Yintoni ubukrelekrele? Andithethi into yokuhlola, kodwa yintoni inkcazo yobukrelekrele ebantwini? Oku kuhle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence#Definitions
Kubantu abaninzi, abo bazimeleyo banamhlanje kwaye banokuba nefuthe kubadali kunye nabacingeli abasebenza ngokujikeleza umbono "weLinux enye" ulingana nenkcazo yabantu abakrelekrele- ubuncinci kwezobuchwephesha.
Kwaye imiyalezo yakhe iyanelisa:
- Yenza lula ukukhula kwe-distro.
- Vumela amaxesha okuqala ngokukhawuleza.
- Vumela uyilo ifuneka ngamandla kunye nomnyhadala, ofana neenkqubo "zangoku" zokusebenza.
- Zisa ucwangco kunye nolawulo kwiinkqubo ezisezantsi ezinezixhobo ezahlukeneyo njengoko kukho ii-distros.
Zonke iinjongo ezibonakala zintle. Konke kubonakala kuvela kumnqweno onzulu wokufaka igalelo nokwenza izinto zibengcono.
Akukho mntu unokuphikisa ukuba aba bantu bakrelekrele bacinga nzulu malunga nale micimbi, kwaye babeke iinzame ezinkulu ekusombululeni ezi ngxaki. Ngelishwa, isisombululo esize nazo, njengoko usenokuba uqikelele, "yinkqubo".
Nangona ayisiyonto intsha, iimpembelelo zayo ezimbi ziye zafikelela kum kwaye kufuneka ndiyichaze esidlangalaleni.
Ke iyintoni inkqubo? Dibana noThixo wakho omtsha. Mhlawumbi ubusathandaza esibingelelweni [ukuba iyasebenza-sukuyichukumisa] yokulula, kodwa inkolo yakho iyasuswa. Isenokwenzeka ukuba sele yenzekile ngaphandle kokuba uyiqonde ngexesha lokuhlaziya kumatshini wakho weLinux. Inkqubo yazi konke, ukulawula konke, ukubona konke kunye nokulawula yonke i-meta-god. UnguMlawuli omtsha weeNkqubo onqwenela ukulawula yonke into anokuyenza- kwaye sele esenza ngokwaneleyo. Yinto i-init ebiya kujongeka ngathi ibiyi-transformer kwi-steroids. Yi [iphupha ngalinye legeek] Inzima, inamacala amaninzi, ine-opaque, kwaye inamandla amakhulu.
Ndeva ngenkqubo yeminyaka embalwa edlulileyo xa upstart kunye some abanye endaweni yezinye Init endingayikhumbuliyo yayiqhamka kwindawo leyo. Kwaye nangona yayijongeka inomdla kancinci, ndandingakuthandi ukuyisebenzisa, okanye nayiphi na loo njongo. Init isebenze kakuhle kum. Init ibilula kwaye yomelele. Ngelixa ubumbeko lwalunomahluko okhethekileyo kwi-distro nganye, yayihlala iyile nto yenza ukuba umntu akhethe ukusebenzisa le distro kwindawo yokuqala, kwaye anamathele kuloo distro [(kwaye ayizizo izinto ezinje ngabaphulaphuli ejolise kuzo namhlanje)]. Izixhobo zibalulekile Eran i-distro. Kwaye ndenze nje u nyusa umgangatho kuJessie, kunye voila, I-PID 1 ngequbuliso yaba yinkqubo. Yiya shit.
Kwilizwe elinye "leLinux", kufanele ukuba yintoni i-distros? Iphelelwe lixesha. Ayisenamsebenzi. Iigobolondo zakudala zekratshi lakhe [kwaye zihlala ziyingoziumntu ozimeleyo. Ngokusisiseko ngoku ilogo kunye nephepha lodonga elingagqibekanga. Kungenxa yokuba, masijongane nayo, kukho nje into ekufuneka ibekhona "kwiNdawo yoKhuphiswano" eyahlukileyo kwiWindows / Mac domain yekhompyuter yakho. Umphambili omanyeneyo wokulwa ubukhosi obunobundlongondlongo bukaRedmond noCupertino yinto efunekayo. Umahluko ohlukeneyo odale "incasa" ezahlukeneyo zeLinux zifuna ukugxilwa kwaye zenziwe ngokuhambelana ukuze ziqhubeke ngokufanelekileyo emfazweni. Um, yintoni imfazwe?
Kum, iLinux sele iphumelele emfazweni ngo-1994 xa ndandiqala ukuyisebenzisa. Ikwenzile oko ngaphandle kokudubula ngokudubula okanye ukuzama ukufana nezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza. Uyiphumelele [uhlala ugcina i-1% yentengiso] ukunganikezeli ngesabelo sentengiso. Uyiphumelele ngokungafani ncam nabo. Uyiphumelele ngokulula, ngokuqondakalayo, nangokuqwalaselwa ukuba ifane ngqo YO Ndifuna. Iyifumene ngokuba yingqokelela yezinto ezilula, zeemodyuli ezinokuncanyathiselwa kunye ekwenzeni umsebenzi wokwenyani. Uyiphumelele ngokubambelela kwifilosofi ethathelwa ingqalelo ngokunzulu yokugcina umsebenzisi esihlalweni somqhubi, kwaye ekhululekile ukuba abaleke nantoni na ayifunayo, ngaphandle kwamanqwanqwa kunye nezakhelo ezibopha iintambo zazo ngaphakathi kwazo zonke izinto ezingafanelekanga ukuzibamba. Uyiphumelele ngaphandle kwazo zonke ezo "ShitKits" ezahlukeneyo eziqale ukubonakalisa ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yam yokusebenza. Wayiphumelela ngaphandle kokuntsonkotha kakhulu kwaye engacacanga. Olo hlobo lokukhanya yintliziyo yeWindows kunye neMac, kwaye yile nto ndiyithiyileyo ngabo, kwaye kanye kutheni ndikhethe ukusebenzisa iLinux kwindawo yokuqala yedama. Inkqubo iyangana yonke into into endiyithiyileyo ngeWindows kunye neMac, kwaye ndiyenza ngegama "langoku" kunye "nokwenza lula" komsebenzi wabaphuhlisi.
Ke kutheni abantu Ukrelekrele kakhulu que thanda kwaye usebenzise iLinux Ngaba bafuna ukudala okanye Wanga idemon elinje "UMphathi Wazo Zonke"? Ngokucacileyo, kungenxa yezizathu abazitshoyo, njengoko benditshilo ekuqaleni. Kodwa ngokuyinxalenye ndicinga ukuba kungenxa yokungabikho kwamava. Anditsho ukuba kunqongophele iiyure zenkqubo, kodwa kukusilela kwexesha kwiplanethi. Ubukrelekrele bodwa abuyithathi indawo yamava obomi kwaye, ewe, ndiza kuyithetha, ayibobulumko. Akukho ncwadana yobulumko. Ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo kwi-distros ayisiyonto ilumkileyo yokuhamba kwabo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Oko kuyakuzisa isiphelo sabo sokugqibela.
Ziyinxalenye enkulu kune-life egos yabantu ababandakanyekayo. Umntu othile ufundile Uthini uBongi malunga nezinto? Wowu. Lo mfo ngokuqinisekileyo uyaqiniseka ukuba unazo zonke iimpendulo kuye wonke umntu. Izimvo zesintu malunga nokulula kunye nenkululeko zinemibala, kodwa azinandawo yokwenyani kwinkqubo yokusebenza "yanamhlanje". Jongani, ukrelekrele nje kunani, ke yigqithe uye ecaleni. Uyayazi eyona nto ilungileyo, kwaye uyilawula. Mdala kangakanani la mfo phofu? Iminyaka eli-12 okanye into? Yidick fuck (kwimbono yam ethobekileyo).
Inxalenye yakhe yeyakhe umdla kwishishini elinomdaka. Jonga, singenza imali ngokuthengisa izinto kubasebenzisi beLinux ukuba kukho indlela elula ne "dystro-agnostic" yokwenza. Fuck ukhetho, baya kuyithanda into abayifumanayo.
Ngokuyinxenye inokuba iyothusa kwaye imfiliba ngokwendalo. Iringi enye ukubalawula bonke, ukufikelela okukhuselekileyo kuyo kuya kuba yinto enomdla kwabo bathambekele kulwazi olupheleleyo lolwazi. Ukuzithemba akuyona into ephezulu kakhulu kuluhlu lwam lwezinto zokuvuma kwezi ntsuku.
Ngokuyinxalenye yinkolelo yokuba uLuntu lwaseLinux kufuneka lilwe ne-hegemony yeWindows kunye neMac- ngokungathi ubukho beLinux buxhomekeke ekoyisweni kwezinye iindlela. Abo bacinga lonto I-Linux kufuneka ikhathalele malunga nee-idiots kunye nee-HOYGANs Kuya kufuneka babuyele kwiiMacs zabo nakwiWindows, kwaye bayeke ukuzama "ukulungisa" iLinux. Ayophukile, yilahle!
Ngokuyinxenye-kwaye yile nto ndingenako ukuyamkela- kukungahoyi ngokucacileyo kunye nokungahloniphi- nokuba ngabom okanye akunjalo- kweyona migaqo ibalulekileyo ye-NIX. Kukungahoyi nokungazi, nokunyathela amaxabiso endiwabambe njengam.indala,] yinyani kwaye ilungile, kwaye andindedwa apha. Inkqubo ichasene ngqo nento emelwe yi * NIX. Kwaye andithethi ngokubambana ngokungqinelana ne-POSIX. Yifilosofi yobudenge.
Inkqubo kukudibana. Ngumhlaseli ongenelelayo owenzelwe ukutshabalalisa iLinux njengoko siyazi, ibekwe kuthi sisihlwele. siyamazi-ubhetele kunawe ICamelCase. Kwaye abaqondi nje ngokunzulu njengoko kufanelekile. Inkqubo ayikhombisi kwicala ekufuneka ihambile. Ayiyixhasi inkululeko. Ayikhuthazi ukukhetha. Ayibonisi ukungafihli. Ayamkeli lula. Thatha ulawulo kwaye unyanzele ukuba unikezele kuye. Yenza usetyenziso kunye nezinto eziphambili zenkqubo zixhomekeke kuyo, kwaye ayinakusebenza ngaphandle kwayo. Ufumana isantya ngokurhwebeshela ebuhlanti bezinto ezingenalwazi okanye ezonqenayo okanye nje abaphuhlisi abangenalwazi ngesithembiso sokwenza ubomi babo bube lula. Ukuwela kule ndlela yokucinga kukungahoyi ingozi enkulu emelwe yinkqubo.
I-Debian ibisoloko ibambe umgca ngokuchasene nolu hlobo lwento kwixa elidlulileyo, kwaye ihlala ifumana imbeko yam ephezulu kunye nokunyaniseka ngenxa yengqibelelo yayo. Isigqibo sikaDebian apha sanyanzelwa. UDebian wenze impazamo enkulu kunye nobugwala [xa uTagliamonte engakhange ayitshitshise injongo kaGarbee], kwaye kufuneka balungise ikhosi yabo kwangoko. Ukudityaniswa kwenkqubo kwakungeyiyo intshukumo ehlakaniphileyo, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo yayingekacingwa kakuhle [(kwaye hayi, andikholwanga nasiphi na isizathu sikaRuss Albery)]. I-Debian kufuneka ilahle inkqubo kunye ne-ilk yayo, kwaye ibuyele kumaxabiso akhokele i-Linux ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwimbali, i-LED hayi kwinxalenye encinci nguDebian. Kuya kufuneka bawuqhawule umtshato esidlangalaleni nangokuvakalayo esidlangalaleni, nokuba kungabonakala kubuhlungu kwaye kuyacaphukisa okwethutyana, kwaye bajonge kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokulula kunye nenkululeko. Indawo yenkqubo kunye neqela lakhe koovimba non-free apho bahlala khona ukuba akukho kukhetha. Umsebenzisi makenze isigqibo sokuba yile nto ayifunayo. Ukhanyiso ukhetho oluhle kakhulu kwidesktop emiselweyo engenayo inkunkuma ye-GNOME ebhlokiweyo. Kwaye kwiinkokheli zikaDebian - emva kweminyaka engama-20 yokunyaniseka nokuvangela kwam, undiphoxile kunye nawo wonke umntu. Kuya kufuneka babe namaqanda amaqabane amancinci kwaye benze into elungileyo apha kwaye ngoku.
Thumela abo bangosomathuba esihogweni!
I-GNOME. Isiseko seLinux. freedesktop.org, [Umzobo] nabanye. Zizonke [umkhono wamasela ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni] amaqela anee-ajenda. Abangabo abo bakholelwa kwinkululeko. Bakholelwa kulawulo kwaye ukubekwa emgangathweni. Bakholelwa kwimonotony. Ngoobani aba bantu? Ngoobani aba babelwe ngokwabo abagcini kwilangatye leLinux? (ngabom kunye nesalathiso esingezantsi se-malware) Zithini ii-ajenda zakho zokwenyani? Ngubani oxhasa aba bantu ngemali? Kutheni le nto bafuna ngolunya ukutshintsha intliziyo yeLinux kude nefilosofi yayo eyinyani? Bayeke bayokwenza owabo "okhuphisana naye" kwiWindows nakwiMac.Ukuba benze njalo, ibiya kuba kukungafani, ukulandelela umsebenzisi, ukubuyela umva kweewindows neWindows. Abathethi ngam kwaye akufuneki ubavumele ngokungakhathali ukuba bathethele nawe.
