Umthombo ovulekile ubonakala ufana nomsebenzi wamahhala, yilokhu abakuvezile iningi onjiniyela kunhlolovo yakamuva ye-Digital Ocean. Kuyo usitshela ukuthi abathuthukisi babona kufanele ukuthi banxeshezelwe ngeminikelo yabo, okokuqala kusuka ezinkampanini ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe.
Ucwaningo lususelwa empendulweni evela kubathuthukisi be-4.440 ubambe iqhaza kumaphrojekthi womthombo ovulekile eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu, kanye nase-Asia-Pacific. Abangaphezu kwengxenye yalabo okwaxoxwa nabo bakholelwa ukuthi kufanele ikhokhwe ababekhona ukufaka isandla kumaphrojekthi wemithombo evulekile (54%), ngenkathi cishe ingxenye yesithathu inganqunywa futhi ngu-12% kuphela wabaphenduli abaphikisana nokukhokhela abantu ngeminikelo yabo.
Odabeni lokuthi ngubani okufanele akhokhelwe, lo mbiko uveza uqhekeko phakathi kwabaphendulile.
Ama-35% akholelwa ukuthi abanakekeli kufanele bakhokhelwe, Ama-30% akholelwa ukuthi abanikeli kufanele bakhokhelwe kanti ama-25% akholelwa ukuthi ababhali kufanele bakhokhelwe ngomsebenzi wabo.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi, izizukulwane ezisencane zisekela kakhulu iminikelo ekhokhwayo ukuvula umthombo kunontanga yabo abadala. Ama-60% wabaphenduli abaneminyaka eyi-18-24 bakholelwa ukuthi abantu kufanele banxeshezelwe ngeminikelo yabo kumthombo ovulekile, kuyilapho kuphela ama-53% alabo abaneminyaka engama-25-34, ama-51% alabo abaneminyaka engama-35-44, ama-42% alabo abaneminyaka engama-45 kuya kwengama-54 kanye angama-34% kuphela alabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-55 abavumayo.
Abaphenduli baphinde babuzwa ukuthi ngubani okufanele axhase lezi zinkokhelo. Cishe uhhafu walabo okwaxoxwa nabo bacabanga ukuthi izinkampani zobuchwepheshe kufanele zixhase ukukhokhela iminikelo yomthombo ovulekile, kanti ikota licabanga ukuthi abanikazi bephrojekthi noma abantu kufanele bakhokhe.
Endaweni ebhebhezelwa yiminikelo ekhulula 'umholo' wabanakekeli, u-Andre Staltz uphawula ukuthi “Iningi lama-80% wemiklamo yemithombo evulekile ethathwa njengesimeme empeleni ithola imali engenayo ngaphansi kwamazinga embonini noma ngisho nangaphansi kobuphofu. Ezibalweni, umsunguli wenethiwekhi yokuxhumana nomphakathi uManyverse ubuyekeze amaphrojekthi angama-58 athandwa kakhulu kunkundla ye-OpenCollective, ukukhetha obekufanelekile ngokutholakala kwedatha yezezimali yamaphrojekthi abhalwe lapho.
“Amaprojekthi angaphezu kuka-50% abhalwe okubomvu: yilawo angakwazi ukunikeza usizo oludingekayo kulabo abawenza angaphansi kobuphofu. Ama-31% wamaphrojekthi amakwe ngombala osawolintshi futhi aqukethe onjiniyela abalungele ukusebenzela umholo ongathathwa njengongamukeleki embonini yethu. U-12% umakwe ngokuluhlaza kanti u-3% kuphela omakwe ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: I-Webpack neVue.js. Imali engenayo yeGitHub ngenkanyezi ngayinye - amaphrojekthi azinzile ngokuvamile anemali engaphezu kwe- $ 2 ngenkanyezi ngayinye Noma kunjalo, inani eliphakathi nendawo lingu- $ 1,22 ngenkanyezi ngayinye. Usayizi wethimba nawo ubalulekile ekusimameni: lapho iqembu lilincane, maningi amathuba okuthi lisekele abalondolozi balo. Umnikelo ojwayelekile ngonyaka ngu- $ 217, okuyinto enkulu lapho
UStaltz ukholelwa ukuthi enye yezinkinga umthombo ovulekile wukuthi “lawa maphrojekthi izinkampani eziningi ezincike kuwo adinga iminikelo futhi awatholi ngokwanele.
