Guqula i-Raspberry Pi yakho ibe yindawo yokungena engenantambo

En isihloko esidlule sikhulume ngeDietPi uhlelo lwe-Raspberry Pi yethu ukuthi ngaphezu kokuba nomphakathi omkhulu kunezinhlelo nezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene.

Phakathi kwakho ongaguqula i-Raspberry Pi yakho ibe yisikhungo semultimedia, i-retro game console, iseva ye-NAS phakathi kwezinye izinto.

Manje kulokhu sizobona ukuthi singayisebenzisa kanjani i-Raspberry Pi yethu njengendawo yokungena engenantambo.

Ukuguqula i-Raspberry Pi ibe yindawo yokungena engenantambo

Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu, Kuyadingeka ukuthi kube nohlelo lokusebenza ku-Raspberry yethu, ngakho-ke uhlelo olusemthethweni luphelele kulo.

Into yokuqala okufanele siyenze ukuvuselela uhlelo lwethu, ngoba lokhu esigungwini esizokuthayipha imiyalo elandelayo:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Uma lokhu sekuqedile, sizoqala kabusha idivayisi yethu, ukuze noma yiziphi izinguquko ezenziwe zigcinwe.

Emuva ohlelweni, ake siqhubeke ukufaka i-hostapd, i-dnsmasq ne-bridge-utils, Lezi yizinhlelo ezimbili esizozisebenzisa ukwenza i-Raspberry Pi yethu ibe yindawo yokungena engenantambo.

Ngakho-ke, ukuyifaka, vele uvule i-terminal futhi kuyo sizothayipha imiyalo elandelayo.

sudo apt-get install hostapd
sudo apt-get install dnsmasq
sudo apt-get install bridge-utils

Isethaphu

Uma ukufakwa kwalokhu sekwenziwe, sizohlela amafayela wokumisa ezinhlelo ngakho-ke kufanele simise izinsizakalo zabo nge:

sudo systemctl stop hostapd
sudo systemctl stop dnsmasq

Manje siqhubeka nokuhlela ifayela elilandelayo:

sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf

Manje njengoba sekufayeleni, engeza imigqa elandelayo ekugcineni:

interfaz wlan0
static ip_address = 192.168.0.10/24
denyinterfaces eth0
denyinterfaces wlan0

Lapha kulokhu esikubekayo, sicabanga ukuthi sinamakheli we-IP wendawoNgaphezu kwalokho, isikhombimsebenzisi sethu senethiwekhi sinamagama ajwayelekile hhayi amanye.

Ngemuva kwalokho, cindezela u-Ctrl + O, bese u-Ctrl + X ukusindisa ifayela bese uphuma kusihleli.

Lungiselela iseva ye-DHCP (dnsmasq)

Sizosebenzisa i-dnsmasq njengeseva yethu ye-DHCP. Umqondo wesiphakeli se-DHCP ukusabalalisa ngamandla amapharamitha wokumiswa kwenethiwekhi, njengamakheli e-IP, ezinhlakeni nasezinsizakalweni.

Ake siqambe kabusha ifayela lokumisa elizenzakalelayo bese sibhala elisha:

sudo mv /etc/dnsmasq.conf /etc/dnsmasq.conf.back
sudo nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf

Kufayela elisha sizobhala le migqa yokuhlela:

interface=wlan0
dhcp-range=192.168.0.11,192.168.0.30,255.255.255.0,24h

Imigqa esiyingezayo isho ukuthi sizonikeza amakheli we-IP phakathi I-192.168.0.11 ne-192.168.0.30 yesixhumi esibonakalayo se-wlan0. Siyavala bese sigcina ifayili.

Y manje sizokwakha elinye ifayela elisha lokumisa, lokhu sikwenza ngokuthayipha umyalo olandelayo:

sudo nano /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf

Ngaphakathi kuyo sizobeka okulandelayo:

interface=wlan0
bridge=br0
hw_mode=g
channel=5
wmm_enabled=0
macaddr_acl=0
auth_algs=1
ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
wpa=2
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
wpa_pairwise=TKIP
rsn_pairwise=CCMP
ssid=”Nombre-que-le-daras-a-tu-punto-de-acceso”
wpa_passphrase=”La-contraseña”

Lapho bazohlela khona kuphela imigqa emibili yokugcina, ngoba lapha bazobeka igama abazolinika indawo yabo yokufinyelela kanye ne-password yabo, ngaphandle kwe - "".

Uma sekuhleliwe sizonga futhi sivale izinguquko. Futhi manje ake sivule leli fayela elilandelayo:

sudo nano /etc/default/hostapd

Kuleli fayela, funa umugqa othi # DAEMON_CONF = ”” - susa lokho # bese ubeka indlela eya kufayela lethu lokumisa kuzilinganiso, ngakho-ke kubukeka kanjena:

DAEMON_CONF = "/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf"

Lungiselela ukudluliswa kwethrafikhi

Umqondo lapha ukuthi lapho bexhuma, ithrafikhi idluliswa ngekhebula labo le-Ethernet. Ngakho-ke, kuzodingeka ukuthi sithumele i-WLAN ngekhebula le-Ethernet kwimodemu yakho. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlela elinye ifayela lokumisa:

sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf

Manje thola lo mugqa:

# net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

Futhi susa "#", gcina bese usondela kufayela.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufaka umthetho omusha we-iptables, bese:

sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
sudo sh -c "iptables-save > /etc/iptables.ipv4.nat"
iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.ipv4.nat

Nika amandla ukuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi

Manje i-Raspberry Pi isebenza njengendawo yokufinyelela amanye amadivayisi angaxhuma kuyo. Kodwa-ke, lawo madivayisi awakwazi ukusebenzisa iPi ukufinyelela i-inthanethi. Ukwenza lokhu kwenzeke, sidinga ukwakha ibhuloho elidlula wonke umgwaqo ophakathi kwe-wlan0 ne-eth0 interface.

Silungele ukufaka ibhuloho elisha (elibizwa nge-br0):

sudo brctl addbr br0

Okulandelayo, sizoxhuma isikhombimsebenzisi se-eth0 kubhuloho lethu:

sudo brctl addif br0 eth0

Ekugcineni, asihlele ifayili le-interface bese sengeza imigqa elandelayo ekugcineni kwefayela:

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
auto br0
iface br0 inet manual
bridge_ports eth0 wlan0

Siqala kabusha i-Raspberry Pi yethu futhi yilokho kuphela.