ekuchengetedza matambudziko nekungoteedzera aya akanakisa kana akanaka ekuchengetedza maitiro. Yako webhusaiti inokodzera uye inofanirwa kuve neyakakodzera matanho ekuchengetedza munzvimbo yekuvimbisa kana kudzikisira kusagadzikana kwayo munguva dzino dzakatambudzwa nezviitiko zvevabati nevanopaza.

Pakupedzisira uye sekuwedzera, tinokurudzira kuti uverenge ichi chimwe chinyorwa pane yedu blog pane iyi nyaya yekusimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwewebhusaiti yako, inonzi: Linux Mvumo yeSystem Administrators neVagadziri.