“Kusukela ekuqaleni, kufanele wethule iphrojekthi ngaphansi kwelayisense eliqinile le-copyleft. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele uqale umkhankaso wokuthola imali ngobuningi ukuze uguqule ilayisense yephrojekthi ibe ngeyokuvumela uma sekukhona imali eyanele ”, uphakamisa njengemodeli yezimali yamaphrojekthi womthombo ovulekile.
Yize ukubamba iqhaza komthombo ovulekile kwehlile ngo-2020 ngokocwaningo lweDijithali Ocean, ama-63% alabo ababambe iqhaza ngenkuthalo babika ukwanda komsebenzi wabo.
Lokhu kungenxa yezici ezintathu: ama-29% athi abe nesikhathi esithe xaxa esikhululekile, ama-28% afuna ukusebenzisa lesi sikhathi ukufunda futhi ama-15% asamile ekutheni bafake isandla entweni esondele enhliziyweni yabo.
Umthombo: https://www.digitalocean.com
Ngokuphathelene nezingqinamba ezimbili ezibalulekile ze-athikili, ngingaphawula kulokhu okulandelayo:
1.- Kubalulekile ukuthi bonke abantu ababambe iqhaza kumthombo ovulekile namaphrojekthi "wokufinyelela mahhala" baklonyeliswe futhi / noma bathole ibhonasi ngeminikelo yabo kuleyo misebenzi.
2.- Kodwa-ke, uma kukhulunywa ngokuthatha isinqumo sokuthi ngubani ozothumela iminikelo, umuntu ubhekana nale nkinga elandelayo yokuziphatha - engabonakala ku-Case Study:
Ake sithi sisebenzisa i-GNU / Linux, iLinux Mint, i-Apache Open Office, i-GNU Radio, iJupyter nePython ukukhuthaza -iNyuvesi Yomphakathi- ukusetshenziswa kwe-Open Source Technology kanye nezinzuzo zayo eziningi kwiNqubo YokuFunda nokuFunda yeNdawo Yezokuxhumana. Ngeza kulokhu kucabanga ukuthi iphrojekthi entula ukuxhaswa kwezikhungo kanye / noma nohulumeni. Kukhona i-FE eyimpumputhe kuphela nezinsizakusebenza ezimbalwa zeqembu elincane lothisha (okungenani ababili) abazama ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwalobu buchwepheshe phakathi kwabafundi babo; Yilezo eziyo - esikhathini esiphakathi nendawo- zizohlanganiswa neMakethe Yezabasebenzi.
Zithini-ke izinkinga ababhekene nazo othisha nabafundi?
1.- Shiya izinto zinjengoba zinjalo futhi ugweme izindinganiso zokufunda zabalingisi abanjalo kanye nemali nezindleko zesikhathi okushiwo yi-Teaching-Learning Technology Change.
2.- Khokha "imali ekhokhelwayo" (ngesikhathi, umzamo kanye nekhanda) ngokungafuneki efunwa yi-Open Source Technology; futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, ukwenza bobabili njengabagqugquzeli beMovement nokusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi Ulwazi luphakathi kokuFinyelelwa Kubo Bonke labo abafuna kanye / noma abadinga ukukhuthaza amakhono abo okuzifundela nawomsebenzi.
Kulapho kwamukelwa umugqa wesibili wesenzo lapho kuvela khona inkinga yokuziphatha ehambisana nalowo obandakanyeka esinqumweni sokuqala:
UMA NGINENHLANGANO EVELELWE YEMALI (Yebo, kusuka emholweni kathisha wesifundo, kufanele kongiwe ukuxhasa ozakwabo abathintekayo nokuzama ukusinikeza Imikhiqizo / Izinsizakalo zekhwalithi eveza ukunyakaza koMthombo Ovulekile) kepha ngisebenzisa Imikhiqizo / Izinsizakalo zale Miphakathi elandelayo:
1.-GNU / Linux.
Umsakazo we-2.-GNU.
3.-Python.
4.-Jupyter.
5.-I-Apache Open Office.
I-6.-Linux Mint.
7.-ALSA.
