Ungawakha kanjani umhubhe weSSH phakathi kwesiphakeli seLinux kanye neklayenti leWindows

Umqondo wokwakha i- Umhubhe we-SSH ukubethela konke ukuxhumana (noma ngabe, ngokwesibonelo, uma uya ekhasini le-https noma le-http) bese uxhuma ku Internet ngokusebenzisa a isiteshi esiphephile. Lesi siteshi "esiphephile" simane nje siyi- iseva kumiselwe le nhloso. Le seva kungenzeka, ngokwesibonelo, isendlini yakho.

Okubi "kwale ndlela ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele uvulwe futhi ulungiswe kahle ukuze usebenze njengeseva ye-SSH, kepha ikuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise kakhulu ukuphepha koxhumano lwakho futhi uvikele nemikhawulo yokuxhunyaniswa ebekwe abaphathi benethiwekhi (isibonelo, umsebenzi wakho).

Ngiyakuzwa ubuza: ngabe lokhu kungangisiza ngempela? Ake sicabangele lesi simo esilandelayo: uku-cafe ye-inthanethi noma indawo yokudlela ene-Wi-Fi yamahhala futhi udinga ukudlulisa imali ebhange noma omunye umsebenzi obalulekile. Vele, kuhlale kunconywa ukwenza lezi zinhlobo zokuthengiselana endaweni ephephile. Kodwa-ke, kunesixazululo: umhubhe we-SSH. Ngale ndlela, singaxhuma kwi-Intanethi ngeseva yethu "ephephile".

Le ndlela iyasiza futhi ekugwemeni imikhawulo ebekiwe ekuxhumaneni kwezindawo eziningi zomsebenzi. Awukwazi ukufinyelela ku-YouTube kusuka emsebenzini? Yebo, umhubhe we-SSH ungaba yisixazululo, ngoba zonke izicelo zizokwenziwa ngeseva yakho "ephephile". Ngamanye amagama, njengoba i-IP yeseva yakho evikelekile ingavinjelwe (yebo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-YouTube) uzokwazi "ukugwema" lo mkhawulo (ukungakwazi ukufinyelela ku-YouTube) kusukela kumlawuli wenethiwekhi yenkampani yakho umshini wakho ubukade uxoxa neseva yakho "ephephile" futhi awazi ukuthi ngayo empeleni upheqa amakhasi amaningi.

Kulesi sifundo sizochaza icala "elijwayelekile": iseva ye-Linux, iklayenti leWindows.

Lungiselela iseva ye-Linux

1.- Faka iseva ye-SSH. Ukwenza lokhu, ngavula ukuphela futhi ngagijima:

En Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get ukufaka i-opensh-server

En Arch:

pacman -S kuvuleka

En Fedora:

yum -y ukufaka i-openssh-server

Ilungile. Manje uzokwazi ukufinyelela Ubuntu (iseva ye-SSH) ngeklayenti le-SSH.

2.- Uma sekufakiwe, kuyasiza ukubuyekeza ifayili lokumisa:

I-sudo nano / etc / ssh / sshd_config

Kuleli fayela uzokwazi ukumisa iseva yakho ye-SSH ngokukhululeka. Isincomo sami ukuguqula kuphela amapharamitha ama-2: imbobo nabavumeli.

Ukugwema ukuhlaselwa okungenzeka, kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe ichweba elizosetshenziswa yi-SSH. Ngokuzenzakalelayo kuza nenani lama-22, ungakhetha okunye okukufanele kakhulu (ngezinhloso zalesi sifundo sikhethe u-443 kepha kungaba yinoma yini enye).

Ipharamitha ye-Allowusers ikuvumela ukuthi unqande ukufinyelela ngomsebenzisi futhi, ngokuzikhethela, umgcini lapho ungaxhuma khona. Isibonelo esilandelayo sivimbela ukufinyelela kuseva ye-SSH ukuze kube abasebenzisi be-so-and-so kuphela abangakwenza lokho kusuka kubabungazi 10.1.1.1 no-10.2.2.1.

Vumela Abasebenzisi ukuthi nokuthi njalo@10.1.1.1 mengano@10.1.1.1 kanjalo nokuthi so@10.2.2.1 mengano@10.2.2.1

Lungiselela irutha

Uma kwenzeka iseva yakho ingemuva komzila, kuyadingeka ukumisa okwakamuva ukuze kungavimbeli ukuxhumana okungenayo. Ngokuqondile, kufanele ulungiselele.

Ngaphambi kokuya ephuzwini futhi ukhombise ukucushwa okudingekayo kubonakala kukuhlakanipha ukuchaza kancane ukuthi ukudluliswa kwetheku kuqukethe ini.

