Izizathu Ezi-10 Akufanele Sisole IWindows Ngezinkinga Zethu Zokuphepha?

Njengakwezenhlalo, maqondana nezokuphepha kukhona lezo ezigcizelela umuntu ngamunye (umsebenzisi) nabanye abagxilisa ibhalansi ezinqumweni zesakhiwo (uhlelo lokusebenza). Okokuqala kwalokhu kuyindaba ye- lo mbhalo ushicilelwe ku-eWeek okwangenza ngabhala le mpendulo. Eqinisweni, izenzo zomuntu ngamunye zenzelwe isimo; Lokhu kusho ukuthi, yize inezinga elithile lokuzimela, ubukhulu bayo besenzo bunqunyelwe futhi bubekelwa isakhiwo. Ngokuphathelene nokuphepha, kwenzeka into efanayo. Yize umsebenzisi enengxenye yesibopho maqondana nokuphepha kohlelo, kunezimo zesakhiwo ezilinganisela futhi zibeke esimweni sezenzo zabasebenzisi. Lokhu kukhonjiswa kwefilosofi kuyafaneleka ngoba kuvame kakhulu ukuzwa phakathi kwabavikeli beWindows ukuthi, empeleni, lonke iphutha lilele kubasebenzisi kanye / noma ezinhlelweni zezinkampani zangaphandle (ezigcwele izimbobo zokuphepha). Umbuzo ovelayo kimi ngukuthi: Ingabe le khompyutha "yokungafundi" ayikhuthazwa futhi ibangelwe yiMicrosoft? Ingabe ukumangalela onjiniyela besoftware yomuntu wesithathu akulona iqiniso imbuzi? Umbuzo othokozisayo ongawuphendula uthi: kungani lokhu kungenzeki kwiLinux?

Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpikiswano eziyi-10 ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yiMicrosoft nabaphikisi bayo ukuphikisa ukuthi amaphutha ezokuphepha weWindows, empeleni, akulona iphutha leMicrosoft. Iphutha lihlala njalo abanye ...

1. Izimbobo zokuphepha zohlelo lokusebenza lomuntu wesithathu

Izicelo ezivela eceleni zingadala ukwephulwa okukhulu kwezokuphepha kwi-Windows PC. Izinhlelo ezivela eceleni azihlali zinezinyathelo ezanele zokuphepha endaweni ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha igcinwa ivikelekile. Ukwenza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu, izinhlelo zokusebenza azihlali zivuselelwa kaningi ngokwanele. Lokho kuyinkinga. Abaduni bazi kahle ukuthi ezinye izinhlelo kulula ukuziqhekeka kunezinye, ngakho-ke bahlasela imigomo elula.

Indlela yeLinux:
Akuyeki ukunginaka ukuthi abafana baseMicrosoft bangabongi kangakanani: ukuhlanza udumo lwabo basola abathuthukisi bezinhlelo zeWindows. Akukhona ukuthi iWindows ayivikelekile, kepha ukuthi izinhlelo ezithuthukiswa ezinye izinkampani futhi ezisebenza kuWindows zinemigodi eminingi yokuphepha. Iqiniso ukuthi, uma kukhona, leyo mpendulo isalokhu ivika umbuzo: kungani lezo zinhlelo (zeWindows) zinemigodi eminingi yokuphepha? Ingabe amaWindows Programmers Idiots? Cha, inkinga isendleleni okubhalwe ngayo izinhlelo ezithandwa kakhulu zeWindows, cishe zonke ziyisoftware ephathelene. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunombuzo wokuthi, ku-Linux, izinhlelo zivuselelwa ngohlelo lokugcina.