NGIFIKELA kubani insiza evame ukulinganiselwa kakhulu? Ingabe ikhona indlela lapho - uma umuntu onjengalowo osayine ngezansi - avume ngokwethembeka ngaphambi kwe-FSF ukuthi imikhiqizo ethile isetshenzisiwe, kwenziwa idiphozi eyodwa YODWA futhi lapho kusatshalaliswa ngokulingana phakathi kwemiphakathi?
Yebo, njengoba ngiyiqonda, ukuze ngisebenzise i-Linux Mint, okungenani imiphakathi emine kufanele yenze umsebenzi wayo: i-GNU / Linux, i-Debian, i-Ubuntu ne-Linux Mint futhi kukhona nenye inkinga yokuziphatha ethi: Ngubani kulaba owenza umsebenzi omningi?
Ekugcineni, nangaphandle kokuzenza ngofakazela ukungabi khona kwemali ekhokhwayo ngalowo osayine ngezansi, NJENGOMTHETHO WOKHOLO OLUYIMPUMPUTHE, ngicabanga ukuthi KUQALA kulula ukuveza isidingo seTekhnoloji futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi umphakathi omkhulu oxhunyaniswe nenhlangano evulekile yomthombo bakwazi ukufinyelela ezinzuzweni ezinkulu kozakwethu ababelana nathi: INHLIZIYO, UKHOLO, ulwazi, umzamo, isikhathi nengxenye yemali yabo (ngoba Umsebenzi WENZIWE NGENJABULO, Mahhala nangokuzidela,…,…, KUNGENANI MAHHALA!, …, Futhi akekho noyedwa umuntu onamandla okukukhokhela!
Iziphetho:
1.- Kufanele sikhokhe INDLELA YOKHOLO LWAKHO EMphakathini Wezintshisakalo ozosedlula njengabantu ngabanye, kungaba okwesikhashana noma ukunikela enhlalakahleni yabantu.
2.- Imikhiqizo Nemisebenzi abayinikezayo kufanele ithuthukiswe eMphakathini lapho sisebenza khona, kokubili i-FSF kanye nokunyakaza kwe-Open Source phakathi kwezizukulwane ezintsha: kunabasebenzisi abaningi njengoba kukhona Abathuthukisi beSoftware, Imibhalo, Izinsizakalo, njll. Amandla okufanele sikhumbule uLeonard da Vinci kuphela: «Oh! UNkulunkulu nawe osinika konke ngomzamo owodwa nje! "
3.- Kungaba yini ngoMphakathi we-GNU / Linux uma abagqugquzeli bokuqala bale nhlangano bebeqale babona ukuthi bakhokhelwa malini bese beyosebenza?
4.- Bekuzoba yini kuBuntu uma uPascal, Leibnitz, uGauss, uFourier, uNewton, uPlanck, uDe Broglie,…,…, nabanye abaningi BENQABILE ukufinyelela kwethu kumkhiqizo womzamo wabo, ukuzinikela futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ku-THE IZinga LOMSEBENZI WABO, okwakungathi ngaleso sikhathi KWAKUNGALINGANISEKI UKUTHI LIKHOKHELWE NOMA NGOKWESIKO KANYE NEZINZUZO ABAZOZENZA / bazikhiqize eminyakeni engama-200 kamuva BABONWA?
5. - Ngibonga kusengaphambili BONKE BAKHOLEKI abanikela ngemizamo yabo, ukuzinikela nokuzinikela ekwakheni nasekukhuliseni lo Mphakathi Omkhulu Wezintshisekelo Nezinhloso Ezihlangene,…,…, NGIKHOLWA NGOKUQINISEKILE UKUTHI AKUKHO MNIKELO - omncane kanye / noma imali - ongakhokha ikhwalithi yomsebenzi abahlanganyela nathi ngemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo zabo. Umnikelo wami kuphela futhi onesizotha ekuhlanganyeleni wukuqhubeka nokukhuthaza le Philosophy kanye ne-Practice of Life phakathi kwezizukulwane ezintsha, Ukwandisa Izidingo (Abathengi Abangaba khona) futhi ngale ndlela sithuthukise Izinzuzo Ozakwethu abangazithola, ..., ... , ngoba ekugcineni,…,…, Konke kuhlala lapha! futhi siyingxenye yoMsebenzi osidlula okwesikhashana nangayedwa.
Atte. UJR López-Miranda (eMexico).
I-2 Ngo-Mashi we-2021