Lungiselela Ubuntu (noma enye i-distro) yokuthuthuka kwewebhu

Ngaphandle kwezinsumansumane, izinkolelo noma umbono wokuthi i-GNU / Linux inzima ukuyisebenzisa, ngicabanga ukuthi luhlelo oluhle kakhulu Lokusebenza kulabo abangonjiniyela, ikakhulukazi abathuthukisi bewebhu.

Ngibe nethuba lokuxoxa nabantu abaningi abathanda OS X futhi ngisho Windows ukuthuthuka, njengoba besho, ngenxa yokulula kwayo namathuluzi ayo, futhi yize kungumbono womuntu ngamunye, ngikholwa ukuthi noma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa kwe-GNU / Linux noma okungenani okuthandwa kakhulu, kunikela ngakho konke okudingayo ukukufaka nokusebenza.

[quote] Ukusabalalisa okudume kakhulu kunikela ngawo wonke amaphakheji adingekayo ezinqolobaneni zawo zonjiniyela wewebhu. [/ quote]

Manje, enkingeni yokuthuthuka kunenkinga, ukusatshalaliswa okubuyekezwe kakhulu okufana ne- Antergos noma eyodwa egcina ibhalansi phakathi kwesitebhisi futhi esesikhathini njenge Ubuntu?

Ngibeka isibonelo esilula, ngenkathi ngingena ku- Ubuntu Othenjwayo inguqulo yakamuva ye I-Netbeans ingu-7.0.1, ku I-ArchLinux inguqulo 8.0.2 iyatholakala. Kwenzeka into efanayo nangokuthi I-NodeJS namanye amaphakheji esizowabona ngezansi asetshenziswa kakhulu yi- Ngaphambili.

Noma kunjalo, kuyisinqumo sawo wonke umuntu ukukhetha ukwabiwa kokuthandayo ngokuya komsebenzi okufanele wenziwe. Kule ndatshana, sizoqala kusuka ekufakweni kwe-Ubuntu, futhi njengoba kugxile kubasebenzisi abasha, sizokhombisa inqubo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

Faka Ubuntu 14.04

Into yokuqala esizoyenza ukulanda isithombe sokufaka Ubuntu kusuka kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni. Isixhumanisi esingezansi sizokuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ukuthi ufuna ukulanda i-iso engama-32-bit noma engama-64-bit.

Uma sesiyilanda, kufanele "sishise" i-DVD eneso elilandiwe noma silungiselele i-Flash memory ukuqala futhi siyifake kuyo. Ku-Windows singakwenza ngokulandela lo mhlahlandlela naku-Mac Lokhu okunye. Uma lokhu sekwenziwe, siqala kabusha i-PC bese siqala ngememori noma i-DVD.

Izinyathelo zokufaka ze-Ubuntu 14.04

Into yokuqala ukukhetha ulimi esifuna ukufaka ngalo Ubuntu:

Kamuva sizobona ukuthi sinazo zonke izidingo ezidingekayo zokufakwa:

Kamuva siyahlukanisa i-hard drive. Uma ungenalwazi ngalokhu, kungakuhle ukuthi ushiye yonke into njengokuzenzakalelayo uma usekele imininingwane yakho.

Sikhetha indawo yesikhathi:

Sikhetha ulimi lekhibhodi yethu:

Sichaza igama lethu lomsebenzisi, igama lekhompyutha yethu, iphasiwedi yethu:

Futhi silinde ukuthi liqede:

Lapho isifaki sesiqedile, siqala kabusha ikhompyutha bese sifaka iseshini yethu. Singasebenzisa i-Update Manager noma sivule i-terminal bese sibeka:

$ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

Futhi uma kungekho lutho lokuvuselela, singaqala.

Ilungiselela indawo yethu yokusebenza ukuze ihlolwe

Ngakho-ke, njengoba singonjiniyela, sifuna kuphela ukugxila kulokho esikwazi ukukwenza: ukuthuthukisa. Asinantshisekelo yokwazi ukuthi singamisa kanjani iseva yewebhu, noma ukuthi i-database isebenza kanjani, sifuna nje into esebenzayo futhi okulula ukuyisebenzisa ukuqala ukubhala ikhodi.

Ukube bekufanele sibhale kuphela nge-HTML, i-CSS, i-JS konke bekuzoba lula, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kufanele sibe nesiphakeli sokuhlola sekhodi ku-PHP, Ruby, DJango, njll. Ngakho-ke, kuyanconywa setha i-server yethu yewebhu. Ngenhlanhla yethu sinalesi sikhungo ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukene:

1. Usebenzisa isifaki I-XAMPP yini esihlinzekayo Apache.
2. Ukusebenzisa ISIBANI Bitnami.

Ukufaka iBitnami

Ukufakwa kwe-LAMP ngeBitnami sesivele sikubonile ku-athikili edlule, ngakho-ke ngeke kudingeke ukuyikhuluma kule ndatshana. Lapho iBitnami isifakiwe, singakwazi ukuphatha iseva yethu yokuhlola ngesiphequluli sewebhu.

