Ungethuki: wonke amakheli we-IPv4 asevele aphelile

Y awasekho amakheli e-IPv4 angiphinde. Kwenzeke izolo, ngoFebhuwari 3, lapho amabhulokhi wokugcina amahlanu i-IANA ewasabalalise ezifundeni ezinhlanu zomhlaba abelwa. Ukusatshalaliswa kube ngokulingana phakathi kwe-ARIN (eNyakatho Melika), iLACNIC (iLatin America nezinye iziqhingi zaseCaribbean), iRIPE NIC (iYurophu, iMiddle East kanye ne-Asia Ephakathi), i-AfriNIC (izwekazi lase-Afrika) ne-APNIC (i-East Asia kanye nesifunda se-Peaceful. ). Kulindeleke ukuthi amakheli we-IPv4 asevele abelwe, ezandleni zezinhlangano zezifunda ezahlukahlukene ezibaphethe, ugcine kuze kube nguSepthemba. Kepha kusukela kulowo mzuzu ngeke kusaba khona okunye. Noma ngubani odinga ukuxhumana okusha kwe-inthanethi uzothola eyodwa yohlobo I-IPv6.

Isikhala sekheli le-IP esinikezwe yi-IPv4 singama-32 bit (4.294.967.296 amakheli e-IP). I-IPv6 yindawo yamakheli ayi-128-bit, okuhunyushelwe kwinani lamakheli, isibalo sezinkanyezi (amakheli we-IP angama-340 sextillion). Ngenkathi i-IPv4 isungulwa, amakheli we-IP ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4.300 abonakala enele ngawo-70, kodwa kuleli sonto aphelile.

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi lokhu kwenzeke. Okokuqala, kuphela ama-14% wamakheli we-IP asetshenziswa ngempumelelo. Izabelo bezingazange zenziwe kahle esikhathini esedlule, ikakhulukazi ngeminyaka yama-80, ngaleyo minyaka i-Intanethi yayinganwetshwanga ngaphezu kwezinsimu zesayensi, eyunivesithi kanye nohulumeni.

Inkinga eyisisekelo ukuthi i-IPv4 ne-IPv6 azivumelani. Amakheli e-IPv4 akhiwe ngamaqembu ezinombolo ezi-4 anenani eliphakeme kunawo wonke angama-255 (isibonelo: 195.235.113.3) futhi lawo ahambelana ne-IPv6 aqukethe amaqembu ayisishiyagalombili amadijithi amane ama-hexadecimal angacindezelwa uma ngabe elinye iqembu "lingasebenzi".

Umzamo wenguquko uzowela kubanikezeli bezinsizakalo ze-Intanethi, opharetha benethiwekhi namasango amakhulu. Umsebenzisi wasekhaya akufanele aqaphele noma yini, yize esikhathini esimaphakathi singadinga ukushintsha i-router. Ngenhlanhla, izinhlelo zokusebenza zesimanje futhi ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlomisa amadivayisi eselula, zisekela i-IPv6.

Fuentes: UGenbeta & ReadWriteWeb