Inkqubo yiTrojan. Inkqubo yijellyfish. Inkqubo sisiyobisi D.I-systemd iyakhwankqisa- hayi ngenxa yokuba izixhobo zayo zifunxa, okanye ngenxa yokuba ligazi elikhulu leenwele- kodwa ngenxa yokuba ngokwakha inamandla amakhulu. Kufuneka simkhuphe ngokudibeneyo kuba uya kuba neLinux, kwaye ngokwandisa thina nenkululeko yethu. Inkqubo i-será Linux Hlala ungenzi nto kwaye ungayikhathaleli le nyaniso yomngcipheko wethu sonke.
http://static1.gamespot.com/uploads/ignore_jpg_scale_medium/986/9866256/2540173-0237640794-Micha.gif
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, umphawuli wokuqala ophumeleleyo kuzo zonke iindleko-uhambo oluhlawulelweyo lwaphuma. Ngelixa ndikufutshane apha ndizakube ndibetha ibanhammer ngamandla. Izimvo ezithukayo kunye / okanye ngaphandle kweempikiswano ziya ngqo esihogweni, nokuba ndinomsindo wokuba ndithintelwe kwaye ndinjalo. Kulungile ukuba i-flamewar yonwabise kodwa «yonke into ngomlinganiso» ...
hahaha xD, ndiyibonile: v, impikiswano yakhe yayingalunganga kwaphela, kodwa waya engceni xa wenza i-xD
Ewe, uElav umvusile kwaye wamphendula.
HAHAHAJAJAJAJAJA, bekufanele ukuba kunjalo, jonga ukuba angathanda na ukuchitha ixesha kwiingxoxo ezingenantsingiselo. Ewe, ukuba yile nto ayifunayo ndihlamba izandla zam ndimnike ibhamhammer, ukusukela ngoku ndilungiselela ipopcorn yam kwaye ndibukele nje ... http://i.imgur.com/YcJ0XpY.jpg
Akukho nto iphosakeleyo ngolu luvo, luluvo olulula ngokubhekisele andazi ukuba yeyiphi iesile ... XDD
U @tete uphambene 😀
Ngendlela esele ndinayo inkqubo yam ekhululekileyo kwiConsolekit, iPolisi, kunye nokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kweengxaki 🙂
kulungile! Ukuchaneka kwe-Gentoo xD kuyamangalisa
Umm andazi malunga necala lakho, kodwa inkqubo yam indinike iingxaki ezininzi, ngakumbi nge-PAM, bendizolinda ixesha elide ukuba nditshintshe, okomzuzwana, njengoko ndisebenzisa ii-BSDs, ndikhetha ukusebenzisa i-OpenRC.
@roader, i-yuki isebenzisa i-OpenRC ngaphandle kwe-Consolekit okanye iPolisi
@roader, andiyithandi inkqubo, ndinamathela kwi-OpenRC kuba yiyo yonke into endiyifunayo, kunye nokuba lula ukuphatha. Ndizicimile i * Kits kwinkqubo yam, kwaye automount ndiyenza ndisebenzisa i-IgnorantGuru's udevil kwaye ihamba ngokugqibeleleyo. Malunga ne-PAM, oku kungapheliswa, kwi-Gentoo unawo amandla, andazi ukuba izakuba njani kwi-BSD.
Ndiyifundile, kwaye ngokubanzi ndiyavumelana noko ikutshoyo. Nangona i-imeyile enjalo kuluhlu lwekernel ... kubonakala ngathi ijonge nje ukwenza umlilo. Kodwa njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, oko akuthethi ukuba ikhankanya amanqaku aliqela, kodwa andicingi ukuba yindawo (ngokoluvo lwam).
Kufanelekile ukuba kwiintsuku ezintathu ezidlulileyo ndenze i-tweet ethi: «gnome, pulseaudio kunye ne-systemd zinento efanayo: indlela engonwabisiyo abanxibelelana ngayo (t) noluntu lwe #Linux: - /» https://twitter.com/gorlok/status/500413760595849216
Kwakungokubhekisa kwiingxabano eziqhubekayo zeeprojekthi, ngakumbi abaphuhlisi / iinkokheli zabo indlela abaqhubene ngayo noluntu, neengxoxo eziqhubekayo. Kucacile ukuba akunakwenzeka ukonwabisa wonke umntu, ngalo lonke ixesha, kwaye kwangaxeshanye uhlangane neenjongo. Akukho fomula yeprojekthi yokushiya wonke umntu onwabile ecula iKumbaya, kodwa ukusuka apho ukuya kwinqanaba eliqhubekayo leengxabano kunye nokungqubana okungapheliyo okukhoyo kwezi projekthi zintathu zemizekelo, kukho ukolulwa.
Ngokukodwa ngenkqubo, nangona kukho ukungqubana kunye nefilosofi yoyilo, iyasebenza, kwaye isombulula iingxaki zokwenyani nezingxamisekileyo ezifuna ukusonjululwa. Esona sisombululo sisiso? Andiyiqondi. Kungenxa yoko le nto ifumene indawo ngaphandle kongquzulwano. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, kukho indawo yokuba ezinye iiprojekthi zithathe indawo yazo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwisistim (okanye i-pulseaudio yomnye umzekelo), kwaye kuloo nto ndiyavuma ukuba nomsebenzisi, yiyo loo nto silungiselela loo ndlela eya kuthi ngokuqinisekileyo ihanjiswe ekugqibeleni. Enye indlela yokwenyani yenkqubo yokusebenza yayikukuqala ... okwakungekho ngaphandle kombuzo okanye ungquzulwano, phantse ngokufanayo.
Kwelinye icala ... ezi ngxabano azikho nzulu kangako, ziqhelekile kunendlela eyahlukileyo. Bekusoloko kukho kwaye kuya kuhlala kukhona. Kufanelekile ukukhankanya iimeko ezininzi zembali nge-GCC, umzekelo, eziye zavelisa ezinye iiprojekthi ngokuvavanya ezinye iindlela, eziye zathi ekugqibeleni zanceda uluntu.
Ndibheja ekugqibeleni enye iprojekthi iya kuthatha indawo ngokunjalo, ngaphandle kokuba inkqubo ekugqibeleni isebenza ngemibuzo yayo kwaye iyisombulule. Okwangoku ... yile nto iyiyo, kwaye ndicinga ukuba abaninzi bayayiqonda ngaloo ndlela, ngelixa bekhetha ukunikezela iinzame zabo kweminye imicimbi engxamisekileyo.
Inqaku lelokuba mininzi imibuzo kunye neengxaki malunga nenkqubo ethi uLeannart ayikhathali kangako malunga nokusombulula nangona icinezela ngamanye amaxesha, okanye ifihliwe ngokwenza ulungiso olubi kwisoftware enxulumene nesistim (Ityala likaKay). Iforum yayisele iqalile ukuthetha ngalo mbandela kwaye ndibeka etafileni ezinye zezinto ekufanele ukuba zenzeke nge-systemd kunye neebugs ezingajonganga sisombululo (okwangoku).
ikhonkco: http://foro.desdelinux.net/viewtopic.php?pid=21896#p21896
Undikhumbuza nge-OpenSSL ...
Ityala lifana okanye liphantse lafana ubuncinci ngasemva. Yinto efana nale: «Masenze imigca emininzi yekhowudi, masingaphawuli kuzo, masingazibhali phantsi, nangona kunjalo akukho mntu uphonononga ikhowudi kakuhle, kwaye ukuba kukho impazamo, kulungile siza kubona ukuba senza ntoni ngayo»
KwiLinux, akukho nto ibafaneleyo, ukuba i-distro nganye iyayicula, baxoxa ngento engalunganga, ulwahlulo kunye nolwandle ngemoto, kwaye ukuba bayayidibanisa kukuba bathathe inkululeko, ukuba abayenzi njengayo, baziva iesile kunye nenkqubo ...
Khange ndilindele enye impendulo evela eWindosero? (Andazi nokuba eli gama lisetyenziswe kakuhle). Abasebenzisi beWindows kunye neMac basetyenziselwa ukusebenzisa oko bakuthethayo, EWE okanye EWE. Oku akukaze kwenzeke nge-GNU / Linux, yiyo loo nto wonke lo msindo, kwaye ndikholelwe ayibangelwa kukusilela kwenkqubo, okanye iidonki.
Kulungile… http://boycottsystemd.org/.
Ndiyavuma kwimiba emininzi yoko kuxoxwe apha.
Ndiyalikhumbula i-nostalgia ngezo ntsuku ze-Arch xa ndandingenayo inkqubo, xa i-rc.conf yayikhona njalo njalo, kuba i-90% yenkqubo yam yokumisela ichazwe kule fayile.
Kwezinye ii-distros (ezinje ngeDebian) bekungenjalo, bekungekho konke kugxilwe kwifayile enye, kodwa andikhathali, i-init yayimnandi kum, ndiyayiqonda kakuhle, ndiyayazi ukuba isebenza njani kwaye iyenza njani ukuba isebenze njengoko bendifuna, imijikelo yokubaleka, i-rcconf, njl.
Ngoku ngenkqubo ... masithi into yokuqala kukuba yahlukile. Ijenali, i-systemctl, kunye nezinye izixhobo ewe, ziyasivumela ukuba senze okufanayo kodwa ndihlala ndizibuza, ingaba olu tshintsho lwaluyimfuneko ngenene? … U_U… Ndiyayazi impendulo yam, nawe uza kuyazi eyakho.
Andizisoli ngokusebenzisa i-systemd kwiArch ngoku (ewe, ayisiyiyo ukuba ndinako okanye andiyi kuzisola ngayo ... okanye ndiyisebenzise, okanye ndilibale iArch), kodwa ndinqwenela ukuba bekungenjalo.
Inqaku elihle. Andabelani ngokugqithileyo »i-crusade» ngokuchasene ne-SystemD, kodwa ndiyavuma ukuba inyani elula yokuba i-systemd yi-«ring enye ukubalawula bonke» ayisiyiyo eyona ndlela iphambili, akufuneki yenziwe ngokubanzi kwaye ngoku zonke ii-distros zamkele le ntanda-bulumko ... kulungile, abo bayibonileyo INkosi yeRingi sele besazi ukuba eli binzana liphela njani 😉
Ungasoloko usebenzisa enye initmanager, akukho nzima oko, ekuphela kwento kukuba izikripthi ze-init kufuneka zikhutshelwe (okanye zibhalwe) nguwe.
I-rc.conf engaqhelekanga, andiyiqondi inkqubo, sisizathu sokuba ndishiye iArch, ungayiqheli, sisidubedube sokwenyani
Kuyafana kwaye kunomdla
http://scriptogr.am/x_fausto/post/arch-linux-sin-systemd
Gracias!
Phendula nge quote
Ewe, ngaphandle kwenjongo yokona, kubonakala kum inqaku elibi kakhulu. Kukho imibuzo embalwa kakhulu yezobuchwephesha, kwaye umbhali ubonakala ebeka ukubaluleka okukhulu kwiimvakalelo ezizodwa. Ngokoluvo lwam, ukubekwa emgangathweni kweenxalenye ezisisiseko zenkqubo akubonakali kukubi kum.
ukulungiswa: Kubonakala kum ileta lempofu.
Ekuqaleni kwenqaku kucacisiwe ukuba ayilo nqaku ngumbhali kodwa inguqulelo yasimahla yeleta eyenziwe kuluhlu lweKernel ... kubonakala kubi ukuba kuphawulwe ngenxa yokuba.
Eli dabi liza kuba lide, umbuzo ngowokuba ingaba oku kungakhokelela kwi-init enye yazo zonke i-distros (iRingi yokubalawula bonke) okanye omnye umntu uya kuba nokhanyiselo lokwenza i-init entsha ngokuphuculwa kobuchwephesha kunye noyilo ngokubhekisele kungoku init, yinto ehlala ihleli ukuba ibonwe leyo.
Ngokwam, mna ngokobuqu ndisebenzise inkqubo iminyaka emibini (Uvavanyo lweArchlinux kunye novavanyo lweDebian, kwaye ndinabo oomatshini abaxhasi kunye ne-init) kwaye kufuneka nditsho ukuba amaxesha amaninzi yayiyintsikelelo nakwabanye ubuso bomtyholi bakunyathele kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Iibugs ezingaqhelekanga kunye nezinye ezinobungozi, ukuxhomekeka kunye ne-loops kwiinkonzo, ngamafutshane, izinto ezihamba nesoftware engekazinzi ngokufanelekileyo kwaye yona ehamba kunye nobunzima benkqubo engaqhelekanga.
Kwicandelo lophuhliso, bendifunda ikhowudi ye-systemd, ukubona ukuba ibhalwe njani kwaye ndinike ingxelo ngayo kwaye ebomini bam ndibone enye into engaphaya, ngaphandle kokuba mhlawumbi, kwiHlabathi yeHlabathi abathumela ukuba bayenze kwiklasi yakho yokuqala yenkqubo .