Yonke imibhalo edingekayo yokuthi iBitnami isebenza kanjani ingatholakala ku- i-wiki yakhe.

Ukufakwa kwe-XAMPP

Isifaki se-XAMPP naso sivela eBitnami, kepha inqubo yokufaka ihluke kakhulu, ngakho-ke sizoyidlula igxathu negxathu. Into yokuqala eyiyo ukulanda ifayela elisithandayo ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kweprosesa yethu:

Uma sesilandile, sivula ukuphela bese sifinyelela ifolda lapho kukhona ifayela, esizonikeza kulo izimvume zokwenza. Endabeni yefayela le-64 Bit kungaba:

$ sudo chmod a+x xampp-linux-x64-5.5.19-0-installer.run

Manje ku-terminal efanayo siyayisebenzisa:

$ sudo ./xampp-linux-x64-5.5.19-0-installer.run

Futhi silandela lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo.

Emfanekisweni owedlule sibuze ukuthi ngabe sifuna ukufaka amafayili wabathuthukisi nakamuva, uma sivumelana nokukhetha esikukhethile.

Manje isibuza indlela lapho sifuna ukuyifaka khona (ngokuzenzakalela iku- / opt / lampp), futhi noma singayiguqula, ngincoma ukuyishiya njengoba injalo.

Isinyathelo esisodwa sokuhlola ngaphambi kokuqala ukufaka

Ukufaka i-XAMPP

Ukufaka kuqediwe.

Manje, ukuqala i-XAMPP kufanele sisebenzise nje:

$ sudo / opt / lampp / lampp qala Ukuqala i-XAMPP ye-Linux 5.5.19-0 ... XAMPP: Iqala i-Apache ... kulungile. I-XAMPP: Iqala i-MySQL ... kulungile. I-XAMPP: Ukuqala i-ProFTPD ... kulungile.

Ngale ndlela sesivele sine-server yethu ye-Apache + MySQL + PHP + Perl esebenzayo. Uma unenkinga, ngincoma ukuthi uvakashele imibuzo evame ukubuzwa.

I-DNS yangokwezifiso ne-Virtual Host ene-XAMPP

Ngokuthatha ukuthi sinamasayithi amaningana asingethwe kuseva yethu yokuhlola, singasetha ngalinye lawo ukuthi libukwe endaweni kufayela / njll / amabamba. Ake sithathe isibonelo, ake sithi sinesiza dev.tests.com, esikwenzayo ukuvula ifayela / njll / amabamba ngesihleli sethu sombhalo esithandayo (futhi njengezimpande) bese usifaka ngale ndlela elandelayo:

$ sudo vim /etc/hosts

futhi sengeza umugqa:

127.0.0.1   dev.prueba.com

Kepha-ke lokhu akwanele, ngoba kufanele sitshele i-Apache ukuthi lapho othile enza isicelo dev.test.com Ku-127.0.0.1, kufanele ubuyisele indawo yethu yokuhlola.

Sihlela ifayela /opt/lamp/etc/httpd.conf

$ sudo vim /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf

nokungahambi (ukususa uphawu lukakhilogremu) umugqa othi:

# Include etc/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

futhi sikushiya kanjena:

Include etc/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

Manje siya kufayela /opt/lamp/etc/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf okufanele ibe nokuthile okufana nalokhu:

# sebenzisa kuphela ukusingathwa kwegama okususelwa egameni ngakho iseva ayidingi ukukhathazeka ngamakheli e- # IP. Lokhu kukhonjiswa yizinkanyezi eziya ezinkomba ezingezansi. # # Sicela ubheke imibhalo ku- # # ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngaphambi kokuzama ukusetha ukusingathwa kwangempela. # # Ungasebenzisa inketho yomugqa womyalo '-S' ukuqinisekisa ukumiswa kwakho kwe-host host #. # # Isibonelo se-VirtualHost: # Cishe noma yisiphi isiqondisi se-Apache singangena esitsheni seVirtualHost. # Isigaba sokuqala se-VirtualHost sisetshenziselwa zonke izicelo ezingahambisani ne- # ServerName noma i-ServerAlias ​​kunoma iyiphi i-block. # I-ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com DocumentRoot "/opt/lampp/docs/dummy-host.example.com" ServerName dummy-host.example.com ServerAlias ​​www.dummy-host.example.com ErrorLog "izingodo / idummy -host.example.com-error_log "CustomLog" logs / dummy-host.example.com-access_log "ejwayelekile I-ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host2.4.example.com i-DocumentRoot "/opt/lampp/docs/dummy-host80.example.com" ServerName dummy-host80.example.com ErrorLog "izingodo / dummy-host2.example.com-error_log" CustomLog "izingodo / i-dummy-host2.example.com-access_log" ejwayelekile

