Izingxenyekazi zekhompyutha zamahhala zomphakathi "okhululekile"

Alejandro (a.k.a KZKG^Gaara)

Imizuzu ye-6

Por. UJuan Guillermo López Castellanos (umnikeli ku-humanOS)

Enye yezinto eyunivesithi engiphoqe ukuba ngiyibhale phansi ohlwini lwami “namacici”Kwakungogesi. Ngifunde okuthile mayelana abafundisayo y Izilawuli ezincane ngesikhathi sami samahhala e-UCI, kepha ngaphandle kokuyeka ukubona ukuthi isihloko esikhulu futhi esimangalisayo njengaleso esizodinga amahora amaningi okutadisha kunokufundisa nokukhiqiza kungivumele esikhathini sami somfundi.

 Kulokhu okuthunyelwe ngifuna ukukhuluma nawe ngethemu (noma isenzeko?) Lokho ngazile lapho ngathola isikhathi sokucwaninga ngale ndaba, futhi okuthi ngohlobo lwayo sekuvele kuthakazelisa kakhulu: I-Free Hardware.

 Izingxenyekazi zekhompyutha zamahhala?

Yebo. Njengoba usizwa. Kujwayelekile ukuthi abantu abavamile emphakathini wethu bezwe “software freeNgaphandle kokungena emininingwaneni eminingi noma ngokuchaza uStallman ;)

yisoftware ehlonipha inkululeko yomsebenzisi yokuyisebenzisa, ukuyitadisha, ukuyiguqula nokusabalalisa. Yebo, umqondo wehardware yamahhala uthatha okushiwo yilezi zakamuva, kepha usetshenzisiwe nakwezobuchwepheshe.

Arduino. I-suite yamabhodi wamahhala wamaphrojekthi we-elekthronikhi

Lokhu kungabonakala kuhlanya noma kungenangqondo ekuqaleni, ikakhulukazi kumuntu ohamba ngokomongo wethu, lapho ngokwesibonelo umakhalekhukhwini, isidlali seDVD noma ikhefu le-hard drive, nesisombululo esivame kakhulu (ukulahla lokho kokuthenga okusha: - /) ukuyivula, thola inkinga bese uzama ukuyilungisa. Noma, ukwehluleka lokho, kulungiswe ngumuntu onolwazi oluningi futhi ozokuzama ngokufanayo:

  • Vula insiza
  • Yenza ukuhlaziywa komklamo wakho we-elekthronikhi
  • Zama ukuthola umthombo wenkinga
  • Futhi ngandlela thile lungisa ingxenye engalungile

 Kepha mhlawumbe leli qiniso esiphila kulo likwenza ungazi ukuthi njenge-software, imikhiqizo eminingi yehadiwe ivikelwe yimithetho ebekelwe imingcele evimbela abantu abazithengayo ekuhloleni izifunda zabo, ukuzigcina, noma ukuzilungisa ... okungenani ngokusemthethweni.

 Ukuyichaza ngendlela elula nokwenza ukufana nento efanayo eyenzeka nge-software:

Umshini osebenza ngogesi uxazulula inkinga ethile ... :)

 ngomklamo owasungulwa yinkampani ...: - / futhi isikhathi esiningi leyo nkampani ayinandaba ne:

  •  Ukuthi ungazilungisela wena ngokwakho idivayisi lapho iphuka.
  • Ukuthi uyazi ukuthi yenziwe kanjani.
  • Futhi kuncane kakhulu! ... ukuthi wenze eyodwa efana nayo. :(

 Lokhu akuyona intshisekelo engenasisekelo kubo, kunalokho. Ngokunciphisa umnikazi walezi zinkululeko, inkampani "amaprotheni" ulwazi olutholakala ngokuphelele kumkhiqizo, futhi lwakha ukuncika okukhethekile komsebenzisi maqondana nomkhiqizo ezindabeni zokulondolozwa nezokusekelwa.

