Ama-Bochs: Umthombo ovulekile we-IA-32 Emulator yekhompyutha

Amabhokisi Kuyinto a «Emulador de Ordenadores» de «Código Abierto» yakhelwe ngqo, okwamanje, ukulingisa Izakhiwo ezingama-32 bit (IA-32). Futhi, iyaphatheka kalula, ibhalwe nge C ++, futhi isebenza kuzingxenyekazi ezithandwa kakhulu.

Ngaphandle kokufaka ukulingiswa kwe- I-Intel x86 CPU, amadivayisi ajwayelekile INGABE futhi a «BIOS» ngezifiso, Amabhokisi ingahlanganiswa ukulingisa abaningi Ama-X86 CPUs kwehlukile, kusukela kowokuqala I-Intel 386 kuze kufinyelele amaprosesa «Intel y AMD x86-64» kwakamuva kakhulu, okungenzeka ukuthi akukaze kufike emakethe okwamanje.

Ngenxa yalokhu, Amabhokisi iyakwazi ukusebenzisa iningi le- «Sistemas Operativos» ngaphakathi kwabo «Entornos emulados»kufaka phakathi «Linux, DOS o Microsoft Windows». Amabhokisi ekuqaleni yabhalwa ngu UKevin Lawton, futhi kusenguye okwamanje ogcina iphrojekthi.

I-Los «Entornos emulados» noma ama-Bochs zingahlanganiswa futhi zisetshenziswe ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, ezinye zazo zisathuthuka. Yize kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuyisebenzisa ukuhlinzeka ngokulingisa okuphelele kwe-x86 PC, kufaka phakathi iprosesa le-x86, amadivayisi wehadiwe nememori.

Ngaleyo ndlela, ukukwazi ukwenza ngempumelelo nangendlela efanele i «Sistemas Operativos» kanye nayo yonke iSoftware efakwe ngaphakathi kwe- Amabhokisi, sengathi zingaphakathi njengomshini wangempela ngaphakathi komunye umshini.

Leyo Amabhokisi ngokwesibonelo, ungavumela ikhompyutha ngeyamanje «Sistema Operativo» unomusa I-Unix / X11, ingagijima endala «Sistema Operativo Windows 95» nesoftware ehambisana nayo, kumane kuboniswe kufayela le- «Sistema Operativo Host» ifasitela, sengathi lilingisa ukuqapha okwengeziwe kukhompyutha esetshenzisiwe.

Ama-Bochs: Isistimu Yezinhlelo Zokusebenza

Izici ezijwayelekile

Phakathi kwezici ezivelele ezingashiwo Amabhokisi Yilezi:

1. I-PC Emulator yamahhala futhi eguquguqukayo kakhulu ebhalwe ku-C ++
2. I-multiplatform, okusho ukuthi, inezifaki zeWindows (.exe 32/64 Bit) neLinux (.tar.gz ne .rpm) kanye nefomethi ye- ".deb" ngaphakathi kwezinqolobane ezahlukahlukene zamaDistros athile ase-DEBIAN.
3. Iyakwazi ukulingisa Amapulatifomu we-Hardware amadala: I-Intel 386 ne-486, i-Pentium I, II, i-III ne-IV, ngisho ne-CPU enezakhiwo ze-x86-64. Ingalingisa nezibonelo ezithile zakudala ze-AMD, njenge-K6-2 ne-Athlon 64.
4. Iyakwazi ukulingisa ama-Operating Systems amadala: i-GNU, i-GNU / Linux, * i-BSD, i-FreeDOS, i-MS-DOS ne-Windows 95 / NT, i-Vista ne-Seven.
5. Iyakwazi ukulingisa imiyalo yakudala ye-CPU: MMX, SSEx ne-3DNow
6. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekulungisweni kwamaphutha we-Operating Systems, ngoba igcina umbhalo wamaphutha nokulahlwa kwamafayela.
7. Ivumela ukulingisa yonke i-HW edingekayo ngaphakathi koHlelo Lokusebenza lwezivakashi, ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-Emulator ngohlelo Lokusebenza Lwezivakashi.
8. I-interface yayo yomsebenzisi yokuqhafaza ayisiyonto eqinile kakhulu noma enembile, kepha yenziwa ngezifiso kakhulu ngokuhlela ifayela layo lokumisa elibizwa nge-bochsrc.txt.
9. IBochs ishicilelwa ngaphansi kweGNU LGPL, nguMandrakeSoft (manje ebizwa ngeMandriva).
10. Igama lakhe ngocingo libizwa ngokufana negama lesiNgisi elithi "Box." Lokhu ukwenza umdlalo ngamagama ashiwo, ngesiSpanish asho ukuthi "Ibhokisi". Igama elisetshenziswa kabanzi ukubhekisa ezindaweni ezi-Emulated ze-Computer Architectures kanye ne-Operating Systems.

Note: Ukuthola eminye imininingwane nge Amabhokisi, futhi ungaxhumana ne- iwebhusayithi esemthethweni, izixhumanisi ezilandelayo: Sourceforge, DEBIAN, ILinux.com.