Ewe, njengomlilo wedangatye, intle kakhulu. Kodwa ngokubhekisele kwinqaku ndiza kuchaza umbono wam:
Init iphelelwe. Ngoba? Yonke imisebenzi ekufuneka uyenzile ngentambo enye (ndicinga ukuba wonke umntu uthanda izinto ukuba zihambe ngokukhawuleza kwaye asebenzise ezo processor zemulticore esinazo kwiikhompyuter zethu). Ayikuvumeli ukuxhomekeka phakathi kweenkqubo ukuze kungaqali ukuba ezinye azikho (ngaphandle kokuba sikhangele ngomyalelo we-ps, kodwa oku kubonakala ngathi kuyintlekisa). Kubasebenzisi banomsindo kangangokuba abangabaphuhlisi okanye abagcini beepakeji zonikezelo, baxelele ukuba singabagcini kunye nabaphuhlisi bezinye iindlela ekuqaleni (phezulu, inkqubo, ...) zisinike ubomi ukuze sikwazi ukwenza izinto zisebenze lula , ngakumbi kulwabiwo olufana noDebian ukuba xa ufaka ipakeji yonke into sele isebenza (ufaka i-Apache kwaye ukusukela ngala mzuzu sele iqalile kwaye iya kuhlala ikhona). Izinto ezine-init zinokuba lula, kodwa kuye kufike inqanaba apho kungasiniki sisombululo (ukukhetha kulungile kwaye kulula kakhulu, kodwa andiboni abasebenzi abaninzi besebenzisa ipiki ukumba imisele kwi-asphalt). Ke, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa inkqubo yanamhlanje kune-Init. Yeyiphi oyikhethayo? Sele ixoxwa ukuba ngaba i-SystemD, ukuba i-upstart, ukuba i-Init enye indlela (ngoku andisakhumbuli into eyabizwa ngokuba yi-inr nge-vr okanye hr), ndisebenzise i-upstart okuninzi ukuyitsho ukuba iluhlaza kakhulu kwiimfuno ababhekisi phambili kunye noko ndiqalekise iwaka kunye nexesha elinye. Ngaphezulu khange ndibenalo uvuyo lokukwazi ukuyichukumisa kakhulu, kodwa ukuba uninzi lwabiwo (iArch, Fedora, Suse, Debian, Ubuntu….) Ngaba uyikhethile, iya kuba yinto, akunjalo? Ukusuka kwinto endiyibonileyo kunokuba nzima ngakumbi ukuyisebenzisa (ayibonakali ngathi inzima kakhulu), kodwa ayisiyiyo into yokuba abasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo beLinux mababe nexhala. Kwaye ukuba ungumphuhlisi / umlondolozi / sysadmin, ewe, heyi, xa usebenzisa ikhompyuter uhlala usenza ukuba iphinde iphinde isetyenziselwe ukuphinda ifunde izinto ezintsha; Yintoni entle izolo, namhlanje ayisazifezekisi iimfuno kwaye kuya kufuneka utshintshe ukuphucula. Malunga nokuba ivaliwe okanye akunjalo, ukuba abaphuhlisi be-SystemD bayonqena kwaye abafuni ukulungisa izinto, zimbini iindlela onokukhetha kuzo. okanye wenze enye inkqubo yokuqalisa eyenza izinto ezifunekayo okanye ufunde indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo kunye nokunceda kuphuhliso.
Kwaye ukuba awusithandi isigqibo sikaDebian, ungahlala uzakhela eyakho i-distro kwaye uyenze ngendlela ofuna ngayo.
mnumzana, ndithatha umnqwazi wam ukuphawula kwakho
Okanye faka i-openrc (okanye nawuphi na umphathi) izikripthi ze-init ozifunayo kwaye uguqule i-init = ukhetho kwi-grub. Njengomlandeli wenkqubo leyo. Ngezizathu zokusebenza, sebenzisa i-openrc endaweni yoku kufuneka nditsho ukuba, nangona ingaphuhliswanga kangako, ayinanto yakubamonela, inenkxaso yokufanisa, iyahambelana ngakumbi. Ndifuna nje ukuba utshintshe i-consolekit yakudala iye kwi-logind.
I-Openrc, leyo yayiyeyona ndlela ibishukuxwe xa kutshintshwa i-Init kwaye andikhumbuli. Masibone, uninzi lwempikiswano evelisiweyo yavela kwinto yokuba ngenxa yenkqubo yokuxhomekeka yayinoxhomekeko (ndicinga ukuba ndiyakhumbula ukuba ngekernel) ivelise ukuba ayinakuthunyelwa kolunye uyilo, ukuze ibe simahla. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqala phezulu andicingi ukuba iyakuba yenye indlela efanelekileyo, kwaye i-openrc andikayiboni konke konke kwaye andinakuphawula.
Ngaphandle kokuba ngaphakathi kulula kakhulu ukuba wenze ntoni kwaye ungathini, ephepheni kujongeka kumnandi kakhulu, kodwa xa ulapho kunye ne-KDE, i-GNOME, iWayland kunye nezinye izinto ezihambelana kakhulu / zixhomekeke kwinkqubo efikileyo. yenza?
@roader, kunokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise i-OpenRC ngaphandle kwesidingo sokufakwa kweConsolekit okanye iPolisi
@raul, kuba i-OpenRC iyinit elula kakhulu, inani lekhowudi kuyo lingaphantsi kwama-40 amawaka emigca, xa kuthelekiswa ngaphezulu kwama-400 amawaka emigca yenkqubo (kwaye iyanda), ngelixa yona inezixhomekeko ezimbalwa kwaye imodareyitha ngakumbi nangaphezulu kwenkqubo. I-OpenRC ine-parallelization, iyaphatheka kwezinye ii-NIXs, iyakwazi ukunciphisa izibonelelo ngeenkonzo, inokudityaniswa neeCGroups kunye ne-SELinux (ezi zinto zimbini ziyinto efana neeflegi ezicwangcisiweyo).
Ndiyisebenzisa kwi-Gentoo, kwaye ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukungqinelana ibhuqa inkqubo yam kwimizuzwana engama-22,3 ngelixa inkqubo yenze kwi-Debian kwimizuzwana nje eyi-18 (andikhumbuli i-millisecond hehe) ndisebenzisa iinkonzo ezifanayo.
@Yukiteru, ingxaki endiyibonayo kukuba nge-openrc kuya kufuneka upheke zonke izikripthi zokuqalisa, kwaye yinto ekufuneka uyenzile, ngakumbi ukuba uneenkonzo ezixhomekeke komnye nomnye (umzekelo i-glusterfs kufuneka iqale emva kweebhutsi zenethiwekhi, kodwa kungekude emva kwenkqubo yefayile), yiyo loo nto andizukuyenza inzame yokubhala kwakhona zonke izikripthi zokuqalisa zenye inkqubo. Ukuba lowo uphumeleleyo kunye nenkqubo yenkqubo yoluntu uthatha isigqibo, siya kuyamkela, eyi-Upstart, ke qhubeka nayo.
@ Abasebenzi, ukuba iprojekthi ithatha isigqibo sokuthatha umendo, andinakwenza nto ngaphandle kokuyilandela okanye ukuthatha enye indlela. IGnome yam ayithandi xa nditshintshela kwiGnome3 kwaye ndatshintshela kwi-KDE. Kwakukho abantu abangayithandiyo iGnome3 nokuba bathathe isigqibo sokwenza iMate. Khange ndiyifunde ilayisensi ye-SystemD, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ndinolwazi oluncinci kangakanani nge-LGPL 2.1 kwaye ekuphela kwento kukuba kubonakala ngathi isebenzisa into enelayisensi yobunini, ngenxa yoko andicingi (ndithetha kancinci ngokungazi ngobunzima) kunzima kakhulu ukwenza ifolokhwe ukuba ixesha lifikile apho yonke into ixhomekeke kwiNkquboD. Ndiqinisekile awuyi kukhululeka ngayo yonke into oyisebenzisayo kwidesktop yakho, kodwa ukuba kukho enye indlela onokuyitshintsha, kwaye ukuba akunjalo, ndicinga ukuba uyakuyamkela kuba akukho nto ilunge, akunjalo?
@Thixo Nge-OpenRC kufuneka ubhale kwakhona izikripthi zokuqalisa? Kulungile ubuncinci kwi-Gentoo khange ndiyenze nokuba ndisebenzise ukufana, kwaye ukuba kukho imfuneko yokuba isetyenziswe kwenye i-distro, kunjalo kwimeko yase-Debian okanye nakweyiphi na enye i-distro efudukela kwi-SystemD, kuya kufuneka Phinda ubhale uninzi lwezikripthi ukuze uzilungelelanise ne-PATHs phakathi kwezinye iinkcukacha eziza ne-distro ekuthethwa ngayo.
Ewe, ndicinga ukuba i-systemd iyamangalisa, ndiyivavanyile kwi-distros njenge-archlinux kwaye isebenza njengembumbulu, kwaye nangona iphunyezwa kuvavanyo lwe-debian kusekho iinkonzo ezithile ezindala ezinesikripthi kwi /etc/init.dy ukuqaliswa ngokuhambelana njenge "LSB", ke ngexesha elithile i-debian sele ifake yonke into kwi-systemd. Umcimbi ayisiyiyo kuphela isantya esibonelelayo, kodwa iparadigm yolawulo lwenkonzo icwangciswe kakuhle ngokufanelekileyo nangobungangamsha. Ngapha koko, ujonge / usr / lib / systemd / system kunye / njl / systemd / inkqubo ungenza umthi wengqondo weenkonzo ngexesha lokuqalisa, enyanisweni, ukuzonwabisa ndizibhalele ephepheni elibonakalayo umthi okhutshwe kumxholo yeefayile zenkqubo kwaye kuyacaca ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. Umzekelo, ukuseta ngokungagqibekanga kusungula okungagqibekanga.target, eyikhonkco kwigrafu.target (nokuba akukho bume bemizobo efakiweyo), kwaye unokuguqula okungagqibekanga.target ngeendlela ezi-3.
1) Chaza kumgca we-kernel ixabiso ekujolise kuko kwenkqubo
2) In / usr / lib / systemd / system modifying the default.target link
3) inkquboctl yenza ukuba izinto ezininzi-user.target || inkquboctl yenza umzobo.target okanye nantoni na oyifunayo ngokungagqibekanga. Kuba eziithagethi zinegama elithi default.target kwicandelo lokufaka, ukuzifaka kulingana nokudala ikhonkco kwithagethi emiselweyo kwi /etc/systemd/system/default.target.
Ukongeza, kuyabonakala ukuba abaphathi beseshoni bathambile, umzekelo phantsi kwe-archlinux, kunokubonwa ukuba bafakelwe i-alias yeseshini-umphathi.service (okanye igama elifanayo), kunye nomzobo.target has wants (optional optional) ukuya kwiseshini-umphathi.sevisi kunye nokuxhomekeka ngokungqongqo kwi-multi-user.target. Ngamafutshane, yakhiwe kakuhle ...
Nibuliso!
Uthetha ukuthini emva kokuba iSystemD isiza kwiDebian? Ubuncinci yile nto ndiyicingayo, ndicinga ukuba kufanelekile ukuba wayithumela le nto ngaphambi kokuba yenzeke.
Kwelinye icala iSystemD ibhetele kuzo zonke iindawo (ngaphandle (kokubonakalayo) koku kukhankanyiwe apha ngasentla) kunezinye iindlela ezizezinye, ngapha koko yindawo yokujonga oko ikubhengeza apho.
Ayisiyi kuba yinto enzima ukuyitshintsha i-OpenRC.
Ngaba usenayo le nto? Abantu ababonakali ngathi bayazi ukuba iimfazwe ze-init sele ziphelile ngenkqubo ephumeleleyo, kuba akusekho khuphiswano.
Zeziphi / zazizikhetho?
-Yima
Ngokuqinisekileyo akunjalo.
-Qala, i-OpenRC….
Hayi, akukho nanye kwezi sele ikho enesibonelelo sobugcisa okanye indawo yoluntu kunye nenkxaso yeshishini enayo inkqubo, sikholelwa ukuba umdali we-Upstart (olona tshaba lomeleleyo) uyakuqonda oko kwaye wasincoma isigqibo sikaDebian sokufudukela kwinkqubo.
-Yila into entsha.
Oku akufuneki ukuba kuchazwe.
Ke ukuba siphumelele osinika isoftware yasimahla ngaphandle kokuhlukumeza i-CLA, ke masiyisebenzise, ukuba "yiringi yokubalawula bonke" kuya kufuneka sibandakanyeke kwaye sifumane indlela esinokuthi sonke sisebenzise iringi ngaxeshanye.
Malunga nomsesane, kutheni kungekho mntu ukhalazayo ngekernel? ikwayikhonkco enye ukubalawula bonke, kwaye akukho mntu ukhusela uHurd (kwaye unesizathu esihle).
kwaye ndithatha isibindi, ngoku nayo yonke le "despiole" (ingqalelo, ndizakusebenzisa into engeyiyo ukugxininisa umbono wam) wonke umntu unxiba ihempe ye-BSD ... ngequbuliso bonke bangabasebenzisi be-BSD, kwaye bayayikhuthaza iyafumaneka yonke isoftware ye-BSD, i-AmigaOS, i-BeOS, iSolaris njlnjl .. masihambe makhwenkwe ... ukuba unomdla kakhulu kwezi nkqubo, thumela ii-patches ukuze inkqubo ihambelane ... okanye ukusilela oko, faka izicelo kuxhomekeke kwisistim ukuze ihambelane nawe.