 Inhloso yalokhu okuthunyelwe akukona neze ukugxeka noma ukusola le ndlela yokubona izinto. Akukona lokho, kepha ukubazisa ukuthi ngaphezu kwalokhu (okuyiningi) kukhona ne-Free Hardware, okungeyona enye into ngaphandle (ngokwe-Wiki):

“… Amadivayisi wehadiwe imininingwane y imidwebo yesikimu ziyafinyeleleka esidlangalaleni, kungaba ngaphansi kohlobo oluthile lokukhokha noma mahhala

Kulungile huh? :D

Umxube we-DJ audio ... mahhala!

Imoto yokuqala yakhiwe ngokuphelele kulandela ifilosofi yeFree Hardware

Umbono ofanayo ... ngokuhluka okumbalwa

Noma ikuphi ukuguqulwa komqondo ezimweni ezahlukahlukene kuhambisana nezinguquko. Futhi esinye sezizathu eziyisisekelo kuleli cala uhlobo lwehadiwe. Ngokucabanga ngalokhu kuphela singabona kalula ukuthi izinkululeko ezine zesoftware yamahhala azikwazi ukusetshenziswa kwi-hardware. Ngokwesibonelo:

  •  Idizayini ebonakalayo ihlukile futhi iyinkimbinkimbi. Akuwona nje kuphela umbuzo othibabe design futhi manje”, Kepha izakhiwo okufanele zakhiwe kabusha.
  • Idivayisi inezindleko ezihambisanayo. Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa i-hardware eyenziwe ngomunye umuntu, kufanele uyenze kuqala. Lokhu kufaka ukuthenga izinto, ukwakha idizayini nokuyihlola. Konke lokho kubiza.
  • Izakhi azitholakali ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kuya kakhulu ngezwe. Kwezinye kunezitolo ze-elekthronikhi, abasabalalisi ... kodwa ... nakulabo abangenazo? :(
  • Kunamalungelo obunikazi amaningi kwi-hardware. Unomklamo wedivayisi emahhala. Kuhle kanjani! Kepha unayo ilayisense yokusebenzisa leyo microcontroller kuyo? Futhi le enye ingxenye?
  • Kuyimodeli yokukhiqiza enzima. Udinga (ngokufanele: - /) ingqalasizinda yokuqamba, yokulingisa, yokukhiqiza neyokuqalisa. Akuwona wonke umuntu angenza i-hardware noma ngabe anolwazi. Izidingo zemvelo azilula kangako.
  • Namuhla i-hardware ... akuyona nje i-hardware. Iminyaka ye-analog electronics sekuphele isikhathi. Manje kunezinhlelo ezisebenza ngaphakathi kwehadiwe. Hhayi kusuka ku-PC ukufinyelela kudivayisi, kepha ngaphakathi kwezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha uqobo. Lokhu kungeza izinga elengeziwe lobunzima kunoma ngubani ofuna ukukhiqiza kabusha umklamo.

 Lutho, ngokungangabazeki ukuguquguquka okunamandla kakhulu okuqhubeka nokuvela. Ngisho ekhasini le-Wikipedia engibhekisa kulo ekugcineni kwendatshana, kunezahluko eziningi nezihloko zokubhekana nezimo ezithile maqondana nalolu daba. Okungaphezulu kakhulu lapho ngiqala ukumbuza ngenkathi ngisekolishi.

Okubaluleke ngempela

Okungimangaze kakhulu lapho ngizwa ngalesi sihloko ukuthi ukuthi ifilosofi yesoftware yamahhala ibe nomthelela muni ekukhiqizweni kwe-ICT nakuma-paradigms emakethe, ngisho nangaphandle komongo, okuyizinhlelo zamakhompyutha.