Izici ezintsha kunguqulo 2.6.10

Uhlobo olusha 2.6.10, olukhishwe ngoDisemba 1, 2019 luza nezinguquko ezilandelayo:

• CPU: Ukulungiswa kokulungiswa kokulingiswa kwe-CPU (ukulungiswa okubucayi kwe-PCID, ADCX / ADOX, MOVBE, AVX / AVX-512 ne-VMX ukulingisa).
• CPU: Kwenziwe ukwesekwa kwe-AVX-512 VBMI2 / VNNI / BITALG, VAES, VPCLMULQDQ / GFNI ukulingiswa kwemiyalo.
• I-VMX: Ukuqaliswa kokuvikelwa kwekhasi elingaphansi kususelwa ku-EPT.
• I-CPUID: Kungezwe amamodeli amasha we-Skylake-X, Cannonlake ne-Icelake-U CPU
• I-CPUID: Ukuqaliswa kwemibiko yokuvikela ukuhlaselwa kwesiteshi eseceleni kanye namalogi e-MSR ahambisanayo, anikwe amandla i-Icelake-U.
• Kungezwe ukusekelwa okuyisisekelo: Ye-chipset ye-PCI / AGP i440BX, ye-Voodoo Banshee / Voodoo3 yokulingisa ne-DDC, yama-adaptha ahambisanayo e-VGA.
• Ukulingiswa kwe-HPET kuyasetshenziswa: Kususwe eQemu.

Nota: Ukukhulisa lolu lwazi ungavula isixhumanisi esisemthethweni esilandelayo: Izinguquko kunguqulo 2.6.10

Umehluko phakathi kwamaBochs namanye ama-Emulators

«Bochs» icaciswe kakhulu ngokuya ngeprosesa, ukumiswa kwebhasi kanye nechweba kunamanye ama-emulators wendabuko, njenge, «VirtualBox». Kusukela Ama-Emulators Ngokwesiko, basebenzisa amazinga ehlukene we i-virtualization isebenza kahle kakhulu, ngenkathi «Bochs» kuphelele Isimo sokulingisa enikeza eminye imisebenzi eminingi. Lokho wukuthi, ihumusha imiyalo yohlelo ngamunye ngamunye esikhundleni sokusebenzisa amasu wokwenza okuhle.

Phakathi kwaleyo misebenzi ngokuvamile:

1. Ukufinyelela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zamaprosesa
2. Ukulayisha okunye kwe-BIOS
3. Ukuguqulwa kwemingcele ye-RTC,
4. Incazelo yephrothokholi yokuxhumana kukhibhodi

Phakathi kwezinye izinto eziningi ezicacisiwe nezithuthukile, amapharamitha noma amanani. Okwenza kukhetheke kakhulu ikakhulukazi lapho ufuna, ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenzisa uhlelo olungenziwa kuphela ku- i-hardware yakudala, futhi ayinakufinyelelwa ngokomzimba kodwa ngendlela elingisiwe.

Ekugcineni, «Bochs» sebenzisa izithombe zokulingisa nge Ifomethi ".img", ngokuvamile okudinga ukuchitha isikhathi ukwenza amaqoqo awo. «Bochs» Akulungile uma kudingeka ukusebenza okuphezulu, ngoba kuthanda i- lingisa ngokunembile, kube izindleko zokusebenza okuhle. Futhi, akulula ukusebenzisa uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye, njenge VirtualBox o I-VMWare, kepha inemibhalo emihle, ethatha isikhathi ukuyifunda nokwenza kahle.

Isiphetho

Sithemba ukuthi ukhona "okuncane kodwa okuwusizo" ngalokhu okuhle kakhulu «Emulador de Ordenadores y Sistemas Operativos de código abierto» ukuze Izakhiwo ze-32 Bit IA-32 (x86) kubizwa «Bochs», okuphakathi kwezinzuzo eziningi, ephathekayo kakhulu, ibhalwe ku-C ++, futhi isebenza kuzingxenyekazi ezithandwa kakhulu, inesithakazelo esikhulu futhi iyasebenziseka, kubo bonke «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» kanye negalelo elikhulu ekusabalalisweni kwesimangaliso semvelo, esikhulu futhi esikhulayo sokusebenzisa kanye nokwenzelwe «GNU/Linux».

Futhi ukuthola eminye imininingwane, unganqikazi njalo ukuvakashela noma yikuphi Umtapo wolwazi oku-inthanethi njengoba I-OpenLibra y I-JedIT ukufunda izincwadi (ama-PDF) ngalesi sihloko noma ezinye izindawo zolwazi. Okwamanje, uma ukuthandile lokhu «publicación», ungayeki ukuyaba nabanye, ku- Amawebhusayithi ayizintandokazi, iziteshi, amaqembu, noma imiphakathi zokuxhumana nabantu, okungcono mahhala futhi evulekile njenge I-mastodon, noma ukuphepha nokuyimfihlo kwangasese yocingo.

Noma mane uvakashele ikhasi lethu lasekhaya ku- DesdeLinux noma ujoyine iSiteshi esisemthethweni I-Telegram ye DesdeLinux ukufunda nokuvotela lokhu noma ezinye izincwadi ezithakazelisayo ku- «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» nezinye izihloko ezihlobene ne- «Informática y la Computación»kanye «Actualidad tecnológica».