2. Isoftware ephelelwe yisikhathi

Ngokuvamile, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivela eceleni zivuselelwa unjiniyela uqobo. Kunenkinga eyodwa kuphela: abasebenzisi abahlali njalo bebuyekeza izinhlelo. Sonke besikhona. Siphakathi kokuthile okubalulekile kanti nohlelo esisanda kulivula lusicela ukuthi silibuyekeze. Esikhundleni sokulinda isibuyekezo futhi kungenzeka siphoqeleke ukuqala kabusha ikhompyutha, siyishiya kwesinye isikhathi. Lokhu kungabonakala njengenketho enhle kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi, kepha empeleni akunjalo. Uma ngabe ukuvuselelwa bekuyisiqeshana sokuphepha, besizobeka amakhompyutha ethu engcupheni isikhathi eside kakhulu kunalokho obekufanele sikwenze. Uma singazivuseleli izinhlelo zethu ezivela eceleni, akuningi iMicrosoft engakwenza ukusivikela.

Indlela yeLinux:
Ukubuyekezwa kwenziwa ngohlelo lokugcina. Lokhu kunezinzuzo eziningi: kwenziwa maphakathi, kusuka kumthombo ovikelekile, ngemuva (ngaphandle kokuphazamisa okwenziwa ngumsebenzisi, noma kukhulunywa ngokubuyekeza uhlelo alusebenzisayo) futhi imvamisa akudingi ukuthi umsebenzisi aqale kabusha uhlelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba yakhiwe ngendlela ehlelekile, iLinux ingabuyekezwa "i-piecemeal": akudingekile ukulinda isibuyekezo se-kernel ukulungisa i-bug ebhuthini, imvelo ye-X, njll.

3.I-Antivirus ne-anti-spyware iphelelwe yisikhathi

Ukuqalisa ama-anti-virus kanye ne-anti-spyware izinhlelo ezingasetshenziswanga ngokugcwele cishe akusizi ngalutho njengokwenza lutho. Njengoba kutholakala izimbobo ezintsha zokuphepha, abakhiqizi bakhipha izibuyekezo ezinhlelweni zabo ukugcina idatha yomsebenzisi iphephile. Ngeshwa, abahlinzeki abakwazi ukuphoqa abasebenzisi ukuthi bavuselele izinhlelo zabo. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzisi okhetha ukulinda noma ukukhansela isibuyekezo uzibeka engcupheni yokuthintwa inkinga ebingagwemeka kalula ngosizo lwe-patch elula. Kuyiqiniso, iMicrosoft bekufanele yenze umsebenzi ongcono wokwenza iWindows imelane kakhulu namagciwane kanye ne-spyware, kepha futhi idinga usizo kubasebenzisi.

Indlela yeLinux:
Enye yezinto zokuqala umsebenzisi we-novice Linux athola ukuthi i-antivirus ibonakala ingadingeki. Kuyamangaza ngoba, naphezu kwalokhu, iLinux ibhekwa njengohlelo oluphephe kakhulu kuneWindows. Iqiniso libonakala likhombisa ukuthi i-antivirus, yize ingasiza ukulawula noma ukugwema eminye yemiphumela yezinhlelo ezinonya, azihlaseli izimbangela nezimo ezivumela ukukhiqizwa kwazo futhi kube namandla ezinhlelweni zeWindows. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kunezinhlelo ezimbalwa ezinonya (ama-virus, i-malware, njll.) YeLinux, kufakazelwe ukuthi cishe akukho neyodwa yazo ebeka engozini i-OS. Ngiyazi ukuthi ingahle iphikisane nomsebenzisi weWindows kepha ayikho i-antivirus eyenza i-OS yakho iphephe kakhudlwana. Kunoma ikuphi, isidingo se-antivirus siveza izikhala namaphutha okuphepha we-OS OS.

4. Abasebenzisi bavula okunamathiselwe okungafanele bavule

IMicrosoft akufanele isolwe ngomsebenzisi ovula okunamathiselwe okungafanele akuvule. Ngamanye amagama, iMicrosoft ayinakusolwa ngobuwula babasebenzisi beWindows. Uma othile ekholwa ngempela ukuthi bawine ilotho, ukuthi kukhona ifomula lomlingo lokukhulisa izingxenye zabo zangasese, njll. ufanele ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Sonke siyazi ukuthi ngaphandle kokuthi silindele ukuthi okunamathiselwe kusuka, kumthombo owaziwayo, ukuvula okunamathiselwe akukhuthazwa. Sekuyiminyaka, abaduni basebenzise i-imeyili ukusizakala ngabasebenzisi abangakaze bathole ukuthi ukuvula okunamathiselwe kwe-imeyili kumthumeli ongaziwa kungumbono omubi. Njengoba abathengisi bezokuphepha nabakwaMicrosoft bezamile ukuqwashisa ngale nkinga, abasebenzisi abamane balalele.