Ngokuchanekileyo, kukho intetho ephindaphindeneyo.
Ukuba le kernel isetyenzisiwe, kungenxa yokuba akukho zinketho zikwinqanaba elifanayo lokukhula, kodwa ayongxaki, inelayisensi yasimahla, singayisebenzisa, sibandakanyeke ukuze isebenze NJENGOKO SIFUNA kwaye xa Ixesha lifikile lokuyitshintsha (Yintoni eza kuza) ukhethe ukhetho (kwezo sele ziphuhlisiwe) eziqhubeka zisinika inkululeko efanayo.
@ x11tete11x
Kwi-BSD akukho lula kangako, ngenxa yendlela eziphatha ngayo iiprojekthi.
I-GUN / i-Linux ngokwendalo yiparadesi yokusebenza, iipatches kunye neepatches ezingakumbi, ezininzi ezingaphuculwanga, ezibhalwe gwenxa kwaye ekugqibeleni zifuna iipatches ezingaphezulu, ezifuna iipatches, ezifuna iipatches ...
* Kwaye iliso * anditsho ukuba enye yeendlela ibhetele kunezinye, zahlukile nje.
Njengoko ndiphendulile ku raul, kukho umgangatho ophindwe kabini (kwaye ndongeza ukungakhathali) kuyo yonke le nto, echaphazela nokukhankanyiweyo.
Uninzi lwalawo aqhwaba * i-BDS ikwangabo bahlasela imeko yesoftware yasimahla kwizinto ezinje ngabaqhubi bepropathi kwaye bagcwalise imilomo yabo besithi bakhetha uMthombo ovulekileyo, ngaphandle kokubona ukuba umzekelo, i-OpenBSD kunye nezithethi zayo eziphambili, ubuncinci ngokungqongqo NjengoStallman ngokwakhe kunye nokuhambisa okuncinci.
Ke, abo bantu ekugqibeleni abafaki galelo kwi-BSD okanye kwi-GNU, njengoko besitsho kwi-baseball slang: Nokuba yi-pichan, okanye ukubamba, okanye ukuvumela i-bat.
Inqaku lilungile, kuphela kokuba endaweni yokuchaza ukuba kutheni isistim ngumhlaza (yona) uyabila ngaphandle kokunika inkcazo yokuba kutheni isistim imbi.
Into embi malunga ne-systemd liqela elincinci (elihlawulelwe kakuhle) eliqhuba uphuhliso lwalo, aliniki bantu ikota yebhola, liguqula iindlela ezibonakalayo njenge syslog-ng nejenali… yonke into iba mnyama phantsi kwenkqubo.
Ukudibanisa kulungile, kodwa ukuba kwenziwe luluntu lonke, ayisiyi-dick yerabha ehlawulwa kakuhle yeshishini kunye nomdla wobukumkani.
Ngethamsanqa i-gentoo kunye ne-funtoo bathe hayi, i-openrc ayizukutshintshwa njengenkqubo emiselweyo, sikwanethamsanqa ukuba i-gentoo forked udev kunye ne-eudev yenzelwe ukususa igcushuwa kwi-udev / systemd.
$ eix -Ic eudev
[I] sys-fs / eudev (1.9-r2@27/07/14): Isixhobo esiguqukayo nesixhaphakileyo segama le-Linux (indawo yabasebenzisi ye-devfs)
$ eix -I-openrc
[I] ii-sys -apps / openrc (0.12.4@20/04/14): I-OpenRC ilawula iinkonzo, ukuqala kunye nokucima umphathi
Akonelanga ukuba ubonakale ulungile, kuya kufuneka uyingqine kwaye kulapho inkqubo isilelayo, into engekhoyo kukuba bayifowunela inkqubo, kwaye batshintshe iinkokheli zayo.
Kuba luguqulelo lwesithuba kuluhlu lweposi lweKernel, hayi uluvo lomntu ngombhali wenqaku.
Lennart uyazi ukuba torpedo eudev. Cwangcisa ukuhambisa i-udev kwi-kdbus
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2014-May/019657.html
Ndiyazibuza ukuba kutheni torpedo iphrojekthi yefoloko njenge-eudev? Ngaba uLennart akanomdla kwaphela ukuba abanye banokwenza ezinye iindlela ezinokubakho kwisoftware evela kwiRed Hat?
Ewe oku akuthethi ukuba ayinakwenzeka, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo iya kwenza izinto zibe nzima ngakumbi kwaye iiprojekthi ezinje nge-eudev zinokuwa ngenxa yokuba zingenakukwazi ukuqhubeka kunye ne-udev / systemd / kdbus kunye nenani lezixhobo ezinikezelwe kuyo.
Andazi kodwa kwinqanaba esiya ngalo kwinqanaba elithile siya kuba nalo mgca ulandelayo ekukhutshweni kwethu: «Ngokusekwe kwiRed Hat Linux OS. Onke amalungelo agciniwe © 20XX »
Andazi ukuba amakhwenkwe aza kusombulula njani nge-eudev, kodwa i-KDbus yiprojekthi endiyibambayo, bubudenge obungenangqondo ukuba kufuneka nditshintshe umxholo ka-2 okanye ka-3 amaxesha ukunxibelelana ngenkqubo nge-Dbus yangoku, iphambene ...
ukuba ayikho phantsi kwenkqubo, iya kuba phantsi kwe-init, kodwa i-KDbus akufuneki ibe yinto ethathwa kancinci ...
Ngokuqinisekileyo inqaku lelokuba uLennart uya kwenza nantoni na ayifunayo ngale khowudi, kulapho ingongoma ikhoyo, uLennart kunye nenkampani sele benomsindo abaninzi ngenxa yokugqitha, kwaye noLinus ngamanye amaxesha uye waphosa elinye okanye elinye ilitye lendlela yakhe yokwenza izinto .
Ngokuqinisekileyo apho imaski yawa, ayizange iyeke ukundothusa amandla anayo imali.
Kuba izakuchaphazela abantu be-gentoo ukuba le drone izama ukubeka i-kdbus ngaphakathi embindini, kuyakufuneka aqinisekise uLinus ukuba abeke ukubola ngaphakathi ngaphakathi.
Ngaphandle kwe-gentoo kukho abaphuhlisi abanokuthwala utshintsho ukusuka kwi-udev kunye ne-kdbus ukuya kwi-eudev, akunzima kwaphela xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubungakanani be-udev / systemd khowudi.
Kufuneka ngokungxamisekileyo ukwenza ifolokhwe kwaye uluntu luphela luphathe izigqibo zendlela ezenziwa ngayo izinto.
Eyona nto indicaphukisayo ngenkqubo kukuxhomekeka kwinkonzo kwenye, olo lawulo kufuneka lube lukhokelo, ukuba ulahlekelwa kukulawula ukuba yeyiphi i-daemon esebenzayo okanye engasebenziyo, emva koko ulahle ulawulo lwenkqubo yakho ... kwelo nyathelo baya kuphakamisa ukususa kwiingcambu kwaye ufake umfanekiso ongenakuguqulwa kwidiski .. ..yonke isebenza ngendlela efanayo, indlela enkulu kwimeko ye "bug engaziwayo" ukuze ibe nakho ukulawula zonke ii-pcs ze-linux.
ndinike isizathu sokuba kutheni kungaphunyezwa i-kdbus kuluncedo (kwaye anditsho ukuba yonke inkqubo, i-KDbus kuphela), bubudenge obungenangqondo ukuba kufuneka utshintshe umxholo amaxesha ama-2 okanye ama-3 ukunxibelelana ngenkqubo nge-Dbus yangoku, kuyaphambana ...
Anditsho ukuba kubi ukuphumeza ibhasi ye-desktop kwisithuba se-kernel, into endiyithethayo kukuba ukuphunyezwa kwe-kdbus (Lennart's) ngekhe kuthembeke kuba uya kuyitshintsha ngendlela othanda ngayo ukusongela umhlaba wonke proyects.
Sele ndizifundile izimvo zeLinus ezikwi-systemd kwaye andicingi ukuba ndisisidenge kakhulu ukuba ndinikezele.
Ngubani ovumele uLennart ukuba abambe impumlo yakhe kwiilog zenkqubo? ichaphazela iphakheji ye-syslog-ng kunye nejenali yayo kwifomathi yokubini, elula # ikati / var / log / umyalezo | grep -i into
Ivumelekile naphi na ukuba ibone ilog ecociweyo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa nayiphi na into engekhoyo kwinkqubo yesiseko, kuye kwavela ukuba ijenali isebenzisa ifomathi yokubini kwaye kuphela nge-jpurnald ephumelelayo ungawubona umxholo kwaye uyihluze ngeeparameter akukho lula .
Ungayisebenzisa njani inkqubo kunye ne syslog-ng ngaphandle kokufaka ijenali? ... yiyo loo nto ungumhlaza, usasazeka kuwo onke amacandelo enkqubo, ukogquma, ukuthintela nokucima ezinye iipakethi.
Ingxelo yokubini, kuvakala ngathi ziWindows kum.
@emiliano, kwaye ungaphoswa ziinkcukacha zokuba kufuneka uyiqale kwakhona i-PC kwimeko yenkqubo kunye neenkonzo ezininzi ezihlaziyiweyo ngaxeshanye, kwezo meko nokuba ungenzi inkqubo ye-daemon-yokuphinda ulayishe iya kukugcina ekwenzeni kwakhona ukuqala kwakhona kwinkqubo yakho ukuba ufuna ukuba isebenze njengoko injalo. Windows? Phi?
Ndihlala ndisebenzisa ulwabiwo lwe -deb kuba kum zihlala zilula ukuzisebenzisa kunezo zosapho lwe .rpm.
Olo lonwabo bendisoloko ndicinga ngalo ukuqala. Ndibuhlungu mhla ndafunda ukuba uDebian ukhethe inkquboD
Ngokunyaniseka ikhowudi yemvelaphi isaya kubakho, yenza eyakho i-distro. Khange ndibone nayiphi na inkcazo yento engalunganga nge-systemd ngaphandle kwamagqabantshintshi ngaphandle kwento malunga nobuchwephesha, ulwandle lwamagama athukayo angenangcaciso, ok ngaphandle kokungabikho kokucaca (ukumelana notshintsho), isasebenzisa i-BSD, nayo le haiku os ... kwaye zininzi iinkqubo ezisebenza simahla xa ungakhange uqaphele 🙂 Ndincoma i-haiku os. Ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba yintoni into kaSathana malunga nayo yonke le nto kodwa nditshaye yonke le nto kwaye andibonanga nantoni na efanelekileyo ngaphandle kwesimo sefilosofi (esiqhelekileyo kwi-debian) ndicinga ukuba awuyi kuba nguwe wedwa ukungavumelani noku, kufanelekile kwaye bayenze igqibelele. Imibuliso, ndiza kuqala ukukhathazeka xa ikhowudi yemvelaphi ingafikeleleki, okwangoku neeee.
Ngaphezulu kwenqaku, kubhalwe ngokucacileyo ukuba yileta evela kuDebianite kuluhlu lkml.org, kodwa hayi ukugxekwa ngumbhali (@diazepan).
Zonke init "iingxaki" zinxulumene neesistim zedesktop, apho i-GNU / Linux ingekhoyo. Kwicandelo leeseva, apho i-GNU / Linux ingu # 1, init yeyona ilungileyo. Ukuba ubona umsebenzisi ekhaba ngokuchasene neSystemD, ngokuqinisekileyo kungenxa yokuba ilawula uninzi lweeseva.
Ukubulisa
Ngaba iLinus Torvalds khange ikhuphe umbhekisi phambili?
http://gutl.jovenclub.cu/linus-torvalds-desconecta-a-uno-de-los-programadores-del-kernel-de-linux
Ndisebenzisa i-linux kodwa andikaze ndizinikele ukuyazi ngaphakathi ke ezi ngxoxo zenkqubo ephezulu kunye nezinye zivakala ngathi ziTshayina kum. Ke ndibuza into ukuba kutheni besithi inkqubo le ngumhlaza?
Zingakanani izinto ezinokuchaphazela ukukhula kweenkozo zelinux.Ngaba zinokungahambelani kusasazo? enkosi 🙂
Bamphosa ngaphandle ngokuba inguye ovelise iibugs ngaphandle kokwazi ukuba uzisombulule njani. Yiyo loo nto ingqumbo.
Kwaye ukuba oko akonelanga, nazi iinkcukacha ezimbalwa zokuba kutheni iLinux ihamba ngokuthe chu kwifilosofi ye-UNIX:
1.- I-FSF ichasene ne-UNIX. Ke ngoko, ekubeni i-kernel yenziwa, i-FSF yeyona inefuthe lomgama phakathi kwe-Unixeros.
2.- UNIX kwiiseva sele ibonwa njengeWindows XP kwi-PC ze-desktop. Yiyo loo nto, kutheni ii-supercomputer zikhona -ezona ndawo zixhaswa yi-GNU / Linux distro.