Ake sithi unenethiwekhi yendawo yemishini emi-3, yonke ingemuva komzila. Ukuxhumana okungenayo (kusuka ku-SSH, njengoba kungaba njalo kithi) ukuxhumana kanjani nomshini 1 kunethiwekhi yethu yasendaweni? Ungakhohlwa ukuthi "ngaphandle" imishini emi-3, yize inama-IP endawo, yabelana nge-IP eyodwa yomphakathi abaxhumeka ngayo kwi-Intanethi.

Isixazululo sale nkinga eshiwo ngenhla ukuthunyelwa kwetheku. Ngale ndlela, lapho ukuxhumana okungenayo kutholwa ku-port X ye-IP yethu yomphakathi, i-router izoyithumela kumshini ohambisanayo. Ngale ndlela, noma nini lapho sixhuma kulelo chweba, siyazi ukuthi i-router izosiqondisa kabusha (yingakho idlulisela phambili) kumshini ohambisanayo. Konke lokhu, ngokusobala, kufanele kulungiselelwe ku-router.

Ukucushwa kokudlulisa imbobo kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngomzila owusebenzisayo. Okusebenziseka kakhulu ukuvakashela portirect.com, khetha imodeli ye-router oyisebenzisayo bese ulandela izinyathelo ezichazwe lapho.

Lungiselela iklayenti leWindows

Ukuxhuma kusuka ku-Windows kuyenzeka ukusebenzisa ithuluzi le-PuTTY njengeklayenti le-SSH.

1.- Isinyathelo sokuqala ukulanda i-PuTTY

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona ekhasini lokulanda le-PuTTY, kunezinguqulo eziningana ezitholakalayo. Ngincoma ukulanda inguqulo ephathekayo yohlelo: putty.exe. Ubuhle bokukhetha inguqulo ephathekayo ngukuthi ungahlala uthwala nawe nge-pendrive bese usebenzisa uhlelo kusuka kunoma iyiphi ikhompyutha, noma ukuphi.

2.- Vula i-PuTTY bese ucacisa i-IP (yomphakathi) kanye nechweba leseva lapho iklayenti le-SSH kufanele lixhume khona. Ungayithola kanjani i-IP yomphakathi yeseva yakho? Kulula, vele u-google "yini ip yami yomphakathi" ukuthola izinkulungwane zamakhasi ahlinzeka ngale nsizakalo.

3.- Uma kwenzeka "iklayenti" lingemuva kommeleli, ungakhohlwa ukulilungiselela kahle. Uma kwenzeka ungaqiniseki ukuthi iyiphi idatha ongayifaka, vula i-Internet Explorer bese uya Kumathuluzi> Ukuxhuma> Izilungiselelo ze-LAN> Okuthuthukile. Kopisha bese unamathisela idatha evela lapho ku-PuTTY, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka ukuthi ufake igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi.

4.- Kuyadingeka ukufaka imininingwane "yokudlulisa" kwasendaweni "yokwakha umhubhe we-SSH. Iya ku-Connection> SSH> Imigudu. Lapha umqondo olandelayo, kufanele sitshele i-PuTTY ukuthi yikuphi ukuxhumana ukuze "kuphambukise" kuseva yethu evikelekile. Ukuze senze lokhu, kufanele sikhethe itheku.

Isincomo sami, ikakhulukazi uma umshini ungemuva kommeleli, ukuthi ukhethe i-port 443 ngoba iyona esetshenziswa yi-SSL ukwenza ukuxhumana okuphephile, okuzokwenza kube nzima ngomlawuli ukuthola okwenzayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, itheku 8080 yilona elisetshenziswa yi-HTTP (okungelona uxhumano "oluphephile") ngakho-ke umphathi wenethiwekhi onolwazi angahle asole futhi angahle avimbe netheku kwezinye izinhlobo zokuxhumana.

Ekufikeni, faka kabusha i-IP yeseva ephephile, ilandelwe ikholoni nembobo oyivule kuchashazi elinesihloko esithi "Lungiselela i-router" nakwifayela le- ~ / .ssh / config. Isibonelo, 192.243.231.553:443.

Khetha i-Dynamic (ezokwakha ukuxhumana kwe-SOCKS, esizoyisebenzisa ephuzwini elilandelayo) bese uqhafaza u-Faka.

5.- Ngabuyela esikrinini esikhulu se-PuTTY, ngachofoza ku-Gcina bese ngivula. Isikhathi sokuqala lapho uxhuma kwiseva, kuzovela umlayezo wokuxwayisa onjengalona ongezansi:

6.- Ngemuva kwalokho, izocela igama lakho lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi ngokufinyelela kuseva.

Uma konke kuhambe kahle, lapho ukungena sekuphelile, kufanele ubone okuthile okufana nalokhu okubonayo ngezansi ...

7.- Ekugcineni, ngaphandle kokuvala i-PuTTY, vula futhi ulungiselele i-Firefox (noma isiphequluli sakho osithandayo) ukuxhuma kwi-Intanethi nge-PuTTY.