I-Intel yethulwe Zimbalwa izinsuku ezedlule imephu yakho yemigwaqo yeminyaka emine ezayo, lapho ibalula khona lokho yenza ama-chips asuselwa kunqubo yenqubo ye-7nm, 4nm kanye ne-3nmNgaphezu kwalokho, ngo-2024 izokwethula ubuchwepheshe bayo obusha bokukhiqiza i-chip "I0ntel 20A" (20 Angstroms), okufanele babuvumele bufinyelele futhi buvuselele ubuholi.
Ngayo I-Intel yaqhubeka nokuhlasela ngokwengeza izenzo zayo ukubamba izimbangi zeminyaka emine ezayo, lokhu ngemuva kokumemezela ehlobo eledlule ukuthi ngeke izenzele ama-chips ayo angama-7nm ngenxa yobunzima bokusebenza, kepha lokho kwashintsha, njengoba i-Intel ekugcineni ithathe izintambo futhi futhi izinyanga ezithintekayo (ekupheleni kuka unyaka ama-chips okuqala kufanele aqale ukulethwa kwikota yokuqala ka-2022).
Eqinisweni, I-Intel iqale yamemezela ukuthi izoshintsha uhlelo lwayo lokuqamba amagama ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-chip. Manje izosebenzisa amagama amafushane ukuhambisana nendlela i-TSMC ne-Samsung abathengisa ngayo ubuchwepheshe babo be-semiconductor, lapho okuncane kungcono.
Njengengxenye yokungena kwayo emakethe yokukhiqiza, i-Intel ilahla amagama afana ne- "Intel 10nm Enhanced Super Fine" futhi manje kukhulunywa ukuthi yabiza abaprosesa bayo abanjengo "Intel 7".
Amaprosesa amasha enziwe nge-Intel kulindeleke ukuthi abe nobukhulu obufana ne-TSMC nama-node angama-7nm akwaSamsung futhi azolungela ukukhiqizwa ku-Q2022 5. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ama-OEMs TSMC aseTaiwan kanye nabakwaSouth Korea bakwaSamsung baletha imikhiqizo eqoshwe ngo-XNUMXnm.
Imephu yomgwaqo ka-Intel ichaza ngokuningiliziwe inkathi ye-post-nanometric ebizwa nge- "Angström" eraNgokwendlela yomgwaqo ye-Intel, izoqala ukukhiqiza indawo yenqubo ye- "Intel 20A" (20 Angstroms) ngo-2024 futhi, ekuqaleni kuka-2025, izosebenza kulowo ozomlandela, okungukuthi, i "Intel 18A" node.
Ukushintshwa kwegama kube yi- "Intel 20A" esikhundleni se- "2nm" kubonakala kungenxa yokuthi iqiniso lokuthi le node yekhompiyutha izofaka phakathi izinguquko ezinkulu zokwakha ama-Intel chips. Empeleni, sekuyiminyaka inkampani isebenzisa ama-FinFET transistors, kepha kwi-Intel 20A, izoshintshela ku-GAA (gate-round-round) design eyibiza nge- "RibbonFET."
Imiklamo ye-GAA ivumela abenzi be-chip ukuba babeke iziteshi eziningi ngaphezulu komunye nomunye, okwenza umthamo wamanje ube yinkinga mpo futhi kwandise ukuminyana kwe-chip. I-Intel 20A izophinde isuselwe ku- "PowerVias," indlela entsha yokuklama i-chip ezobeka ukunikezwa kwamandla ngemuva kwe-chip.
Ekugcineni, yamaprosesa eyenzile ibalula okulandelayo:
- I-Intel 7: inikeza ukukhuphuka okucishe kube ngu-10-15% ekusebenzeni nge-watt ngayinye kuqhathaniswa ne- "Intel 10nm SuperFin", ngenxa yokwenziwa kahle kwama-transistor we-FinFET. I- "Intel 7" izobe ikhona emikhiqizweni efana ne-Alder Lake yekhasimende ngo-2021 kanye ne-Sapphire Rapids yesikhungo sedatha, okulindeleke ukuthi sibe semikhiqizweni kwikota yokuqala ka-2022.
- I-Intel 4: isebenzisa i-EUV lithography ukuphrinta izici ezincane ezinokukhanya okuncane kakhulu kwe-wavelength. Ngokukhuphuka cishe okungama-20% kokusebenza kwe-watt ngayinye, kanye nokuthuthuka kokunyathelwayo, i-Intel 4 izolungela ukungena ekukhiqizeni engxenyeni yesibili ka-2022 yemikhiqizo ethunyelwe ku-2023, kufaka phakathi iMeteor Lake yamakhasimende kanye neGranite Rapids yedatha isikhungo.
- I-Intel 3: Kusebenzisa ukusizakala okusha kwe-FinFET nokwanda kwe-EUV ukuletha cishe ukwanda okungu-18% kokusebenza nge-watt ngayinye phezu kwe-Intel 4, kanye nokuthuthuka okwengeziwe kwendawo. I-Intel 3 izotholakala kwimikhiqizo yenkampani engxenyeni yesibili ka-2023.
- I-Intel 18A: Ngaphandle kwe-Intel 20A, i-Intel 18A isivele iyathuthukiswa ekuqaleni kuka-2025, ngokuthuthuka okwenziwe kwiRibbonFET. I-Intel iphinde isebenze ekwakheni uhlelo oluphezulu lokuvula amanani (i-NA ephezulu) i-EUV. Le nkampani ithi iyakwazi ukuthola ithuluzi lokukhiqiza elinezibalo eliphakeme lokuqala lemboni le-EUV.
I-Intel kulindeleke ukuthi yenze ama-chips weQualcomm, i-Amazon, nabanye ngokuzayo.
Umthombo: https://www.intel.com