Ungayakha kanjani ivolumu eyisisekelo ye-LVM kunoma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux?

I-LVM (eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-Logical Volume Management), ngumphathi wevolumu enengqondo evumela abasebenzisi beLinux ukuthi bandise, banciphise futhi bashintshe ukwahlukanisa kuma-hard drive ngesikhathi sangempela, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwehlisa uhlelo lwefayela.

Ngendlela eyenziwe lula singasho ukuthi i-LVM ungqimba lokukhipha phakathi kwedivayisi yokugcina nohlelo lwefayela.

Kulesi sifundo sizobona ukuthi singakwenza kanjani ukumisa okuyisisekelo kwe-LVM ku-Linux.

Ukuze ukwazi ukudala ivolumu ye-LVM kusho ukusula idatha, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuqala, kufanele wakhe isipele sohlelo noma mhlawumbe ungenza lo msebenzi kumshini obonakalayo ukuze ungafaki idatha yakho engozini.

Lesi akusona isexwayiso esilula, njengoba yonke imininingwane kwi-hard drive izosuswa ngokuphelele, yingakho udinga ukwenza le nqubo ku-LIVE system noma kwenye i-hard drive.

Faka i-LVM2

Manje njengoba idatha yakho iphephe ngokuphelele futhi uyazi ukuthi kungenzeka ulahlekelwe yimininingwane yakho (yingakho kunesidingo sokwenza isipele kwedatha).

Singaqhubeka nokufaka i-LVM ohlelweni lwethu, ngoba lokhu sizovula i-terminal futhi kuyo sizokwenza umyalo olandelayo ngokusabalalisa esikusebenzisayo.

Ku-Debian, Ubuntu kanye nokuphuma kokunye:

sudo apt-get install lvm2*

Ku-Arch Linux, Manjaro, Antergos kanye nokuphuma kokunye:

sudo pacman -S lvm2

OkweFedora nokutholakala kwayo

sudo dnf install lvm2*

Ku-OpenSUSE

sudo zypper instalar lvm2

Ilungiselela abezindaba

Manje sine-lvm ohlelweni lwethu, ake siqhubeke nokuthola ukufinyelela kwezimpande nge:

sudo -s

Uma lokhu sekwenziwe, kufanele sakhe ivolumu esizoyisebenzisa ne-LVM ohlelweni lwethu, ngoba lokhu sizosebenzisa ithuluzi le-cfdisk:

cfdisk /dev/sdX

Lapha sizosusa zonke izingxenye kudiski (yingakho i-bakcup yaxwayiswa).

Lapho zonke izingxenye zingasekho, manje sesizokhetha inketho yokuthi "okusha" ukudala ukwahlukanisa okusha kudiski, sebenzisa yonke i-hard disk.

Manje sizokhetha u- "primary" bese umane ushaye u-enter. Bese ukhetha inketho «Thayipha» futhi lapha kufanele uthole bese ukhetha inketho "Linux LVM"

Lapho beqeda le nqubo, kufanele bachofoze ku- "bhala" bese ekugcineni bachofoze ekuphumeni. Ngaphambi kokuthi senze imiqulu yethu enengqondo ye-LVM bese siyifometha, kufanele sakhe ivolumu ebonakalayo ye-LVM.

Ukwakha amavolumu e-LVM ku-Linux kwenziwa ngethuluzi le-pvcreate. Ku-terminal, sizokhipha umyalo we-pvcreate kanye nokwahlukanisa esisanda kukudala, kufanele kubukeke okufana nalokhu:

pvcreate /dev/sda1

Manje sesingaqinisekisa ukwenziwa kwevolumu ye-LVM ngomyalo:

lsblk

Dala iqembu levolumu ye-LVM

Manje njengoba sesinokulungiselelwa kwevolumu ebonakalayo ye-LVM, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukudala iqembu levolumu ye-LVM.

Ukuze ukwazi ukudala okusha, vele usebenzise umyalo we-vgcreate kanye nendlela yokwahlukanisa, kulokhu sizoyibiza ngokuthi “ivolumu-lvm” kepha ungakushintsha lokhu kumyalo:

vgcreate -s 16M volumen-lvm /dev/sda1

Lungiselela amavolumu anengqondo we-LVM

Amanani anengqondo kulapho yonke idatha igcinwa khona ku-LVM. Ukwenza ivolumu entsha enengqondo ku-LVM, sisebenzisa umyalo olandelayo, ngokwesibonelo, ukwakha ivolumu enengqondo engu-80 GB, kungaba kanjena:

lvcreate -L 80G -n lvm1 volumen-lvm

I-syntax eyisisekelo yokwakha imiqulu enengqondo yile:

lvcreate -L espacioengigasG -n logicvolumename logicvolumegroup

Ekugcineni kufanele siqhubeke nokunikeza ifomethi kuvolumu enengqondo eyenziwe, ngoba lokhu kufanele sizibeke kule ndlela elandelayo:

cd /dev/mapper

Futhi lapha singakhipha i-ls, ukubheka ukuthi ivolumu yethu ilapha:

ls

Uma sekuqinisekisiwe, siyaqhubeka nokufometha ivolumu nge:

mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/volumen-lvm-lvm1

Uma lokhu sekwenziwe, singaphuma empandeni ngokuthayipha ukuphuma, futhi manje sizoqhubeka nokufaka ivolumu ngemiyalo elandelayo:

mkdir /mnt/vfs/
sudo mount /dev/mapper/volumen-lvm-lvm1 /mnt/vfs/
cd /mnt/vfs/