I-LTE ihogela ithuluzi elingathwebula kancane ithrafikhi ye-LTE
Zimbalwa izinsuku ezedlule, abacwaningi evela eKorea Institute of Advanced Technology umemezele ukukhishwa kwethuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi “LTESniffer” okungumthombo ovulekile futhi ovumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baqaphe amanethiwekhi e-LTE futhi bahlaziye ithrafikhi. I-LTESniffer i yakhelwe ukusebenza ngamadivaysi ahlukahlukene e-LTE, okuhlanganisa ama-smartphone, amaphilisi, namamodemu, futhi angasetshenziswa ukuze athwebule futhi ahlaziye idatha esakazwa ngamanethiwekhi e-LTE.
I-LTE (I-Long-Term Evolution) iyindinganiso yokuxhumana okungenantambo ye-broadband esetshenziswa kakhulu kumanethiwekhi eselula emhlabeni jikelele. Amanethiwekhi e-LTE aklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokudluliswa kwedatha okusheshayo nokuthembekile, kodwa awagonyiwe ezinsongweni zokuphepha.
Enye yezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha ezihlotshaniswa namanethiwekhi e-LTE ukulalela. Ukulalela i-LTE kubhekisela ekungeneni nasekuhlaziyweni kwedatha edluliselwa ngamanethiwekhi e-LTE ngaphandle kolwazi noma imvume yabathintekayo.
Mayelana ne-LTESniffer
I-LTESniffer, ikuvumela ukuthi uhlele kancane (ngaphandle kokuthumela amasignali emoyeni) ukulalela nokuvimba ithrafikhi phakathi kwesiteshi esiyisisekelo kanye nomakhalekhukhwini kumanethiwekhi e-4G LTE, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezinsiza zokuhlela ukuhlangana kwethrafikhi nokusebenzisa i-API yokusebenzisa ukusebenza kwe-LTESniffer ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zezinkampani zangaphandle.
Esinye sezici ukhiye we-ltesniffer ikhono layo lokuthwebula kanye nokukhipha amakhodi imilayezo yendiza yokulawula ye-LTE. Amadivayisi e-LTE asebenzisa le milayezo ukuze asungule futhi agcine uxhumo kunethiwekhi futhi aqukethe ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nedivayisi nenethiwekhi. Ngokuthwebula nokuhlaziya le milayezo, i-LTESniffer inganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokusebenza kwamanethiwekhi e-LTE nokuziphatha kwamadivayisi e-LTE.
I-LTESniffer inikeza ukuqoshwa kwe-PDCCH yesiteshi esingokoqobo (I-Physical Downlink Control Channel) ye thola ulwazi mayelana nethrafikhi yesiteshi esiyisisekelo (I-DCI, Ulwazi Lokulawula I-Downlink) nezihlonzi zenethiwekhi zesikhashana (i-RNTI, Isihlonzi Sesikhashana Se-Radio Network).
Incazelo ye-DCI ne-RNTI iphinde ivumele ukuqoshwa kwedatha evela eziteshini ze-PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) kanye ne-PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) ukuze uthole ukufinyelela kuthrafikhi engenayo nephumayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-LTESniffer ayikhiphi imilayezo ebethelwe edluliswa phakathi kweselula nesiteshi esiyisisekelo, kodwa inikeza ukufinyelela kuphela olwazini oludluliswa ngombhalo ocacile. Isibonelo, imilayezo ethunyelwa isiteshi esiyisisekelo kumodi yokusakaza kanye nemilayezo yokuqala yokuxhumana idluliswa ngaphandle kokubethela, okukuvumela ukuthi uqoqe ulwazi mayelana nokuthi iyiphi inombolo.
Of izici ezigqamayo ku-LTESniffer, okulandelayo kuyashiwo:
- Ukukhipha amakhodi kwesikhathi sangempela kwamashaneli okulawula e-LTE aphumayo nangenayo
- Usekelo lwezicaciso ze-LTE Advanced (4G) ne-LTE Advanced Pro (5G, 256-QAM).
- Usekelo lwefomethi ye-DCI
- Ukusekelwa kwamamodi okudlulisa idatha: 1, 2, 3, 4.
- Ukusekela iziteshi ze-frequency division duplex (FDD).
- Ukusekelwa kweziteshi eziyisisekelo ezisebenzisa amafrikhwensi afika ku-20 MHz.
- Ukutholwa okuzenzakalelayo kwezikimu zokuguquguquka ezisetshenziselwa idatha engenayo nephumayo (16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM).
- Ukutholwa okuzenzakalelayo kokucushwa kwesendlalelo esibonakalayo sefoni ngayinye.
- Usekelo lwe-LTE yezokuphepha ye-API: Imephu ye-RNTI-TMSI, iqoqo le-IMSI, ukwenza iphrofayela.
Ukunqamula kudinga okokusebenza okwengeziwe. Ukuze unqande ithrafikhi evela esiteshini sodwa, i-USRP B210 programmable transceiver (SDR) enezimpondo ezimbili yanele, ebiza cishe u-$2000.
Ikhadi elibiza kakhulu le-USRP X310 SDR liyadingeka ukuze kunqandwe ithrafikhi esuka kumakhalekhukhwini ukuya esiteshini esinama-transceivers amabili engeziwe (ikhithi ibiza cishe u-$11,000), njengoba ukutholwa kwephakeji okuthunyelwa amafoni kudinga ukunemba kwesikhathi ukuvumelanisa phakathi kwamafreyimu athunyelwe nawamukelwe futhi ukwamukela kanyekanye kwamasiginali kumabhendi amabili ahlukene.
Ikhompuyutha enamandla ngokwanele ukuqopha iphrothokholi nayo iyadingeka, isibonelo, ukuhlaziya ithrafikhi evela esiteshini esiyisisekelo esinabasebenzisi abasebenzayo abangu-150, uhlelo lwe-Intel i7 CPU kanye no-16 GB we-RAM kuyanconywa.
I-LTESniffer nayo ingenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo kakhulu. futhi ingalungiselelwa ukuthi ithwebule izinhlobo ezithile zethrafikhi noma ihlunge ithrafikhi engadingeki. Lokhu kuyenza ibe ithuluzi elinamandla labalawuli benethiwekhi, abacwaningi bezokuphepha, nanoma ubani omunye odinga ukuqapha amanethiwekhi e-LTE futhi ahlaziye ithrafikhi. Esigabeni esilandelayo, sizoxoxa ngendlela yokusebenzisa i-LTESniffer ukuqapha amanethiwekhi e-LTE nokuhlaziya ithrafikhi.
Uma ungathanda ukufunda okwengeziwe ngayo, ungathintana futhi/noma uthole ikhodi yethuluzi kokuthi isixhumanisi esilandelayo.
Okokugcina, kufanele kukhulunywe ngakho Ukulalela kwe-LTE kungasetshenziselwa izinhloso ezahlukahlukene, ezisemthethweni nezingekho emthethweni, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwethuluzi kusekunqumeni komsebenzisi kanye nemithetho yezwe labo.