Indlela yeLinux: 
Ehh… akukho okunamathiselwe okungenziwa. Kulula. Ukuqalisa ifayela, ukumane "uchofoze kabili" akwanele. Umsebenzisi kuzodingeka ukuthi ayilondoloze, ayinike izimvume zokwenza futhi, lapho kuphela lapho ezokwazi ukukusebenzisa khona. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yomphakathi omkhulu owakhiwe ngaseLinux, abasebenzisi bayo bafundiswa njalo ngezingozi ezingaba khona zokunikeza izimvume ezinhlelweni ezitholwe kwimithombo engathembekile.

5. Abasebenzisi bapheqa amasayithi ayingozi

Eminyakeni yakamuva, izinkampani ezifana ne-Google zisizile ukuvikela abasebenzisi ekuphequluleni kuphela amasayithi aphephile. Kepha lokho akuvimbeli abasebenzisi abasindayo ekusebenziseni i-Internet Explorer, Firefox, noma esinye isiphequluli ukuzulazula kumasayithi aqukethe amafayela amabi. Ngokunjalo, kunezisulu zokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kumasayithi abukeka njengekhasi langempela, ngokwesibonelo lelo le-imeyili noma iwebhusayithi yasebhange, lapho abasebenzisi bagcwalisa khona idatha yabo bekholelwa ukuthi yikhasi langempela, kanti empeleni akulona. Amanani amakhulu abantu ayaqhubeka nokuphequlula izingosi ezidala umonakalo kumakhompyutha abo noma ezimpilweni zabo. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngemuva kokushiswa kanye, lezi zilima zifunda isifundo sazo.

Indlela yeLinux: 
Kunzima kakhulu ukuvimbela abasebenzisi ekuphequluleni amakhasi anokuqukethwe okunobungozi, kepha kunezici ezithile zesakhiwo ezinomthelela ezenzweni zabasebenzisi. Okokuqala, abasebenzisi be-Linux akudingeki bafune noma bafake izinhlelo "zobuqili", noma bafune imifantu noma ama-serial emakhasini ayingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzisi beLinux kuyaqabukela belangazelele ukukhipha igciwane elisolwayo njengokulanda nokufaka noma yikuphi okubizwa ngokuthi yi-virus "remover" emithonjeni engavikelekile noma engathembekile. Okwesibili, iziphequluli ze-intanethi ezizenzakalelayo kukho konke ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux zivikeleke kakhulu kune-Internet Explorer.

6. Akuphi wonke amaphasiwedi?

Abanye abasebenzisi bakwenza kube lula kakhulu kubaduni abanonya ukuthola ukufinyelela ngokomzimba kumakhompyutha abo. Ngaphandle kwephasiwedi yokulawula ukufinyelela emshinini, noma ngubani angahlala etafuleni lothile, aqale i-PC, bese eqala ukweba imininingwane eyimfihlo. Namuhla, izinkampani emhlabeni jikelele zidinga ukuthi abasebenzisi bavikele imishini yabo nge-password ukuze izigebengu zingakwazi ukuthola imininingwane yazo. Kungani abantu bengasebenzisi leso sifundo ukuvikela ama-PC abo asekhaya? Yebo, kungaba buhlungu ukuthayipha iphasiwedi njalo lapho ikhompuyutha "ivuka", kepha kuyasiza ukugcina idatha iyimfihlo.

Indlela yeLinux: 
Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux kumiswe ngendlela yokuthi enze izenzo ezingaba yingozi umsebenzisi atshelwa ngephasiwedi yomlawuli. Ekugcineni, cishe bonke bakhiya ikhibhodi ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa ngaphandle komsebenzi. Yenza umkhawulo wezimvume yindawo lapho izinguqulo zakamuva zeWindows zithuthuke khona kepha kuseyiminyaka elula kude neLinux.