Siyayiguqula futhi siyishiye ngale ndlela:

# sebenzisa kuphela ukusingathwa kwegama okususelwa egameni ngakho iseva ayidingi ukukhathazeka ngamakheli e- # IP. Lokhu kukhonjiswa yizinkanyezi eziya ezinkomba ezingezansi. # # Sicela ubheke imibhalo ku- # # ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngaphambi kokuzama ukusetha ukusingathwa kwangempela. # # Ungasebenzisa inketho yomugqa womyalo '-S' ukuqinisekisa ukumiswa kwakho kwe-host host #. # # Isibonelo se-VirtualHost: # Cishe noma yisiphi isiqondisi se-Apache singangena esitsheni seVirtualHost. # Isigaba sokuqala se-VirtualHost sisetshenziselwa zonke izicelo ezingahambisani ne- # ServerName noma i-ServerAlias ​​kunoma iyiphi i-block. # I-DocumentRoot "/ ikhaya / indlela / ifolda / iphrojekthi /" i-ServerName my_blog.dev Dinga konke okunikezwe

Ngokusobala, indlela eya kufolda yethu yephrojekthi kufanele icaciswe lapho kufakwa enye indawo "/ Ikhaya / indlela / ifolda / iphrojekthi /".

Ukufakwa kweLAMP Manual

Manje, yize kungahle kungabonakali njengokufana nakho, ngicabanga ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukufaka ngendlela eyedlule kunokufaka amaphakheji ngqo kusuka ezinqolobaneni zethu. Ukuze sibe ne-Stack efanayo ku-PC yethu kufanele sivule ukuphela bese sibeka:

$ sudo apt install apache2 mysql-server-5.5 phpmyadmin

Ngala mapakeji ama-3 kuphela, kuzofakwa ukuncika okudingekayo ukuqala ukusebenza ngobuncane obudingekayo lapho kuthuthukiswa.

I-DNS yangokwezifiso ne-Virtual Host nge-LAMP

Engxenyeni ye-DNS (i-Domain Name Server) sigcina yonke into ifana, okungukuthi, sifaka amagama amasayithi ethu wokuhlola efayeleni / njll / amabamba. Manje, endabeni ye-Apache, indlela yeVHost (Virtual Hosts) yehlukile.

Imvamisa okwenziwayo ukubeka lokho esikufaka kufayela /opt/lamp/etc/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf emzileni /etc/apache2/sites-available/vhostname.conf, bese isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso senziwa kulelo fayela kufolda / njll / apache2 / amasayithi anikwe amandla / kepha ngeke senze inkinga. Sizofaka ngqo ifayili ku- / njll / apache2 / amasayithi anikwe amandla / ngokulungiswa okulandelayo:

$ sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/dev.prnza.com.conf I-DocumentRoot "/ ikhaya / indlela / ifolda / iphrojekthi /" i-ServerName my_blog.dev Dinga konke okunikezwe

Ngicabanga ukuthi kuvumelekile ukucacisa ukuthi lapho sifaka ngesandla, indlela ezenzakalelayo yamafolda ewebhusayithi iyi / var / www / http /.

Ukufakwa kweNodeJS neRuby

Uma sisebenzisa I-NodeJS o Ruby (esikhundleni se-PHP ne-Perl) singafaka mathupha amaphakheji ngokwenza ikhonsoli:

$ sudo apt install nodejs ruby

Futhi uma bedinga amanye amaphakheji, kufanele bakuthole ngokusebenzisa umphathi wephakheji noma kukhonsoli:

$ sudo apt search paquete a buscar

Kuze kube yile ngxenye sesivele sinengxenye eseceleni eseva isilungele i-sandbox yethu, manje ake sibone ezinye zezinhlelo zokusebenza esingazisebenzisa.

Amathuluzi wokuthuthukisa iwebhu

Ezinqolobaneni sinezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizosivumela ukuthi sisebenze ngokunethezeka uma kukhulunywa nge-HTML, CSS, JS nezinye. Phakathi kwabo sine:

• Kulungile
• UGeany
• I-Gedit
• Kate

Ukuba I-Bluefish (ngombono wami) okuphelele kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngokusebenza Ngaphambili, kepha ngincoma ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivela eceleni ezisinikeza ukusebenza okuningi. Sinesibonelo Abakaki, I-SublimeText o Komodo-Hlela. Zonke lezi zinhlelo zinephakheji yazo yokufaka Ubuntu, ngaphandle kweKomodo-Hlela, okumele ivulwe uziphu bese isebenza ifayela le- .sh.

(… Kuyaqhubeka…)