Kwi-Debian babeka ukuvota umba wokubonelela nge-firmware yobunikazi
Ekupheleni kuka-Epreli walo nyaka, sabelana apha kwibhlog iindaba malunga nenyathelo lokucinga ngokutsha Isimo sengqondo sikaDebian malunga nokuthumela i-firmware yobunikazi kwaye ngoku, kwiiveki ezimbalwa kamva iprojekthi yeDebian ibhengeze ivoti yesisombululo jikelele (GR) ngabaphuhlisi beprojekthi kumxholo othi nika i-firmware yobunini njengenxalenye ye imifanekiso yokuhlohla esemthethweni kunye neengqungquthela eziphilayo.
Isigaba sengxoxo samanqaku afakwe kwivoti iya kuhlala kude kube nge-2 Septemba, emva koko kuya kuqaliswa ukuqokelelwa kwevoti. Kukho malunga ne-1000 abaphuhlisi ababandakanyekayo ekugcineni ukuvota iipakethe zeDebian kunye neziseko zophuhliso.
Kungekudala, abavelisi be-hardware baye baphendukela ekusebenziseni i-firmware yangaphandle elayishwe yinkqubo yokusebenza, kunokubonelela nge-firmware kwimemori esisigxina yezixhobo ngokwazo. Le firmware yangaphandle ifunwa yimizobo emininzi yangoku, isandi, kunye neeadaptha zenethiwekhi.
Kwangaxeshanye, umbuzo wokuba ulungiselelo lwe-firmware yobunikazi luhambelana njani nemfuno yokuthumela isoftware yasimahla kwi-Debian core builds ayicacanga, kuba i-firmware isebenza kwizixhobo zehardware, hayi inkqubo, kwaye ibhekisa kwihardware.
Iikhompyuter zanamhlanje, zixhotyiswe nkqu nokuhanjiswa kwasimahla, sebenzisa i-firmware eyakhelweyo kwi-hardware. Ukwahlukana kuphela kukuba enye i-firmware ilayishwe yinkqubo yokusebenza, ngelixa ezinye sele zifakwe kwi-ROM okanye kwimemori yeFlash.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-firmware ye-proprietary ayifakwanga kwimifanekiso esemthethweni yokufakela i-Debian kwaye ithunyelwe kwindawo eyahlukileyo engekho simahla.
Ufakelo lwakha nge-firmware yobunikazi banesimo esingekho semthethweni kwaye zabiwa ngokwahlukeneyo, ebangela ukubhideka kwaye idala ubunzima kubasebenzisi, ekubeni kwiimeko ezininzi ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kwezixhobo zanamhlanje kunokufumaneka kuphela emva kokufaka i-firmware yobunikazi. Ukulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa kolwakhiwo olungekho semthethweni kunye ne-firmware yobunikazi kulawulwa yiprojekthi ye-Debian, efuna inkcitho eyongezelelweyo yezixhobo zokudala, ukuvavanya, kunye nokusingatha izakhiwo ezingekho semthethweni eziphindaphinda ezisemthethweni.
Kuye kwavela imeko apho ukwakhiwa ngokungekho semthethweni kukhethwa ngakumbi kumsebenzisi ukuba bafuna ukufumana inkxaso eqhelekileyo kwikhompyuter yabo, kwaye ukufakela ulwakhiwo olusemthethweni olucetyiswayo kudla ngokubangela iingxaki zenkxaso yehardware.
Kwakhona, Ukusebenzisa ulwakhiwo olungekho semthethweni kuphazamisana neyona nto ilungileyo yokubonelela ngesoftware evulelekileyo kuphela kwaye ngokungazi kukhokelela ekwandiseni isoftware yobunini, ekubeni umsebenzisi, kunye ne-firmware, naye ufumana indawo yokugcina engasimahla eqhagamshelwe kwezinye ezingezizo. isoftware.
Ukusombulula ingxaki yokuvula indawo yokugcina engasimahla kubasebenzisi kwimeko yokusebenzisa i-firmware engekho simahla, Kucetywayo ukwahlula i-firmware yobunikazi kwindawo yokugcina yasimahla kwicandelo elahlukileyo le-firmware elingeyosimahla kwaye liyithumele ngokwahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokufuna usetyenziso logcino olungasimahla. Ngokumalunga nokubonelelwa kwe-firmware yobunini kwiindibano zofakelo, iinketho ezintathu zotshintsho zivotelwa:
- Bandakanya iipakethe ze-firmware ezingahlawulelwayo kumajelo ofakelo asemthethweni. Umfanekiso omtsha wofakelo oquka i-firmware engekho simahla uya kuthunyelwa endaweni yomfanekiso oqulethe isoftware yasimahla kuphela. Ukuba une-hardware efuna i-firmware yangaphandle, usebenzisa i-firmware efunekayo yobunini iya kwenziwa ngokungagqibekanga. Ngexesha elifanayo, kwinqanaba le-boot, isicwangciso siya kongezwa esiza kukuvumela ukuba ukhubaze ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa kwe-firmware engekho simahla. Ukuze umsebenzisi enze isigqibo esinolwazi, i-installer iya kwahlula ngokucacileyo i-firmware yamahhala kunye ne-non-free, kwaye ibonise ulwazi malunga noluphi uhlobo lwe-firmware oluya kulayishwa. Emva kofakelo kwisixokelelwano, kucetywa ngokungagqibekanga ukongeza indawo yokugcina i-firmware engekho simahla kwifayile yemithombo.list.
- Lungiselela umfanekiso wofakelo kunye ne-firmware engekho simahla njengoko ichazwe kwinqaku 1, kodwa uyithumele ngokwahlukileyo kwaye hayi endaweni yomfanekiso oqulethe isoftware yasimahla kuphela. Kucetywa ukuba wenze umfanekiso omtsha wofakelo olusemthethweni nge-firmware engeyiyo yasimahla, kodwa uqhubeke nokuthumela inguqulelo endala yomfanekiso osemthethweni ongaquki i-firmware yobunikazi. Ukwenza kube lula ukuba abaqalayo bafumane, umfanekiso kunye ne-firmware iya kuboniswa kwindawo evelele ngakumbi. Umfanekiso ngaphandle kwe-firmware uya kunikwa kwiphepha elifanayo kunye nokukhutshelwa, kodwa ngokubaluleka okuphantsi.
- Vumela iprojekthi yeDebian ukuba yenze umfanekiso wofakelo owahlukileyo obandakanya iipakethe ezivela kwicandelo elingasimahla, eliya kufumaneka ukuze likhutshelwe ukongeza kumfanekiso wofakelo oqulathe kuphela isoftwe yasimahla. Ukukhuphela kuya kuququzelelwa ngendlela yokuba umsebenzisi aziswe ngaphambi kokuba ukhuphelo luqale ukuba yeyiphi imifanekiso equlethe isoftware yasimahla kuphela.
Okokugqibela, ukuba unomdla wokwazi okungakumbi ngayo, ungajonga iinkcukacha kwi eli khonkco lilandelayo.