7. Ama-password akhona, kepha kungani afana?

Ukuba ne-password kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esihle, kepha ukuba nephasiwedi efanayo kuwo wonke umuntu kwenza uhlelo lwakho nemininingwane egcinwe kokubili kusistimu yakho nakuwebhu kube nzima kakhulu ukuyivikela. Kungaba mnandi kakhulu kepha akuphephile kakhulu ukusho. Noma yimuphi umgenci, ngemuva kokuthola eyodwa yamaphasiwedi akho, into yokuqala azoyenza ukuvivinya uma isebenza kolunye lwezinsizakalo ozisebenzisayo. Uma kunjalo, uzokwazi ukufinyelela kukho konke akufunayo. Amaphasiwedi kufanele abe nzima ukuqhekeka futhi ahluke kusayithi kuya kusayithi.

Indlela yeLinux: 
Ku-Linux wonke amaphasiwedi abetheliwe futhi agcinwa ku-Keyring. Ukuze izinhlelo zokusebenza zifinyelele kulawa maphasiwedi, kuyadingeka ukufaka iphasiwedi eyinhloko yoKhiye wakho wokhiye. Ngaleyo ndlela, akudingeki ukhumbule izinkulungwane zamaphasiwedi, eyodwa kuphela.

8. Qalisa kumodi yomlawuli

Iphutha elijwayelekile ukusebenzisa iWindows kumodi yomlawuli. Lokhu kungenza ukusebenzisa i-PC yakho kube lula kakhudlwana, kepha kunikeza nabaduni ababi ukufinyelela kwabo ukwenza noma yini abayifunayo kwi-PC yakho. Abanye ochwepheshe bezokuphepha bathi ukujwayela abasebenzisi abalinganiselwe kungaqeda izinkinga eziningi zokuphepha ezikhathaza umsebenzisi we-Windows ojwayelekile namuhla. Ngokwengxenye yayo, iMicrosoft ingenza umsebenzi ongcono wokwazisa umphakathi ngobungozi bemodi yomlawuli. Kepha futhi, uma umsebenzisi efuna ukusebenza njengomphathi, yini iMicrosoft engayenza ukuyivimba?

Indlela yeLinux: 
Nakulokhu futhi, abafaki bokusabalalisa okwehlukile kweLinux bavumelana ngento eyodwa: bonke bayaphoqa ukudala umsebenzisi onezinsizakalo ezinqunyelwe, okuzoba umsebenzisi womshini, futhi bayaphoqa ukufaka iphasiwedi yomlawuli. Ngale ndlela, ungangena ngemvume ngomsebenzisi ojwayelekile, unezimvume ezilinganiselwe zokwenza, futhi ngaphakathi kwayo, ezinye izenzo ezingaba yingozi zingenziwa kuphela uma iphasiwedi yomlawuli ifakiwe kuqala (ngaleyo ndlela ugweme ukungena ngemvume njengomlawuli, njll.) . Le ndlela yokwenza izinto ikhawulela kakhulu amandla okulimaza wohlelo olubi kepha inika uhlelo ukuguquguquka okukhulu.

9. Windows izibuyekezo

Ukuvuselelwa kweWindows kungapela umehluko phakathi kokuphepha nokwephula ezokuphepha kukhompyutha yomsebenzisi. Njengoba kuyacasula njengoba kunjalo, izibuyekezo zeWindows ziyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphepha kwekhompyutha yakho. Njalo lapho iMicrosoft ikhipha ama-patches kusistimu yayo yokusebenza, abasebenzisi kumele bakulungele futhi bazimisele ukuvuselela iWindows ngokushesha nje lapho lesi sibuyekezo sitholakala. Uma kungenjalo, bathambekele ekuzibekeni engozini. IMicrosoft ingancoma kuphela ukuthi abasebenzisi balande isibuyekezo sokuphepha futhi banikeze nezimagqabhagqabha lapho kungenzeka khona. Lokho abasebenzisi abanquma ukukwenza ngokulandelayo kukubo.