Ukuba bekungekho ngala manqaku mabini, uChristopher Barry ngewamkelwe ngabasebenzisi beLinux ngokubanzi. Kodwa okoko silibale ukuba i-UNIX ayisasebenzi ngokufana naphambili (nangona kufanele ukuba yamkelwe ngaphandle kwayo, i-intanethi okanye ikhompyutha njengoko sisazi ukuba ibiya kubakho), kwaye icandelo lezoshishino lixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwiLinux (jonga yeyiphi i-distro ethengiswayo kwiNew York Stock Exchange).
YayinguKay Sievers, kwaye uLinus wamnqabela ukuba ongeze ikhowudi kwikernel kuba inika iingxaki ngakumbi kunokuba isombulule, ukongeza ekufuneni ukuvala i-kernel debug ukufihla iziphene kwikhowudi ayibhalela inkqubo. Ingxelo yoqobo ingapha:
https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=76935
Ekugqibeleni, kuya kufana nokusebenzisa iiWindows ...
Kwaye xa bethetha ngeRoma ... bakhuphe nje iinguqulelo ezintsha ze-udev-init-script kunye ne-openrc
https://packages.gentoo.org/package/sys-fs/udev-init-scripts
https://packages.gentoo.org/package/sys-apps/openrc
Ndikhumbula xa ndatshintsha ukusuka ku-udev ndaya eudev, wonke umngcipheko kuba kufuneka uqale ususe udev emva koko ufake i-eudev, okwangoku usebenza emoyeni, ukuba kukho into ehamba gwenxa awunandlela yimbi ngaphandle kokuchopha hehe.
Hahahahaha ukuba uhamba emaphethelweni e-precipice, into elungileyo kukuba inesisombululo se-chroot kwaye ayikho enye into 🙂
UTheo de Raadt wayeza kuzibhuqa ngokuhleka kule flamewar (kunye nokucinga ukuba iLibreSSL yazalwa ngaphandle kwengxaki yokugcina i-OpenSSL kunye nokungasebenzi kwayo kwesoftware ngokwayo kwiminyaka yayo yamva).
Kuya kwenzeka into enye ukuba iSystemD ibinomdla weTheo kunye neOpenBSD hooligans (baya kuyibiza InkquboX ngokubhekisele kwi-UNIX kunye nosapho, ukongeza baya kuyenza ukuba ihambelane kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye-njengeLibreSSL- kunye nephepha lewebhu elinamaComic Sans typography).
Ngapha koko, kubonakala ngathi iSlackware kunye neGentoo ziya kufumana abalandeli ngakumbi enkosi kwi-flamewar (ngokungathandekiyo, iSlackware yeyona nto iqhotyoshelwe kwi-UNIX kunye nefilosofi ye-KISS uqobo)
Umntu onenzondelelo yempambano konke oku kuyavakala kum
Ndingakuxelela ukuba ixesha lakho kwi-debian liphelile, ukuba ufuna ukugcina imikhwa yakho ye-UNIX, uya kuziva ukhululekile nge-OpenRC kwi-Gentoo-ungayifaka ngokukhuselekileyo i-KDE kwaye awuyi kufumana mingxunya yaseGnome. Inkqubo kunye neGnome zihamba kunye, iya kuba yintloko yokupakisha ipakeji nganye, njengoko ubuntu yayifuna phezulu. Kwi-debian popcon ihlala isithi iGnome iyasetyenziswa, oovimba balinganiselwe, kwaye bakwi-beta yesibini yokukhutshwa.
Ngaba umntu unokundichazela ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo kwaye yeyiphi ingxaki ngayo (nangona ndicinga ukuba ziyaphi izithonga)? Kungenxa yokuba nangona ndisebenzisa i-Linux andazi kakuhle ukusebenza kwayo ngaphakathi.
Inkqubo yinkqubo enoxanduva lokuqala indlela yokusebenza (init) kunye nazo zonke iinkonzo oza kuzisebenzisa kwikhompyuter yakho, ukusuka ekunyuseni i-hard disk kunye ne-usb, ukuya kwiidemoni eziza kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise i-intanethi, kunye ukucima inkqubo kunye nokulandela iiseshoni zomsebenzisi, phakathi kwezinye izinto ezininzi.
Akukho ndlela, yokufumana iHardware exhasa iFreeBSD kakuhle 😛
Yinyani eliotime3000
1. I-FSF ayiyithiyi i-UNIX. Banomdla kuphela ekukhuthazeni isoftware yasimahla. Ukuba i-AIX okanye i-HP-UX bemahala bebeya kunconywa sisiseko. URichard Stallman uthe ukhethe ukwenza inkqubo efana ne-UNIX ngenxa yokuphatheka kwayo okukhulu kunye nococeko, nangona wayenokugxekwa ngokubanzi.
Kwaye iintshukumo ze-FSF azinanto yakwenza nokwahlulahlula i-UNIX kunye ne-GNU / Linux, kodwa ke oku kuvela kwimodeli yophuhliso oluyindlalifa okanye olufunyenweyo. Ngelixa eyokuqala iphakathi, izinzile kwaye ivavanyiwe, okwesibini kubandakanya ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza okukhulu kunye neempawu, ngaphandle kokwenza uvavanyo olunzima.
Kwi-gentoo unokuba ne-linux kernel okanye i-freebsd kernel, sesona sizathu siphambili sokuba i-gentoo iyala inkqubo, njengoko uza kwazi, inkqubo ibotshelelwe kumaqelana ekuthi kuphela i-linux kernel inayo kwaye ingazidibanisi iinkozo ezinje nge freebsd.
$ eix -c yemithombo ye-freebsd
[N] imithombo ye-sys-freebsd / freebsd (-): Imithombo ye-FreeBSD kernel
Izixhobo zanamhlanje ziyahambelana ngokupheleleyo kuma-95% amatyala, enye ingxaki nge-asics netbook engaqhelekanga okanye iichips zencwadana yamanqaku, kodwa ngokubanzi ezinye azinangxaki, ezinye i-bios ngaphandle phaya kunye neetafile ze-ACPI azigqitywanga kakuhle, kodwa akukho nto ingenako ukulungiswa ngokuqokelela i-kernel okanye ukudlulisa i-kernel parameter kwi / etc / default / grub
Ngaba amagama ahamba nomoya
Amagama kuphela ngaphandle kweempikiswano, idatha yekhonkrithi, uthelekiso ...
yintetho yefilosofi
Ndingathanda ukufumana ukuqiqa okubhaliweyo kuyo yonke loo ntetho, kodwa andifumani nto
"Abo bacinga ukuba iLinux kufuneka izikhathaze malunga neziyatha kwaye iiHOYGAN kufuneka zibuyele kwiiMacs nakwiWindows, kwaye ziyeke ukuzama" ukulungisa "iLinux."
Lo ngowona mzekelo ucacileyo wokuba kutheni uninzi lwabasebenzisi beWindows lusibona njengesigebenga segeeks eziziva ngathi ziyinkaba yehlabathi ... kwelam icala, uBarry angayisonga ileta yakhe encinci ayibeke apho, kuloo ndawo yomzimba apho ilanga lingakhanyi khona.
Ewe, inkqubo yam ayikholisi, ayizinzanga njengokuba yayinjalo ekuqaleni, kwaye inyani kukuba andikhathali nokuba ivulekile, i-upstart systemd, ukuba i-pc yam iqala ngokukhawuleza.
UTina, uninzi lwabasebenzisi ngabo abangazange bangene kwiforum ukuze bajonge iingxoxo, abangazi nobukho beLinux kwaye ukuba bayayenza, bayazi ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga nebala limdaka ebizwa ngokuba Ubuntu. Ke ngoko ezi ngxoxo, umsebenzisi ophakathi akafikeleli okanye afumanise, enyanisweni uninzi lwabo alusazi ukusebenzisa iWindows kakuhle.
Pandev… unyanisile emhlabeni; uninzi lwabasebenzisi beWindows abafundanga okanye bathathe inxaxheba kwiingxoxo ezinjalo, yiyo loo nto benomfanekiso ogqwethekileyo womsebenzisi we-GNU / Linux. Kwaye ngezimvo ezinjalo zobuyatha, njengaleyo ibhalwe nguBarry, abanamdla ungako. Ngubani ofuna ukuphathwa "njengesiyatha kunye noHoygan"? Ngubani ocinga ukuba uChristopher Barry ubhekisa kwabanye ngale ndlela? Ke i-GNU / Linux yayi, kwaye iya kuhlala ililizwe kuphela elifanele "abo bakhanyiselweyo" abayiqondayo imiba yezobuchwephesha kunye "nenkululeko" eyaziwayo? Abasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo abaqhelekileyo abafuna i-GNU / Linux ukuba ivelise i-distros ezinobuhlobo, ekulula ukuzisebenzisa kwaye sincinci kakhulu okanye asinamdla kulwimi lwenkqubo kunye nemfundiso kaStallman, asibali kuba ngokwe «Mnu. Barry »sizizidenge?
tina, pandev. Qaphela ukuba ikhonkco endilibeke kwinxalenye ye-hoygans ndilibeka ngendlela embi.
Molo uDiazepan. Enkosi ngengcaciso, kodwa besele ndiqaphele. Ngapha koko, ngaphambi kokuba ndenze uluvo lwam, ndafunda ileta yokuqala ukuba icace malunga noko uBarry azama ukukutsho kwaye yayiyinyani enkulu ukuba ugxeka imvelaphi- ayisiyiyo ifomu- kunye nezongezo ezingaqhelekanga, kwaye ichanekile ngokwenene.
Yimeko efanayo "nobisi olubi" endilusebenzisayo ukubhekisa kwinto ethi "Mnu" UChristopher Barry uvakalise ngokungafunanga.
Ndiyayiqonda, njengawe Diazepan, ukuba uthini uBarry phakathi kwemigca kwaye ndivumelana ngokupheleleyo nokugxeka kwakho.
Ndicinga ukuba kufuneka uzibeke emxholweni, le leta yayithunyelwe kubani? ewe, ukusuka kule Berry ukuya kwiLKML.ORG, oko kukuthi, kunokwenzeka ukuba ngumsebenzisi wenkqubo oqhubayo ojongana nabanye abaphuhlisi abaphambili ... hayi abasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo.
I-GNU / Linux ifikile apho inombulelo kuba badwelisi benkqubo, isengabaprogram abaphucula kwaye baqhubela phambili konke oku.
Sijongene nenkqubo yokusebenza kunye neenkqubo ezenziwe ngabantu hayi ziinkampani, kwinkampani umphathi uthi le yenziwa njalo kuba nditsho kwaye ngenxa yoko siyabahlawula, isigxina, ngaloo ndlela umsebenzisi akasoze alalanise nomdali Inkqubo okanye inkqubo.
Ngoku jonga okwenzekayo kwi-GNU / Linux, abasebenzisi ngaphandle kokwazi okuninzi bencokola nabaprogram….
Andifuni ukuphakamisa impikiswano ngala magqabantshintshi, andinguye umdwelisi wenkqubo, ukuze nditsho nje ukuba kufuneka uzibeke kwimeko yokuba yenzeke njani.
Ukucaphula umntu okhululekileyo ekuthethwa ngaye:
Ngokumakisha abasebenzisi beWindows njenge izidenge kunye nokudodobala ngaphezulu kokwaneleyo ukuqaphela uBarry a isidenge kunye neHOYGAN (Baninzi abayaziyo indlela yokusebenzisa ithuba leAdobe suite, iinkqubo zeAutodesk {ezinje ngezitudiyo zemidlalo yevidiyo, kubandakanya iValve neBandai Namco}, iimodeli ezisebenzisa iSolidWorks kunye neeprinta zazo ze3D kunye nezinye iiteknoloji).
Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, sesinye sezizathu zokuba ungaluqwalaseli uluvo lwale fanboy lokuba angangcono xa esebenza noTheo de Raadt kuphuhliso lweLibreSSL kunye neOpenBSD.
Into esekwe kwinkqubo ibe ngumlo we-egos, oothixo abakhulu abakholwayo. Umbono we-systemd wawungekho mbi ekuqaleni kodwa kubonakala kum kuyinto enkulu kakhulu kwaye inzima kwinkqubo efana ne-Unix, isasebenza isiqingatha (iingxaki zekernel debug umzekelo). Nangona ukuba owenze intlekele ye-pulseaudio ukwigalikhi (amaxesha ngamaxesha kwenzeka izinto ezingaqhelekanga kum kunye naye), iya ngaphandle kokuthetha okungakumbi. Xa ndiqala nge-linux upstart khange ibekho, yayiyi-init kwaye iyasebenza.
Ongaziwayo:
Umxholo woku yileta evulekileyo ebhekiswe kuluntu luphela:
Umhla wangoLwesibini, nge-12 Agasti 2014 15:38:12 -0400
Isuka kuChristopher Barry
Isihloko se-OT: Vula ileta kwiLinux World
"Ngoku jonga okwenzekayo kwi-GNU / Linux, abasebenzisi ngaphandle kokwazi okuninzi bangena kwiincoko neenkqubo ..." Ilingana "Abo bacinga ukuba iLinux kufuneka ibonelele kwizidenge kunye nabantu abasebenzisa idroli kufuneka babuyele kwiiMacs zabo nakwiWindoze boxen, bayeke ukuzama 'ukulungisa' iLinux."
