I-FreeBSD isungulwe kahle njengohlelo lokwakha amaseva e-inthanethi ne-Intranet. Ihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zenethiwekhi ezithembeke ngokwanele kanye nokuphathwa kwememori okusebenzayo.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule zakhishwa izindaba ukuthi ikhodi eyisisekelo ye I-FreeBSD yamukele ukuqaliswa okusha kwephrothokholi yokuxhumana isixhumanisi (RFC 3549) esetshenziswa ku-Linux ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-kernel nezinqubo endaweni yomsebenzisi.
Umndeni wesokhethi isixhumanisi iyi-interface ye-Linux kernel lokho esetshenziselwa ukuxhumana kwe-interprocess (IPC) phakathi kwezinqubo ze-kernel ne-userspace naphakathi kwezinqubo ezahlukene zesikhala somsebenzisi, ezifana namasokhethi wesizinda se-Unix.
Ngokufanayo namasokhethi esizinda se-Unix futhi ngokungafani namasokhethi e-INET, ukuxhumana kwe-Netlink akukwazi ukweqa imingcele yokusingatha. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi amasokhethi wesizinda se-Unix esebenzisa i-namespace yesistimu yefayela, izinqubo ze-Netlink ngokuvamile zibhekwa yizihlonzi zenqubo (PIDs).
I-Netlink yakhelwe futhi isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ulwazi lwenethiwekhi oluxubile phakathi kwesikhala se-kernel nezinqubo zesikhala somsebenzisi. Izinsiza zenethiwekhi, njengomndeni we-iproute2 kanye nezinsiza ezisetshenziselwa ukulungisa amashayeli angenantambo asuselwa ku-mac80211, zisebenzisa i-Netlink ukuze uxhumane ne-Linux kernel endaweni yomsebenzisi. I-Netlink inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esisekelwe isokhethi esijwayelekile sezinqubo zesikhala somsebenzisi kanye ne-kernel-side API ukuze isetshenziswe ngaphakathi ngamamojula e-kernel. I-Netlink ekuqaleni ibisebenzisa i-AF_NETLINK umndeni wamasokhethi.
Kuze kube manje ngesimo sayo samanje, Isendlalelo sokusekela i-Netlink sivumela i-FreeBSD ukuthi isebenzise insiza ye-Linux ip yephakethe ye-iproute2 yokuphatha ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, ukusetha amakheli e-IP, ukulungisa umzila, nokukhohlisa izinto ze-nexhop ezigcina isimo esisetshenziselwa ukudlulisela iphakethe endaweni okuhlosiwe. Ngemva kokushintsha kancane amafayela enhlokweni, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa i-Netlink ephaketheni le-Bird lomzila.
Ukuqaliswa kwe-Netlink ye-FreeBSD ihlanganiswe njengemojula ye-kernel elayishekayo ukuthi, uma kungenzeka, ayithinti amanye amasistimu angaphansi e-kernel futhi idala imigqa yemisebenzi ehlukene (tasqueue) ukucubungula imilayezo engenayo ngephrothokholi futhi yenze imisebenzi ngemodi engavumelaniyo. Isizathu sokuthuthwa kwe-Netlink ukuntuleka komshini ojwayelekile ukusebenzisana ne-kernel subsystems, okuholela kumasistimu angaphansi ahlukene kanye nabashayeli ukuthi basungule amaphrothokholi abo.
isixhumanisi inikeza isendlalelo esihlanganisiwe sokuxhumana kanye nefomethi yomlayezo eyandiswayo engenza njengomuntu ophakathi ohlanganisa ngokuzenzakalela idatha ehlukene esuka emithonjeni ehlukene ibe isicelo esisodwa. Isibonelo, amasistimu angaphansi e-FreeBSD afana ne-devd, ijele, ne-pfilctl angathuthwa ku-Netlink, manje kusetshenziswa izingcingo zawo ze-ioctl, okuzokwenza kube lula kakhulu ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuze zisebenze nalezi zinhlelo ezingaphansi. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa i-Netlink ukuze uguqule izinto ze-nexthop namaqembu kusitaki somzila kuzovumela ukusebenzisana ngokuphumelelayo nezinqubo zomzila wesikhala somsebenzisi.
I-interface, amakheli, imizila, i-firewall, ama-fibs, ama-vnets, njll. alawulwa nge-netlink. Kuyiphrothokholi ye-asynchronous esekelwe ku-TLV ehlinzeka ngokuxhumana oku-1-1 kanye no-1-okuningi. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kusekela isethi engaphansi yomndeni we-NETLINK_ROUTE. Ukuqaliswa kuphinde kuhambisane nohlaka lomndeni lwe-NETLINK_GENERIC.
Izici ezisetshenziswayo njengamanje:
- Thola ulwazi mayelana nemizila, izinto ze-nexhops namaqembu, inethiwekhi yokuxhumana, amakheli nababungazi abangomakhelwane (arp/ndp).
- Ukwakhiwa kwezaziso mayelana nokubukeka nokunqanyulwa kwezixhumi ezibonakalayo zenethiwekhi, ukumiswa nokususwa kwamakheli, ukungezwa nokususwa kwemizila.
- Engeza futhi ukhiphe imizila, izinto ezilandelayo ze-hop namaqembu, amasango, izixhumanisi zenethiwekhi.
- Ukuhlanganiswa nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-Rtsock ukuphatha ithebula lomzila.
Kuhle ukusho ukuthi kuze kube manje iphrojekthi ikhawulelwe ekusekeleni umndeni we-NETLINK_ROUTE wemisebenzi yokuphatha isimo sesistimu engaphansi yenethiwekhi ku-kernel.
Ekugcineni, uma unentshisekelo yokwazi okwengeziwe ngakho, ungaxhumana nemininingwane ku- isixhumanisi esilandelayo.