Kuyamangaza impela, futhi ngubani owaziyo ukuthi eminyakeni ezayo izicelo ezintsha zizovela emikhakheni ehlukene, hhayi kwi-computer yesayensi nobuchwepheshe kuphela, kodwa nakwezesayensi yezenhlalo, kwezemfundo, kwezobuciko ... ngubani owaziyo? :D

Kuma-athikili azayo ngizophawula ngamanye amaphrojekthi wehadiwe wamahhala angisizile mathupha ukuthi ngifunde i-elekthronikhi futhi anikeze okuningi engizokhuluma ngakho.

Ulwazi oluningi

Ungathola eminye imininingwane ekhasini lamahhala le-Wikipedia le-Wikipedia:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_libre

Umthombo: abantu


Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*

  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   UChristopher Castro kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 11

    Ifilosofi enhle kakhulu isetshenziswe kunoma iyiphi indawo yempilo yansuku zonke, uqinisile ekugcineni ukuthi i-hardware ayiseyona i-Hardware kuphela, amasango athathelwe indawo amadivayisi ahlelwe enza umqondo ofanayo kodwa ngendlela esebenza kahle nangabambalwa amadivayisi.

    Kwezemfundo kuwumqondo omuhle kakhulu ukwenza abaqeqeshi bavivinye futhi babe ngcono kakhulu uma beklama mahhala ngoba noma yimuphi umfundi angenza okwakhe.

    Phendula uChristopher Castro
  2.   U-Anti-Bureaucrat kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 11

    Ukuhlaziywa okuhle !!

    Phendula ku-AntiBureaucrat
  3.   Uthingo lwenkosazana_fly kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 11

    Izinsiza kusebenza zamahhala nesoftware yamahhala

    Ulwazi kumele lube mahhala ^^

    Phendula ku-Rainbow_fly
    1.    I-VaryHeavy kusho
      kwenza iminyaka 11

      Ingqikithi futhi iyavumelana ngokuphelele.

      Phendula i-VaryHeavy
  4.   Lolo kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 11

    Ngabe ukhona owaziyo ngommeleli wokufinyelela kuma-HumanOs?

    Phendula uLolo
    1.    phumlani kusho
      kwenza iminyaka 11

      Inkinga ukuthi i-humanOS ayinandlela yokuphuma

      Phendula ku-diazepan
      1.    Lolo kusho
        kwenza iminyaka 11

        Bengicabanga ukuthi ukuba yiwebhusayithi yaseCuba kuzovinjelwa nokuthi kungatholwa ngommeleli okwenza kubonakale sengathi ngixhumekile ukusuka lapho.

        Ngabe kwenzeka ukuthi ube nenguqulo enesizinda se -onion?

        Phendula uLolo
  5.   Pablo kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 11

    Ukuhlaziywa okuthakazelisa kakhulu.

    Sekuyiminyaka eminingana sifunda lesi sihloko. Ukusebenza ngokushesha kwezincazelo zesoftware yamahhala nemibono ku-hardware akunakwenzeka. Njengoba besho kule ndatshana, ngenxa yezizathu eziningana, phakathi kwezinye: izindleko ezihambisanayo, ubunzima, ingqalasizinda ebandakanyekayo, okungenzeki kokukhiqizwa kwayo ngokushesha njengaku-software, njll.

    Ngishiya izixhumanisi ezithile kulabo abanentshisekelo yokuqhubeka nokujulisa isihloko:
    http://usemoslinux.blogspot.com/2011/08/hardware-libre-vs-hardware-abierto-el.html
    http://usemoslinux.blogspot.com/2011/01/sabes-de-que-se-trata-el-hardware-libre.html
    http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_libre

    Ngisho nangabo bonke ubunzima obushiwo, kube nentuthuko ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwehardware yamahhala, amaphrojekthi aziwa kakhulu yi-Arduino ne-Raspberry Pi.