Ucebisa ukuba ndenze ntoni emva koko engaziwa? Ukuba ndibuyela kwiMac yam okanye kwiWindows? Kubonakala kum ukuba inxenye yoluntu lwe-GNU / Linux yenziwe ngabantu abasebenzisa i-GNU / Linux kuba isinika inkqubo yokusebenza esiyithandayo. Elo qela, endililungu lalo, asizizo iinkqubo kwaye, njengokuba kunjalo, asizifumani izindululo zikaStallman. Kukho abasebenzisi, abanjengam, abangakhathaliyo kwaye asinamdla wokwazi ukuba ngaba isistim iyaphula inkululeko - ndicinga ukuba uBarry ubhekisa kwabo babhengezwa nguRichard Stallman, nangona engatsho njalo - kuba sibona kwiGNU / Linux a Isixhobo esinekamva ... nangona indlela izinto eziqhubeka ngayo kubonakala kum ikamva liza kuba ngaphandle kwe-GNU.
@Tina -Ileta yathunyelwa kuluhlu lwe-imeyile olusisiseko, iyaqondwa ngumxholo wayo ukuba ibhekiswe kubo bonke abaphuhlisi abaphambili, okanye ubuncinci yile nto ndiyayiqondayo.
I-Systemd iyagxekwa kuba iqale njengenkqubo yokutshintsha i-init kwaye kufumaniseka ukuba ngoku iyayisebenzisa inethiwekhi kunye ne-dns. Njengokuba usithi awunomdla wokwazi ukuba isebenza njani, ukuba iyakukuchaphazela ukuba uqhubeke njengoko ihamba ... oku kuyakuya kulawulo lwangaphandle kude kwaye kuvunyelwe ngabasebenzisi abangayaziyo ikhukhamba kwaye bacinge ngokungathi benzile.
Ukhuseleko sisiseko se-GNU / Linux, ukhuseleko olungafikeleliyo kulwazi okanye ukuluqhatha, ngaphandle kokuqaphela komsebenzisi (kweyona windows kunye nesitayile se-mac).
Ngaba umntu owaziyo into ngokhuseleko ucinga ntoni ngokujonga inkqubo ayithathayo? isantya sisizathu sokugqwetha ukhuseleko.
Ndidiniwe ukuyithetha, i-logind, i-consolekit, i-policykit, i-selinux, i-multiseat kwaye ngoku i-Trojans yokhuseleko lwangaphakathi i-GNU / Linux ibisoloko inalo, kwiinkampani zangaphandle nakwamanye amazwe ahlawula kakuhle iinkokheli zeeprojekthi ezithile eziphambili ukuya Guqula ukhuseleko lwe-GNU / Linux lube yinto enokusebenziseka… Akukho mntu uyithetha ngoluhlobo, ndinobuganga bokuyithetha ukuze ndibone ukuba bayayifumana kanye.
Eminye imizamo kwelo cala ikwi kde, kdelibs nepomuk strigi ebizwa ngokuba yi-semantic desktop.
Andifuni ukuskena ekuphela kwenkqubo yokusebenza endiyithembayo, kodwa kuyacaca ukuba le nkqubo sele ine-PID 1… kwaye iphazamise iinethiwekhi kunye neelog zenkqubo.
Unokuphikisana ixesha elide kwaye ngokulinganayo kangangeentsuku, kodwa jonga iimpendulo kule imeyile kwaye uyabona ukuba akukho mntu weza kuthi azinasizathu sakuthetha.
@Tina uninzi lwento eyiLinux namhlanje, kungombulelo kwinto yokuba izimvo zikaStallman nabanye abaninzi zilandelwe ngokusondeleyo, abathi bahloniphe isoftware kunye nenkululeko yomsebenzisi yokukhetha into abayifunayo, ngokweemfuno zabo, kwaye Ityala alikho kwinqanaba lomsebenzisi kuphela kodwa nakwiziko, inzululwazi kunye nenqanaba loshishino. Ukunikezela kunye nokuphulukana nale nkululeko ayithethi kuphela ukuba ushiywe ungenakho ukukhetha, iya kuguqula iLinux ibe yinto ekwakukudala isilwa nayo kwasekuqaleni. Ezi projekthi zinje nge-KDE, i-GNOME zixhomekeke kwinkqubo, ziya kwenza izinto zibe nzima ngakumbi kule meko, kwaye ngenxa yendlela yangoku enokwenzeka ukuba oku akuyi kubakho kwaphela, ukwandisa ukuxhomekeka kwenkqubo. Ukunika nje umzekelo, iFreeBSD ifaka i-KDE ngokungagqibekanga, kodwa ukuba i-KDE ixhomekeke kwisistim ukuyenza isebenze kule nkqubo iya kuba yingxaki kuba ikhowudi kuya kufuneka ilandelwe ukuze isebenze, nangona kunjalo uMartin Gräßlin, ndiyakuqinisekisa ukuba izakugcina i-init yakudala ye-KDE yeenkqubo ezisebenzisa i-X11 kuphela, ke oku akuyi kwenzeka ubuncinci okwangoku.
Kwaye okuninzi kweLinux namhlanje -ngaphandle kwe-GNU- kufezekisiwe enkosi kwabo bangayilandelanga imfundiso engqongqo kaStallman: esona sisetyenziswa kakhulu seLinux OS emhlabeni yi-Android kunye ne-GNU ayinanto, ezona distros zidumileyo nezisondele kakhulu umsebenzisi oqhelekileyo njengoBuntu kunye neziphumo ezivela kwiLinux Mint, Elementary kwaye kutsha nje iDainin ngokuzilungelelanisa neemfuno zethu, kuyacaca ukuba ekugqibeleni azisekho i-GNU.
Ndihleli ndisithi, apha nakwezinye iindawo, ndinentlonipho enkulu kwabo bakholelwayo kwaye basebenzise ifilosofi kaStallman, nangona ndingayifumani iluncedo- ubuncinci kum- nangona kunjalo, kufuneka iqondwe ukuba zininzi i-GNU / Abasebenzisi beLinux ukuba sisebenzisa ii-distros zabo ngenxa yezinye izizathu ngaphandle kwenkululeko ekhuthazwa nguDon Richad kwaye eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi "izibilini" zeenkqubo zokusebenza kuba asizizo iinjineli okanye iinjineli zenkqubo. Elo qela-elikhulu okanye elincinci lelona lincinci-lifanelwe yintlonipho, inyani yokuba singazi ukuba iinkqubo azisenzi sibe krelekrele ngakumbi okanye singabi nangqondo ngakumbi kwaye singabinamdla ungako wokuphucula thina njengabantu. Siyayazi into esiyifunayo kwinkqubo yokusebenza-nokuba yi-GNU / Linux, Windows okanye iMacOS-kwaye sinelungelo emhlabeni ukubonisa iingcamango zethu. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iimfuno zam-ezinokuba ziimfuno zabanye abaninzi-zingqubana nenkululeko kaStalin? Inyaniso kukuba andivumelani kakhulu naleyo ukuba asifudumali sonke, emva koko siphosa isitovu emlanjeni.
Masivume ukuba abo basebenzisi ubachazayo abayikhathalelanga inkqubo, phezulu, i-openrc, njl njl njl
Kulungile @ x11tete11x. Xa ndivula iPC yam, ngokungafaniyo noNeo, andiziboni iikhowudi zeMatrix ekubekweni esweni kwam, ngakumbi andazi ukuba ndizitolika njani. Andikhathali nokuba i-OS endiyisebenzisayo ine-SystemD okanye nayiphi na enye into kuba ngeenjongo ezibonakalayo into endiyifunayo kukuba i-OS iyasebenza ... kwaye isebenza kakuhle. Ngaba le nkquboD iya kugqiba ukuba ibe kwindawo yonke kwaye ngaba oko kuthetha ukuphulukana nenkululeko? Jeez, bububhanxa obo!
Le SystemD inzima, ineziphene kwaye abaphuhlisi bayo bayonqena kangangokuba benza izinto ngesiqingatha? URaul utshilo ngokucacileyo ukuba akuyomfuneko ukumkhwaza; Endaweni yokukhalaza, mabazi abo banolwazi ngayo, ukuba banexesha, bancede bayilungise kwaye bayilungise. Ewe, ayisiyiyo le software yasimahla emalunga nayo?
@Tub:
Ukuphinda okwexesha leshumi elinanye endikuthethileyo kumagqabantshintshi angaphambili: funda kuTheo de Raadt, kuba benesibindi sokufaka ifolokhwe kwi-OpenSSL xa wonke umntu ekhalaza.
Anditsho ukuba ukusebenzisa iSystemD ngumbono ombi. Ngapha koko, xa ndisebenzisa iChromium / iChannel / iOpera Blink kanjiniyela kwiLinux, ihlala ithatha iSysVinit kwiDebian unaphakade ukuyicima inkqubo, engaqhelekanga eyenzeka ngeSystemD. Kwakhona, iSystemD, kubonakala ngathi inokubalwa kweentsuku zayo ukuba ifolokhwe (kwaye ngaphezulu kwayo yonke, ngokuphuculwa kunye nokufana ne-OpenRC, iSysVinit kunye nezinto ezinqwenelekayo ukuba zininzi).
Sithandwa sam @ eliotime3000… unyanisile emhlabeni. Nangona ndingasiboni isizathu sokuba kuya kufuneka kwenziwe imfoloko. Wowu, ndiyasiqonda isizathu, kodwa andisiboni isizathu sayo.
@ eliotime3000 into oyithethayo malunga nokuyibamba ndiyayibona inzima ubuncinci kwi-BSD, sele ikwiLinux ngomnye umcimbi, kuba inokwenza inkqubo ekwaziyo ukwenza usetyenziso oluhambelanayo luxhomekeke kwinkqubo kunye ne-init efana ne-OpenRC, ngeendlela maleko ophakathi phakathi kwezicelo ezixhomekeke kwinkqubo kunye nenkqubo ngokwayo. Into enje yayicwangcisiwe nge-OpenRC-settingsd, nangona le projekthi ibonakala ngathi imisiwe ukusukela ngo-2013. Omnye umbuzo ngulo: Ukuba wenza into elolo hlobo, ngaba uLennart uza kwenza kwa into ayenzayo ngoku nge-eudev torpedoing iprojekthi Ngokusa kwi-udev / kdbus kunye nenkqubo yokuqinisa ukudityaniswa kwe-kernel?
@Tina, oyivulayo ikhompyuter yakho kwaye ungayiqondi ikhowudi yematrix ebonakala ngexesha lokuqalisa, ikwenza ube ngumsebenzisi ophakathi weLinux, uninzi lwabasebenzisi * bale nkqubo, abo bavela kumazwe IWindows kunye ne-OS X, zifuna enye indlela, ukuvavanya okanye ukuzama, kwaye babone into kwiLinux ebabambe nje, nokuba siyintoni na eso sizathu, kwaye iyahlonitshwa. Oko kuxoxwa ngako kwaye kungoyena ndoqo wokungqubana phakathi kwepro kunye nokuchasana nenkqubo ubuncinci ekuqondeni kwam, yinto yokuba le init iba luhlobo lweziko lomxhuzulane ekungekho nto inokubaleka kulo, isenza izinto i-init ngokwesiqhelo ayifanele yenza, kwaye ube kukuxhomekeka okunzima kuyo yonke into eyenziwa yiLinux (iidemon, isoftware yolawulo, i-DE). Okokugqibela kuthetha into enye: Iyakusenza sixhomekeke kwisicelo esinokuba neengxaki zoyilo kunye nezokhuseleko (ngoku okanye kwikamva), ngaphandle koko ayamkeli enye into ngaphandle kwendawo yayo (uLennart akasebenzisani kakhulu, Ngokuhlekisa). Zininzi izizathu zokuyiphepha loo nto, kwaye ayithathi nkumbulo ininzi ukuyifumana, imeko ye-OpenSSL kutsha nje, kwaye ngumzekelo ocacileyo wokuba kuxhomekeke kwisoftware ngokwayo ngumbono ombi (i-OpenSSL yeyona software inkulu I-cryptography esetyenziswe phantse kuzo zonke i-distros) kwaye isinika umzekelo ocacileyo wento ethembele ngokungaboniyo kwisoftware enokukuzisa eluntwini nakwabo basebenzisa i-OS. Kwaye zininzi izizathu, kodwa ndiyishiya apha ngokungazandisi.
Ukubulisa 🙂
Ngoku jonga apho aphazamise khona, ewe, ngee-terminals eziphambili ze-VT, kubonakala ngathi ufuna ukuzibuyisela… ..omnye umntu kufuneka ayeke lo mntu uphambili okanye izinto zizokungahambi kakuhle.
IFOMU engxamisekileyo nceda!
Inkqubo ye-216 yeePiles kwizinto ezingaphezulu, iiNjongo zoMsebenzisi oMtsha weSithuba VT
http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTc2Nzk
@ engaziwa kwaye ayipheleli apho ngoku une-DNS Cache. Init yenza ntoni ngenkonzo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ye-DNS? Andinawo nolona luvo lincinci, kodwa * i-monster * iya kuba ne-DNSSEC kunye ne-mDNS inkxaso. Ndiyathemba ukuba ayizukufumana * iplastikhi * kunye nenye idayemon efana nokubopha, ukubopha okanye i-pdnsd.
