Ku -GUTL ngithole isihloko esithakazelisayo (ikakhulukazi kubasebenzisi abasha) lapho umbhali waso, umngane wethu uDelio Orozco González, ngemuva kokwenza uphenyo oluncane ukuze aqonde umehluko phakathi kwe-Desktop Environment kanye nabaphathi bewindi.
Ukucacisa imiqondo: "Izindawo zedeskithophu" kanye "nabaphathi bamawindi".
Ngokuya nge-Wikipedia, imvelo yedeskithophu (i-DE ngamafuphi) iqoqo lesoftware lokunikeza umsebenzisi wekhompyutha ukuxhumana okunobungane nokunethezeka. Kungukuqaliswa kokuqhafaza komsebenzisi okunikezela ukufinyelela nezinsiza zokumisa, njengamabha wamathuluzi nokuhlanganiswa phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamakhono afana nokuhudula bese uphonsa.
Izindawo zedeskithophu ngokuvamile azikuvumeli ukufinyelela kuzo zonke izici ezitholakala ohlelweni lokusebenza, ngenxa yokungabi bikho kwesibonisi sokuqhafaza. Esikhundleni salokho, isikhombimsebenzisi somugqa wendabuko (CLI) sisasetshenziswa lapho kudingeka ukulawulwa okuphelele kohlelo lokusebenza kulezi zimo. Isimo sedeskithophu ngokuvamile siqukethe izithonjana, amawindi, amabha wamathuluzi, amafolda, amaphephadonga, namawijethi wedeskithophu. (1)
Ngokuvamile, indawo ngayinye yedeskithophu ihlukaniswa ngokubukeka kwayo kanye nokuziphatha kwayo, yize eminye ivame ukulingisa izici zama-desktop akhona. Indawo yokuqala yedeskithophu yesimanje eyakhishwa kwezentengiselwano yathuthukiswa yi-Xerox ngawo-80. Njengamanje, indawo eyaziwa kakhulu yileyo enikezwa umndeni we-Windows, yize eminye ikhona, njengaleyo ye-Macintosh (Classic kanye ne-Cocoa), noma izindawo ezivulekile (noma isofthiwe yamahhala) njenge- GNOME, KDE, CDE, Xfce, noma i-LXDE , evame ukusetshenziswa ekusakazweni kwe-Linux noma kwe-BSD . (2)
Ukusuka kulo mzuzu kuphakama umbuzo: uyini-ke "Umphathi Wewindi"? Ngokomthombo ofanayo, umphathi wewindi wuhlelo lwekhompiyutha olulawula indawo nokubukeka kwamawindi ngaphansi kohlelo lwamawindi kusixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi. (3) Izenzo ezihambisana nomphathi wewindi zivame: ukuvula, ukuvala, ukunciphisa, ukukhulisa, ukuhambisa, ukukala nokugcina uhlu lwamawindi avulekile. Kujwayelekile futhi ukuthi umphathi wewindi ahlanganise izinto ezinjengalezi: ukuhlobisa iwindi, iphaneli, isibukeli sedeskithophu ebonakalayo, izithonjana nephepha lodonga. (4)
Amapulatifomu eWindows ne Mac OS X anikezela ngemenenja yefasitela eyenziwe yafanela abathengisi bayo futhi yahlanganiswa nohlelo lwayo uqobo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhlelo lokuqhafaza lwe-X Window, oludumile emkhakheni we-Unix nezinhlelo ezifanayo, njenge-GNU / Linux, luvumela umsebenzisi ukuthi akhethe phakathi kwabaphathi abaningi. Abaphathi bamawindi bahlukahluka ngezindlela eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukubukeka, ukusetshenziswa kwememori, izinketho zokwenza ngokwezifiso, ama-desktops amaningi noma we-virtual, nokufana ezindaweni ezithile zedeskithophu, phakathi kwabanye. (5)
Phakathi kwama-"Window Managers" aziwa kakhulu yi -AfterStep, i-FVWM, i-AmiWM (i-Amiga Windows Manager), i-Blackbox, i-CTWM, i-Enlightenment, i-Fluxbox (ethathwe kunguqulo engu-0.61.1 ye-Blackbox), i-IceWM, i-Kwin (i-window manager esetshenziswa yi-KDE), i-Metacity (i-window manager yezinguqulo ezithile ze-Gnome), i-Openbox (esekelwe ku-Blackbox futhi iyi-window manager ye-LXDE), i-VTWM, i-Sawfish nezinye eziningi.(6)
Futhi ukuqeda isitatimende. Lapho ngiqala emhlabeni we-GNU / Linux ngangisebenzisa, kunjalo, iGnome ne-KDE. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngifuna ukusebenza, ngathuthela eXFCE nakuLXDE; ekugcineni, ngolwazi oluncane mayelana nohlelo namandla alo, sengifudukele ku-Enlightenment futhi ngijabule ngesizathu: Ngingadala futhi ngiguqule, okuyizinto ezenziwa ngabantu ngokwemvelo, ngokusho kukaJosé MartÃ; Okwamanje, ngikwazile ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-UI (User Interface = User Interface) ukuze ngisebenzisane nesistimu yami yokusebenza: Debian 6.
Izinkomba:
1.-http: //es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entorno_de_escritorio.
2. -Idem.
3.-http: //es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestor_de_ventanas
4. -Idem.
5. -Idem.