Indlela yeLinux: 
Njengoba sibonile, izibuyekezo zeLinux zisobala kakhulu kumsebenzisi. Okungezwe kulokhu iqiniso lokuthi, ngokuba yisistimu ye-modular, iLinux ingabuyekeza izingxenye zayo ngaphandle kokulinda "isibuyekezo esikhulu". Ngokwengeziwe, iLinux yaziwa ngokukhipha izibuyekezo nezimagqabhagqabha (kufaka phakathi nezimagqabhagqabha zokuphepha) ngokushesha kunomlingani wayo waseRedmond.

I-10. Imfundo

Kulula ukusola iMicrosoft ngokuphepha lapho kunezinkinga zomsebenzisi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi abasebenzisi kufanele babone kalula ukuthi imfundo ingabasiza ukuthi bagweme izinkinga eziningi ezibakhathaza nsuku zonke. Ngemfundo yokuphepha okungcono, inethiwekhi ingaba yindawo ephephile, ngenxa yabasebenzisi abambalwa abafuna ukubuka amasayithi anonya. Ukuvula okunamathiselwe okuthelelekile kungaba yinto engakhathazi kakhulu njengoba abasebenzisi bezokwazi ukuthi bangabhekana kanjani nayo. Ngemfundo engcono, ngokuqinisekile kuzoba nokuqhekeka okumbalwa, okungasho indawo ephephile yomsebenzi kuwo wonke umuntu.

Indlela yeLinux: 
Njengoba sibonile, izinkinga eziningi ezibhekwa ku-Windows "njengokuntuleka kwemfundo yezokuphepha ngabasebenzisi" nazo ziyizinkinga zesakhiwo ezibangelwa ukwehluleka kohlelo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwakho kokubili kwenza iWindows uhlelo olungavikelekile kakhulu. KuLinux, ngokungafani nenkolelo evamile, akubona bonke abasebenzisi abangabaduni, okukhonjiswa ngokuthandwa okwandayo kwama-distros "newbie" afana no-Ubuntu nabanye. Kodwa-ke, kuliqiniso ukuthi kunokuqwashiswa okukhulu kokuphepha, kepha lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iLinux ikhuthaza isimo sengqondo esisebenzayo kubasebenzisi futhi ikhuthaza ilukuluku labo lokuthola ukuthi "izinto zisebenza kanjani". Ku-Windows, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukungafuneki komsebenzisi nokufihlwa kokusebenza kwangempela kwezinto kuhlala kufunwa. Ngokufanayo, akukho okwenziwayo "ukufundisa" umsebenzisi.

Ukuhlanganiswa.

IMicrosoft impela ayinacala ngezinkinga zokuphepha ezithinta iWindows noma isoftware yayo. Kepha akusolwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Futhi kubalulekile ukukhumbula lokho. Yilokhu okushiwo "abavikeli" beWindows.

Eqinisweni, isenzo somsebenzisi asenzeki kwi-limbo futhi asinakubhekwa njenge-ahistorically. Abasebenzisi beWindows basebenza ngokuzimela okuthile, kepha njalo kunesimo futhi kunqunyelwe yizimpawu ze-OS futhi "bafundisiwe" kuzinqubo ezivumelayo nezikhuthazayo.

Ngalowo mqondo, ku-Linux kukhona inhlanganisela yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zalemihlaba: umphakathi onamandla kakhulu, osiza ekwaziseni amalungu awo maqondana nezokuphepha nezinye izindaba; isistimu yokusebenza evame ukusatshalaliswa ngokulungiswa okunemikhawulo nokuvikelekile, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kuvumelana nezimo (akunakwenzeka ukwenza okunamathiselwe, umsebenzisi oyinhloko onamalungelo alinganiselwe, njll.); futhi nezimpawu zayo ezenza uhlelo luvikeleke kakhulu (izinqolobane ezivumela ukufakwa emithonjeni ethembekile, izibuyekezo ezisheshayo neziphephe kakhudlwana, "i-modular" nokwakhiwa kwabasebenzisi abaningi, njll.).