    Ngikuthola futhi kuyathakazelisa ukusho ukuthi sekuvele kunamalayisense wehardware amahhala. Empeleni, i-Apache Foundation neCERN yodumo zidale ezinye lapho zinikeza khona izincazelo ezihlukile zalokho okufanele kuqondwe yi "hardware yamahhala". Imininingwane engaphezulu ku:

    http://usemoslinux.blogspot.com/2011/07/cern-lanza-una-nueva-licencia-para.html
    http://usemoslinux.blogspot.com/2012/05/nueva-licencia-para-hardware-libre.html

    Ekugcineni, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa (noma cha) kwehardware yamahhala kunomthelela oqondile ekuthuthukisweni (noma cha) kwesoftware yamahhala. Eqinisweni, uStallman ukholelwa kwihardware yamahhala njengoba ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwabashayeli abahambelana nabo. Njengesibonelo, ukube amakhadi wevidiyo bekuyihadiwe yamahhala, besingaba nabashayeli bamavidiyo abakhululeke kangcono.

    Ngiyakubongela futhi ngendatshana enhle kakhulu! Ngithatha futhi leli thuba ukunimema nonke ukuba nicabange ngezindlela zokudala "zokukhulula" i-hardware yethu.

    Ukwanga! UPaul.

    Phendula uPablo
  6.   sebastian kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 11

    Manje sengiyaqonda ukuthi kungani ithelevishini yokugcina eyathengwa ngumndeni wami yayinazo zonke izinhlelo, icacisa izici zento ngayinye. Lokhu kubonakale kukuhle kimi, hhayi ukuthi ngazi okuningi nge-elekthronikhi, kepha umbono olula wokwazi ukuthi uma okuthile okuphakathi lapho kungonakala ngingathenga okukushintshayo ngikushintshe ngiyithande! Ngandlela thile ngangizizwa NGIPHEPHILE!
    Ukugona
    nguSebha

    Phendula ku-sebastian
    1.    Uthingo lwenkosazana_fly kusho
      kwenza iminyaka 11

      I-xD ngingakuthanda lokho, usuku oluyisicefe lokubuka ithelevishini lungangibeka ukuthi ngiwabuyekeze lawo maphepha futhi ngifunde i-hardware xd encane

      Phendula ku-Rainbow_fly
  7.   I-BackToSchool kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 11

    Sawubona!
    Ingabe kukhona iselula enezici zamanje ezisuselwa kwihardware yamahhala?
    Ngangithenga eyodwa ngibheke phansi.

    Phendula ku-BackToSchool
  8.   I-VaryHeavy kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 11

    Yebo, kubukeka kungangabazeka kakhulu kimi indlela yokucabanga yalabo abenqabayo ukwandisa ulwazi ngenxa yenzuzo yezomnotho kuphela, okuholela ekukhuthazeni ubugovu obumsulwa nobulula ngenkathi kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kolwazi lomphakathi. Ngamanye amagama, kuyindlela yokucabanga yezinzalamizi.

    Phendula i-VaryHeavy
  9.   UJuan Guillermo Lopez kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 11

    Ngiyanibingelela nonke. Ngangingazi lutho ukuthi isihloko sami sasishicilelwe lapha DesdeLinux. Siyabonga nonke ngemibono kanye nentshisekelo ekuthuthukisweni kwesihloko.

    Ukubingelela okuvela eCuba

    Phendula uJuan Guillermo López
  10.   Ariel kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 10

    Kuyisiteji esihle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanolwazi oluncane noma abangenalo nhlobo i-elekthronikhi, okusondeza bonke laba bantu emhlabeni we-elekthronikhi ngemibono emihle.
    Kunamaphrojekthi amaningi alula futhi athakazelisayo angenziwa.
    Ngibhala nokuthile mayelana nale nkundla.
    http://blog.ars-electronica.com.ar/p/que-es-arduino.html

    Into ebaluleke kakhulu eyinikeze umfutho omkhulu ukusebenzisa ifilosofi yesoftware yamahhala kwi-hardware.
    Sanibonani.

    Phendula u-Ariel