Inkqubo yesiphelo sendlela inento yokwenza ne-KMSCon (KMS Console), iinzame zokufumana ii-VTs ngaphandle kwendawo yekernel ziye kwindawo yomsebenzisi, kodwa nokulungisa ezinye izinto ezininzi, ngakumbi iMesa, KMS, DRM, kwi Ukongeza ekwenzeni lula ukukhula kernel okuncinci. Umzamo ulungile, kodwa ukumiliselwa kuya kuba yingxaki emva kwethutyana kuba ukuxhomekeka kwe-KMSCon zezi: itafile (libdrm, libgbm, libEGL, libGLESv2), udev (systemd), xproto (ixesha lokuxhomekeka), libxkbcommon, freetype2 kunye ne-glib (inkxaso ye-unicode ), Ngamafutshane, ukanti enye init yokungahambelani nenkqubo.
Kungenxa yokuba isistim kudala yayeka ukuba yi-init kuphela. Init yenye yeenkonzo ezizisayo. Olunye luthotho lweedemon zesekondari (njenge-logind, nayo yonke into ephela ngo-d) ezizinto ezizodwa ezijolise kumsebenzi othile. Kwaye enyanisweni ungasebenzisa isistim ngaphandle koninzi lweedemem zabantwana okanye ubakhubazile. okwenzekayo kukuba ezi demoni, kwiimeko ezininzi, ziyahambelana kuphela nenkqubo kwaye ayinakusetyenziswa ngaphandle kwale (imeko ye-logind evela kwinguqulelo 205) kungenxa yokuba ziyilelwe ukusebenza nayo kuphela. oku kuzisa izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga.
ezintle
-isystemd inemodyuli ephezulu, ungayisebenzisa kuphela ngeenkonzo ozifunayo (enyanisweni le nto isistim isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiinkqubo ezingaphakathi.
-Yenzelwe ukusebenza kuphela kunye nabanye. Inika ithuba lokudityaniswa okungcono kwinkqubo. Ukwenza iskripthi senkqubo ngokusebenzayo kwindalo iphela (le yayiyenye yeengxaki eziphambili ze-sysvinit, izikripthi ezisuka kwenye zazingenakuthunyelwa kwezinye ii-distros, kwakulula ukuyila enye ukusuka ku-0 (kuthethwe ngabaphuhlisi abaninzi be-debian)
-imigangatho: oku kufuneka kuchazwe.
-Ukunciphisa umda ekukhetheni kwakho, ungagcina isiseko esincinci kunye nesicocekileyo sekhowudi, ngaloo ndlela uphucula ukhuseleko (kuba khumbula ukuba inkqubo nganye yenkonzo yidemon eyahlukileyo kwindawo eyahlukileyo yokubini) uninzi lwezona ngxaki zinzima kwezokhuseleko zibangelwa yikhowudi endala phaya ngenxa yokuhambelana ngasemva okanye kuba kufuneka unyamezele ukhetho oluninzi kakhulu.
ngxaki
-Ukungabikho kokuphatheka: njengoko kuyilelwe ukusebenza kuphela ngeziqwenga ezithile zesoftware kwaye akukho enye into, ukuba iimfuno azifezekiswa, izinto azisebenzi okanye zifuna umsebenzi omninzi owongezelelweyo ukuze usebenze.
okokugqibela, ukuxhomekeka kakhulu kuzo zonke iinkqubo akulunganga. sixhomekeke kwiX11 kangangeminyaka engama-20 kwi-linux ye-graphical interface kunye nee-DE. Oku kusizisele iingxaki zokhuseleko kwindalo iphela (iingxaki ze-x11 kwi-debian ziyafana nakwi-arch umzekelo) kodwa isisombululo asikokwenza i-20 iiseva zemizobo eyahlukeneyo, enye kusasazo ngalunye, olunokwenza ukuphuhliswa kwe-linux iphupha eliphambili. Kubonakala kum ngathi izibonelelo "zokumisela ucwangco endlwini" zingcono. Ihlabathi le-linux belicela iminyaka ukuphelisa ukwahlulwahlulwa kunye ne-systemd lelona qhekeza likufutshane lesoftware elizise lo mnqweno mdala
Sawubona,
Ukuba basebenzise inkqubo ngenkqubo andiboni ukuba kutheni izikhalazo ezininzi, bendisebenzisa iGentoo iminyaka, endinike inkululeko yokukhetha izinto ezininzi kwaye ndizilungiselele kwiimfuno zam.
Ndikhumbula ukufuduka kweGentoo yam nge-OpenRC kwaye ukuphuculwa kwesantya sebhuthi kwakumangalisa. Emva koko iSystemD yavela kwaye emva kokulinda ithutyana ukuba izinze kumthi wesango ndaye ndagqiba kwelokuba ndifuduke ndize kuvavanye. Ndiyigcinile nje kuba indinika into endiyifunayo kwilaptop yam, inkqubo ekhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, ewe, ekhawulezayo kune-OpenRC, ngaphandle kokwenza naluphi na utshintsho lwezixhobo!
Awungekhe ube yi-geek kwaye ufuna yonke into ukulinganisa, sisebenzisa iikhompyuter kuba siyazidinga kwaye zihlala zifuna ukuqala ngokukhawuleza, ngokulula nangokufutshane umba lowo.
Ewe, le yi-linux, kuya kuhlala kukho izimvo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinye iindlela kuzo zonke izinto ozithandayo.
Ngaphandle kokugxeka nje ukuthanda ukuba yi-geek kunye nokwenza yonke into kwi-OS yethu, kungcono uchaze izisombululo kunye nezinye iindlela ... uncede abanye abavakalelwa kukuba entsha ayibalungeli ngendlela kunye nabanye abanegalelo ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na into Linux yelizwe!
Nibuliso!
@CarlosMC
... .. kwaye zihlala zifuna ukuqala ngokukhawuleza, ngokulula nangokufutshane umba.
Jonga, andinayo nantoni na ehambayo kwaye ixesha lam lokuphumla lemihla ngemihla lihlala malunga neeyure ezili-14, nge-openrc ithatha malunga nemizuzwana engama-20 ukuya kwi-slim graphical login, kwi-sistemd inokuyenza kwimizuzwana eyi-12 okanye eyi-14, esithetha ngayo Imizuzwana esi-8 malunga neeyure ezili-14. Andifuni santya sokuqalisa, ndifuna ukhuseleko kunye neenkonzo eziphathwe ngesandla ngokulula njengoko bekuhlala kunjalo.
Ukuba i-systemd ibinokufakwa imfoloko, ngelishwa izinto ezininzi kuya kufuneka zilahlwe ngokupheleleyo, njengokusebenzisa uxinzelelo lwefomathi yokubini ... ngokwenene lihlazo ukubona ikhowudi engenamsebenzi.
Okukhona ndifunda ngeSystemD ndiye ndoyike ngakumbi kuyo. Kwimeko apho sele ndiyenzile 'sudo apt-fumana ukufaka sysvinit sysvinit-core sysvinit-utils'.
Umyalezo ungqwabalala, kodwa imvelaphi iyinyani ngokupheleleyo, uninzi lwabadwelisi benkqubo abancedisa ukwenza i-kernel ziinkqubo ezihlawulwa ziinkampani ezinokwenza nantoni na ukufumana imali ethe kratya, kwaye enye yeenkampani ezinobundlongondlongo kule meko yiRed Hat Iinkqubo zayo zibekwe apho ngenjongo zokukhusela kuphela umdla wazo, zenze uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji olwenza ukusetyenziswa kwesoftware yasimahla kungahambelani kwezinye iinkqubo ezinje nge-Unix ezinje ngeenkqubo ze-BSD kunye nezinye.
Ingxaki kukuba ukwenza oku kusetyenziselwa ukungahambelani, benza iitekhnoloji ezinje ngenkqubo eyonakalisayo kwaye iyingozi kwimidla yoluntu, kwaye ngolwandiso nokusasazwa kwabo kuya kubangela ukuba inkqubo iphele ingeyiyo i-Unix-Like, kwaye yeka ukwenza into enye kwaye uyenze kakuhle, ukwenza izinto ezininzi kwaye uzenze ngendlela engalunganga, eya kuthi ikhokelele kwimithombo engapheliyo yeempazamo kunye nokuxhomekeka okungenangqondo ngaphandle kwesizathu ngaphandle kokuthintela ukwanda kwezisombululo zezinye iinkampani, ngamafutshane, enye Ityala elinjengelo le-pulseaudio.
Kwaye ngaphezulu, ngoku ngenkqubo emiselweyo emva kokufaka uhlaziyo kuyakufuneka ukuqala kwakhona inkqubo, enokuncipha kunye nokuncinci yokwenza nefilosofi ye-Unix, kwaye ngokwenza yonke into ixhomekeke kwisistim bathintela i-distro nganye ekusebenziseni ezinye izisombululo ezinjenge-openRC, Init , njl.
Masithembe ukuba iLinus Torvald isenayo into enokuyithetha malunga nenkqubo, isiqwenga sesoftware ngokucacileyo asihambelani nefilosofi ye-Unix okanye isoftware yasimahla.
http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTY1MzA
kwaye ukuba oku kuyimpumelelo, kuya kufuneka siqale ukusebenzisa iinkqubo ze-BSD ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Iya kuba yile linus ayikhathali malunga nefilosofi ye-unix engeyo nkolo. I-linus sele ikuthethile. I-Linux ayithethi ngenkululeko okanye ngefilosofi enexabiso eliphantsi, imalunga nokubonelela ngezisombululo ezifanelekileyo kwiingxaki zokwenyani. Inkqubo isombulula ngokufanelekileyo iingxaki ezikhoyo ngoku kuzo zonke iindlela ezikhoyo.
Ekugqibeleni. Ndiza kuthi loo nkqubo ayihambelani ne-unix ayisiyonyani. Inkqubo ayisiyongqangi yokubamba eyenza yonke into iyodwa. zimbini ezi-systemd, eyokuqala yimbinari ye-init, le incinci kakhulu. eneneni incinci kune-upsart kunye ne-sysvinit. okwesibini yiprojekthi enjalo kwaye zonke iiprojekthi ziphantsi kwesambrela esinye. nganye yezi zizinto ezimbini ezahlukileyo (injalo loo nto, inkqubo nganye yenkqubo yenziwa ngambini eyahlukileyo kwezinye, inikezelwe ekuphatheni kuphela kwaye kuthiwe inkonzo iyodwa hayi enye. Iyabakhathaza abaninzi into yokuba ezi zinto zimbini kunye needememen zinokusetyenziswa kuphela (ezinye, kuba ayizizo zonke) ngaphandle kwenkqubo njengePID 2. ekugqibeleni. Ezi projekthi zithe "zatya" kungenxa yokuba abaqulunqi beziqu zabo bagqibe kwelokuba bajoyine inkululeko yabo. Ndiyathandabuza ulennart ubeke umpu kwiisyslog okanye kwiintloko zabaphuhlisi baka-udev. bona ngokwabo bagqiba ekubeni bajoyine.
Uyitshilo kanye ngala magama… .amen.
Akukho sidingo sokukhathazeka, nabani na onokwenza i-distro esebenzisa i-openrc, akukho mntu uya kukhubeka ... kwaye kwabo bafuna eyabo, sele benayo i-gentoo / funtoo, ndicinga ukuba isabayon kunye ne-slackware nazo zingena.
@iqosweb
ngxaki
-Ukungabikho kokuphatheka: ukuyilwa ukuba isebenze kuphela ngamaqhekeza athile esoftware kwaye akukho nto iyenye, ukuba iimfuno azifezekiswa, izinto azisebenzi okanye zifuna umsebenzi omninzi owongezelelweyo ukuze usebenze.
Ukusilela ngokupheleleyo, kunokuba nazo zonke izibonelelo ozifunayo, kodwa ukuba ekugqibeleni iyahambelana nayo kuphela, inyanzela wonke umntu ukuba ayisebenzise okanye kufuneka aqale ekuqaleni ngokungafuni ukuyisebenzisa ... ukuba ayisiyiyo ukunyanzelwa, yintoni na?
Isikripthi sinokufundwa nangaliphi na iliso lomntu kwaye sitolikwe ngu-bash ... ewe iyacotha ukuyenza, into yokubini ayinakufundwa ngeliso lomntu, kuya kufuneka ufunde ikhowudi yemvelaphi kwaye uyiqokelele ngokwakho ukuze uqiniseke. .. Oko kukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba wazi ukuba ungazifunda njani iincwadi zeempendulo kwi-bashy ngoku kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba ungazicwangcisa njani ngolwimi lwe-C ... okanye ubeke umphefumlo wakho kuLennart.
Ngokubhekisele ekubeni uLennart usebenzisa umpu, andicingi njalo, uyindoda engaphambili yeRedHat ukuqala kwayo kwaye ukuba ikhona into ayisebenzisayo, kuyo nayiphi na imeko kufuneka ibe ziinyanda ezimbalwa zezinto eziluhlaza ... ababulali mntu, kodwa bayakholelwa ekuthathweni kwezigqibo.
