componefs iwuhlelo olusha lwefayela oluhlongozwayo lwe-Linux
Muva nje izindaba zikuqedile lokho U-Alexander Larsson, umdali we-Flatpak e-Red Hat, unayo uthumele ukubuka kuqala kwamapeshi asebenzayo uhlelo lwefayela I-ComposeFS ye-Linux kernel.
Isistimu yefayela ehlongozwayo kufana nama-squashfs futhi ilungele ukukhweza izithombe ezifundwayo kuphela. Umehluko ukhuphukela ekhonweni le-ComposeFS lokwabelana ngokuphumelelayo ngokuqukethwe kwezithombe zamadiski afakwe ama-multiple kanye nosekelo lokuqinisekisa idatha efundekayo.
Izindawo zohlelo lokusebenza lapho i-ComposeFS ingase idingeke khona kukhwezwa izithombe zeziqukathi futhi kusetshenziswa inqolobane efana ne-OSTree efana ne-Git. Lokhu kuvumela amafayela okuqukethwe ukuthi kwabelwane ngawo phakathi kwezithombe, ngisho noma imethadatha (efana nezitembu zesikhathi noma ubunikazi befayela) ihluka phakathi kwezithombe.
I-ComposeFS isebenzisa imodeli yesitoreji samakheli esekwe kokuqukethwe, okungukuthi, isihlonzi esiyinhloko akulona igama lefayela, kodwa i-hash yokuqukethwe kwefayela. Le modeli inikeza ukuphindaphinda futhi ivumela ukugcina ikhophi eyodwa kuphela kwamafayela afanayo atholakala kuma-partitions afakwe ahlukene.
Empeleni, i-composefs iyindlela yokwakha nokusebenzisa izithombe zokufunda kuphela. ezisetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo nendlela ongayisebenzisa ngayo, isibonelo, i-loopback izithombe ze-squash. Ngaphezu kwalokhu okubhaliwe kunezisekelo ezimbili ezintsha izici. Okokuqala, ivumela idatha yefayela ukuthi yabiwe (kokubili kudiski nakuvuliwe inqolobane yekhasi) phakathi kwezithombe, futhi okwesibili une-dm-verity like funda ukuqinisekiswa.
Isibonelo, i izithombe zesiqukathi ziqukethe amafayela amaningi ajwayelekile uhlelo kanye ne-Composefs, ngalinye lalawa mafayela lizokwabelwa ngazo zonke izithombe ezikhweziwe, ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwamaqhinga afana nokudlulisela phambili ngezixhumanisi eziqinile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amafayela abelwe awagcini nje ukugcinwa njengekhophi eyodwa kudiski, kodwa futhi alawulwa ngokungena ku-cache yekhasi, okuvumela kokubili idiski ne-RAM ukuthi igcinwe.
I-Composefs futhi isekela ukuqinisekiswa kwe-fs-verrity kwamafayela okuqukethwe. Ngokusebenzisa lokhu, inhlabamkhosi yamafayela wokuqukethwe igcinwa esithombeni futhi okubhaliwe kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ifayela lokuqukethwe elilisebenzisayo linenhlabamkhosi ye-fs-verity enikwe amandla ukufanisa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi okuqukethwe okusekelayo akukwazi ukushintshwa nganoma iyiphi indlela (ngephutha noma ngonya) ngaphandle kokutholwa lapho ifayela lisetshenziswa.
Ungasebenzisa futhi i-fs-verity kufayela lesithombe ngokwalo futhi udlulise inhlabamkhosi ye-fs-verity elindelwe njengenketho yokukhweza, ezoqinisekiswa yi-composefs. Kulokhu, siqiniseka ngokugcwele kukho kokubili idatha kanye nemethadatha yefayela elikhweziwe. Lokhu kulungisa ubuthakathaka i-fs-verity enabo uma isetshenziswa iyodwa, ngoba ingaqinisekisa kuphela idatha yefayela, hhayi imethadatha.
Ukuze ulondoloze isikhala sediski, idatha nemethadatha kuhlukaniswa ngezithombe ezikhweziwe. Uma ikhweziwe, cacisa:
- Inkomba kanambambili equkethe yonke imethadatha yesistimu yefayela, amagama wamafayela, izimvume, nolunye ulwazi ngaphandle kokuqukethwe kwangempela kwamafayela.
- Inkomba eyisisekelo lapho kugcinwa khona okuqukethwe kwawo wonke amafayela esithombe akhweziwe. Amafayela agcinwa ngokuhlobene ne-hashi yokuqukethwe kwawo.
- Inkomba kanambambili yenzelwe isithombe ngasinye se-FS futhi uhla lwemibhalo oluyisisekelo luyafana kuzo zonke izithombe. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe okuqukethwe kwamafayela ngamanye kanye nesithombe sonke ngaphansi kwezimo zesitoreji esabiwe, indlela ye-fs-verity ingasetshenziswa, lapho, lapho kufinyelela amafayela, iqinisekise ukuthi ama-hash ashiwo kunkomba kanambambili ahambisana nokuqukethwe. real (okungukuthi, uma umhlaseli enza ushintsho kufayela kuhla lwemibhalo oluyisisekelo noma idatha yonakaliswa ngenxa yokwehluleka, ukubuyisana okunjalo kuzoveza umehluko).
ekugcineni uma ukhona unentshisekelo yokwazi okwengeziwe ngayo, ungabheka i- imininingwane kusixhumanisi esilandelayo.