Andingomphuhlisi, ndingene nje kwiziko, kodwa ndiyayiqonda into oyithethayo, vula ikhowudi kunye nenkululeko yokufunda kuyo, kwaye ukuyiguqula yinxalenye yalefilosofi "yeNkululeko" ethi isasazeke i-gnu / linux kwaye, ngelishwa; sikhokelo, namhlanje sisilonda esikhulu entliziyweni ye-GNU / LINUX. Ndicinga ukuba, kwabo banemfundo yoqeqesho, akufuneki ibaluleke kangako, kuba kuhlala kunjalo, baya kuba nakho ukwenza ngaphandle kweziphazamiso ezithatha inkqubo kwaye; Yakha eyakho inkqubo ye-gnu / linux, oko kukuthi, yenza inkqubo yakho ye-gnu / linux ukusuka ekuqaleni, ngaphandle kokubhenela kwinkqubo.
I-Archlinux, sebenzisa i-systemd kwaye ndikholelwe ukuba ndiyayisebenzisa kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo isebenza kakuhle, kodwa ngokobuqu ndiza kuzama ukuyishiya ndiye kwi-gentoo kwaye ukusuka apho ukuya kwi-linux ukusuka ekuqaleni.
Ubuncinci baqala ngoqhanqalazo olulungileyo, oluya kuthi kamva lube ligunya leFOMU kwinkqubo.
Iifowuni ezintsha zeQela lokuNkcunkca kwiNkqubo
http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTc3OTM
Kwezi zimvo umntu othile udlulise amakhonkco amabini apho achaza ngokweenkcukacha yoyikiso loyilo (alwaziwa ukuba injongo) yenkqubo.
http://ewontfix.com/14/
http://ewontfix.com/15/
Kwaye phi isihogo uRichard Stallman kunye nezimvo zakhe kwezi zinto?
I-log yokubini, zonke zilawulwa yinkqubo, engamameli kuluntu
Andiyiyo okanye ngokuchasene nenkqubo kodwa NDIMangalisiwe ukuba uRichard Stalman khange athethe lizwi.
Brrrp!
Ndacinga ukuba ndiza kufunda iposti yezobugcisa ngeSpanish.
Phendula nge quote
Inkqubo yimbono elungileyo kakhulu ephumeze ngokungagungqiyo. Inguqulelo 217, esele ikwiArch kwaye kwiminyaka embalwa kwi-Debian-LOL! -Iqulathe amanqaku okhuseleko anokuthi asebenze kuphela kwi-PID1, umzekelo, ukubekwa bucala okupheleleyo kweenkonzo kunye neenkqubo, into engekhoyo i-SELinux okanye enye i-MAC engaze iphuphe ukuyenza ngophumezo ngaphandle kwenkqubo.
Kwicala lam andazi namnye osebenzisa isistim kwaye ufuna ukubuyela kwinkqubo yakudala yokuqalisa kunye noqwalaselo lwenkqubo; Ngapha koko, yonke iarchero endikhe ndadibana nayo ndize ndiphawule ngalo mbandela, kuba sonke sasikade singekho ngenxa ye /etc/rc.conf, iyavuma ukuba i-systemd ayicacanga kwindlela yolawulo yenkqubo kwaye nokuba akunjani kakhulu ngaxesha lithile usenokuyithanda iparadigm yenkonzo yakudala namhlanje AKUKHO CRAZY buyela emva emva kokusebenzisa inkqubo.
Bantu, yekani ukwaphula iibhola zenu, sele iyinyani, ilapha kwaye ukuba aniyithandi, sebenzisa ezinye izinto ezinje ngeDevuan (hahahahahahahahaha) okanye iGentoo, okanye iSlack okanye iManajaro ngoku exhasa i-OpenRC.
Kwaye emva koko, ngelixa ukhotha amanxeba abo usebenzisa nantoni na echasene nenkqubo, jonga kwi-openSUSE, iFedora okanye iArch kwaye ubone ukuba baphulukene kanjani nethemba ngexesha lokuphila inyani engenachronistic, yonke into elula yokulahla oko kubonakala ngathi abazi kwaye gweba ngokwezinye izimvo endaweni yokwenza ezabo.
Damn, ukuba ngaba ii-devs eziphambili zeFreeBSD sele zithetha malunga nokuyila inkqubo efana nenkqubo yokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezintsha ezibonwayo ngokukhawuleza, kubandakanya ukubonwa okukhulu, ubuninzi bezixhobo ezixhumeneyo, ukubakho kwezixhobo zefowuni, ukhuseleko kunye nokwenza lula kwaye ulawulo olulungisiweyo phakathi kwabanye ...
Ngaphambi kokuba uphendule ububhanxa obuzelwe yimvakalelo ebonakalayo, funda lo mbhalo umfutshane wentetho kaLennart yakutshanje malunga neempawu ezintsha zokhuseleko ezixoxwe ngasentla:
Onke amanqaku angena ngaphakathi ngokusebenzisa iiyunithi zenkonzo kwaye enzelwe ukwahlulahlulahlulahlula okanye ukufikelela kumacandelo enkqubo yezixhobo ezinedemem kunye nezinye zisebenzisa indawo yamagama e-kernel:
- ngaseseTmp: nika ethile / tmp kunye / var / tmp yedemon
I-PrivateDevices: yenza i-daemon ethile / i-dev yedemon kunye nayo yonke into eyimfuneko: i-null, engahleliyo, i-urandom, njl. Ngale ndlela uthintela i-daemon ekubeni ibe nokufikelela kwidiski okanye nasiphi na isixhobo esidityanisiweyo (ibhloko okanye uphawu). KUMANGALISA.
I-PrivateNetwork: yenza ujongano olwahlukaniswe ngokupheleleyo kwinto yokwenyani (ukuze ungakwazi ukufikelela kuyo ukusuka kumamkeli okhomba kwi-127.0.0.1). Eyona nto imnandi ngale nto kukuba ungabelana ngegama elifanayo phakathi kweedemoni ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, unokuba neMariaDB edityaniswe kuphela kwinethiwekhi ye-backend eyisebenzisayo kwaye ezi zimbini ziye kwi-Nginx leyo inayo ukufikelela kunxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi.
Inkqubo yabucala: inyathelo elinye ukuya phambili, ukuba uyenza isebenze, ivumela idemon ukuba ifikelele kuphela / njl kunye / / usr (/ usr kwimowudi ye-R / O); ukuba useta igcwele, unokufikelela / njl kuphela kwimowudi ye-R / O
-Ikhaya labucala: ukugqobhoza okungenanto / ikhaya kwindawo yegama le-daemon ukuze ingafikeleli kulwazi lwakho
- ReadOnlyDirectories: njengoko igama layo libonisa ukuba yenza ukuba ezo zikhombisi zifundwe kuphela
- Iinkcukacha ezingenakufikeleleka: njengegama 🙂
-I-MountFlags = ikhoboka: xa uvula naluphi na olu khetho lungentla kwidemon enikiweyo, iimpikiswano ezinyukayo zigutyungelwe ngokuzenzekelayo njengamakhoboka, oko kukuthi, itafile yokuphakamisa ngokubanzi ayitshintshi, kodwa endaweni yoko iiparameter zichaphazela kuphela ukunyusa okwenziwe umtyholi (moi groso!).
Unokusebenzisa olu khetho ume wedwa.
I-CapabilityBoundingSet: iyalela inkqubo ukuze yonke imisonto eyenziweyo ixhomekeke kuyo isebenzise kuphela amandla achazwe ngumlawulihttp://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/capabilities.7.html) kwaye ke ukuthintele ukuba semngciphekweni wokunyuka kwemvume- sexy, huh!? ^ _ ^
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0Bw3eycS9_SPaQnFHZjU5TURxdmc&authuser=0
Umphuhlisi osisiseko weFreeBSD owenza uqikelelo kwiminyaka eli-10 ezayo yenkqubo yokusebenza kunye nokuthetha ngesidingo sokuphumeza isisombululo esifana nenkqubo:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mri66Uz6-8Y
* ukuphosa
Ndingumsebenzisi othembekileyo we-Debian iminyaka kwaye kuyandikhathaza ukubona indlela eyithathayo. Kuphela ngabaphuhlisi abavunyelweyo ukuba bavote, kodwa umsebenzisi wokugqibela akanandlela yimbi ngaphandle kokuyamkela loo nto yesihogo (systemd). Ndiyathemba ukuba iprojekthi ye-devuan iyaqhubeka kwaye ifumana inkxaso eninzi.
Zimbalwa ii-distros ezithembekileyo kwi-SysV njengeGentoo kunye nee-pclinuxos kwaye kunjalo ... i-slackware!
Phendula nge quote
Ndicinga ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba kwabo benza imali ngeLinux, le nkqubo yiminyaka elula ukusuka kwiWindows nakwiMac kwaye ke yiyo yonke inkqubo yeebhuljobs, iikiti kunye neenkuku. Ndiyabonisa ukuba kwiminyaka engaphantsi kwe-8, uNod, Avast, Kaspr kunye nabo bonke abo baya kungena kwihlabathi leLinux, kunye nazo zonke iintsholongwane zabo. Lishishini kwaye apha ayizukuphelisa thixo. Yonke imihla umsebenzisi weLinux? umqhagi uza paca ndifuna imali yakho. Ngelishwa kunjalo. Ngoku babeka nje incam kunye neVaseline .. linda iminyaka embalwa uzobona hahaha
Ndicinga ukuba le nto ithethwa ngumbhali wencwadi bubudenge Ngelixa kukho inkcaso eyahlukeneyo kwinkqubo, nanini na kukho utshintsho olukhulu, bekukho inkcaso enkulu.
Kwakhona, ukuba ngumsebenzisi we-debian (nam ndinjalo) akubonakali ngathi sisichaso esifanelekileyo kum. Ukuba awubathandi bathathe isigqibo sezinto kuwe, sebenzisa nje i-distro enzima kwaye uqokelele yonke into ngesandla, kubandakanya inkqubo yokuqalisa.
Awunakho ukubanga ukuba unazo zonke izibonelelo zokuqhuba ngokufanelekileyo okusombulula konke ukuxhomekeka, ngaphandle koncedo.
Kumsebenzisi we-slack okanye i-gentoo, ngekhe kwenzeke ukuba, "oops ... ndihlaziye kwaye kukho izinto endingazithandiyo." Kuba ukuvuselela inkqubo ngesandla, kuya kufuneka uchithe iiyure ezininzi ubukele okwenzayo.
Ndiyaxolisa ukuba abaphuhlisi be-distro oyithandayo benze into ongayithandiyo. Ndinombono, kutheni ungenzi ngokufana neLinus kwaye wakhe i-OS eyahlukileyo?
Molo, ndimtsha kakhulu kwi-linux kwaye inyani kukuba eli nqaku libonakala lisoyikisa kwaye alikhululwanga. Mna, owayedibene noDebian ngayo yonke into engekhoyo kuthethwa sisoftware yasimahla (inkululeko, uncedo olungenakucikideka kubo bonke abayifunayo, simahla, lula) ngamafutshane, oko kwabonakala kum njengendlela yokuqonda ikhompyutha emnandi kunye elungileyo (kwaye ndicinga njani ikhompyuter kufuneka ibe kwasekuqaleni). Ngapha koko ndaye ndaphela kule webhusayithi kuba bendiqala ukubhala uxwebhu kwi-Debian ukuze ndifunde indlela yokuphatha kunye nokwenza izinto ngokwam, ndiyaqonda ukuba yonke into endifuna ukujolisa kuyo iyanyamalala.
Kuya kufuneka senze isahlulelo esitsha eDevuan, masibone ukuba ihamba njani ...
Enkosi ngeli nqaku.
Ndiyabulisa, Jorge.
Nokuba yeyiphi indlela, ixesha liya kungqina ukuba ngubani na onelungelo.
Into esinokuyenza njengabasebenzisi kukuzama ezinye iindlela kwaye siyathemba ukuba yeyiphi eya kuthi ibengcono.
Ngokubhekisele kuDevuan, ndingathanda ukuyivavanya, kodwa okwangoku ikuluhlobo lwayo lovavanyo. Ngokukhawuleza xa ingxelo ezinzileyo iphuma ukuza kubona ukuba ndiyazama, ukubona ukuba injani.
Kuyamangalisa ukuba ufunde ngesihloko esingaqhelekanga kwaye uvumelane ngayo yonke into. Kutshanje ndifake uDebian Jessie, sele ndifanele ukufomatha amaxesha ama-2 okweenkqubo ezipheleleyo kuhlaziyo olulula. Ndazibuza ukuba ingaba le nto yenzeke njani kum kwaye ngequbuliso yonke into yaqala ukuba mandundu. Ndisebenzisa i-wheezy kwaye okoko i-Debian jessie cd ikhuphele iphepha (nokuba lirekhoda kwi-dvd okanye kwi-pendrive) ayisebenzi kum, ndifaka i-wheezy kunye nohlaziyo. Kuba kuthatha ixesha ukwenza izinto phantsi, ayisiyonto ndiyenza kwangoko ndisebenzisa uGroezy kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kwaye ndaqaphela umohluko ekusebenzeni noJessie endingakhange ndiqaphele kuhlaziyo lwangaphambili. Ngokufunda ngengozi elinye inqaku ndaye ndafumanisa ngenkqubo kwaye ndaqonda ukuba yayingeyiyo paranoia engeyiyo endinokuyibona noJessie (imvakalelo yokuba kukungazinzi kweefestile).
Enkosi ngenqaku lakho kunye namanye endiwafundileyo andazisile ngesi sihloko, ndithathe isigqibo sokutshintsha ukuhambisa kwam.