ilogo ye-intel
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, kwavela izindaba zokuthi i-Intel yethule ukwakheka kweprosesa ye-x86S okulula (ukulula kwe-x86) okusebenzisa imodi ye-64-bit kuphela futhi ongasekeli imiqondo yesikhathi esidlule.
Ngalolu hlaka olusha lwe-x86S, i-Intel isusa ukwesekwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-16-bit kanye ne-32-bit, kodwa kuthiwa zingaqhutshwa nge-virtualization , ngakho-ke ikhono lokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-32-bit endaweni yokusebenza yesistimu ye-64-bit lizogcinwa.
Impilo ende yokwakhiwa kwe-Intel® ibe nomphumela wohlelo lwe-software olucebile olunesisekelo esikhulu esifakiwe esisuka kuma-PC siye emafini, siye kumadivayisi eselula, kusukela kumadivayisi ashumekiwe kuye kumakhompyutha amakhulu nangale kwalokho.
Selokhu yethulwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-20 edlule, izakhiwo ze-Intel® 64 seziphenduke imodi yokusebenza ehamba phambili. Njengesibonelo salokhu kuguquka, iMicrosoft yayeka ukuthumela inguqulo yayo ye-32-bit Windows 11. I-firmware ye-Intel ayisasekeli amasistimu wokusebenza okungewona we-UEFI64 ngokwemvelo. Amasistimu wokusebenza we-64-bit ayindinganiso ye-de facto namuhla. Bagcina ikhono lokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingu-32-bit, kodwa bayekile ukusekela izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-16-bit ngokwemvelo.
Amaprosesa anomklamo omusha azoqala ngokushesha kwimodi ye-64-bit , ngaphandle kokudlula ku-intermediate switch kuya kumamodi we-16-bit kanye ne-32-bit ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqalisa. I-x86S iphinde isebenzise ikhono lokushintshela ekusebenziseni isakhiwo sethebula lekhasi lememori elisezingeni eli-5 ngaphandle kokukhubaza kuqala i-paging kanye nokweqa ukushintshela kwimodi engenakhasi.
Imiklamo ye-Intel 64 yezakhiwo iphuma ekuqaliseni kabusha isesimweni esifanayo nese-8086 yasekuqaleni futhi idinga uchungechunge lokuguqulwa kwekhodi ukuze ingene kumodi engu-64-bit. Uma sezisebenza, lezi zindlela azisetshenziswa izinhlelo zokusebenza zesimanje noma amasistimu wokusebenza.
Ukwakhiwa kwemodi ye-64-bit kuphela kuzodinga ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-64-bit obusebenza kwimodi yangempela noma kwimodi evikelwe njengamanje.
Izici ezilandelayo zokwakheka kwe-x86S ziyagqama:
- Ukuphela kosekelo lokukhuluma nge-16-bit kanye nekhono lokuchaza kabusha usayizi wekheli.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemodeli yengxenye yememori ye-64-bit eyenziwe lula ukuze kusekelwe ukusingathwa kwesegimenti ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezingama-32-bit, okuhambisana nomkhuba osetshenziswa kumasistimu wokusebenza wesimanje.
- Ukusekelwa kwedrophu kwezindandatho zonogada ezi-1 nezi-2, ezingasetshenziswa kusofthiwe yesimanje.
- Ukuphela kosekelo lwemodi engu-32-bit kusiqaphi esiyiziro.
- Ukususwa kwezindlela ezivikelwe ze-16-bit kanye ne-32-bit.
- Ukunqanyulwa kosekelo lokufinyelela kumachweba we-I/O kusukela kwendandatho yesi-3 yokuvikela.
- Ukuphela kosekelo lwemisebenzi yeyunithi yezinhlamvu enezimbobo zokufaka/zokuphumayo (INS/OUTS)
- Ukuphela kosekelo lwezilawuli eziphazamisayo ezingu-8259 kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezilawuli ezihlelekayo ze-X2APIC kuphela.
- Isusa amabhithi emodi yesistimu yokusebenza engasetshenzisiwe.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ku-Intel, ukugcina izidingo zehadiwe eziphelelwe yisikhathi kungathinta kakhulu ukwakheka kwedivayisi kanye nomklamo wayo. Isibonelo, ukuthuthukiswa kokuqalisa kanye nokusebenza kwekhodi akukwazi ukuqaliswa uma kuthinta kabi ukuhambisana nokubuyela emuva.
Elinye iphuzu ukuthi amadivayisi adinga ukuhambisana nokubuyela emuva kumele anikezele isikhala kwihadiwe endala, isikhala esingasetshenziswa kangcono yizisheshisi zehadiwe ezintsha kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza kwesikhathi. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kokuhambisana nokubuyela emuva kuzoba nemiphumela ebanzi kwihadiwe esetshenziswa emiklamo yesimanje.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphinde kushiwo ukuthi ukugcina ukuhambisana nezinguqulo zangaphambilini nakho kungabangela ubungozi bokuphepha ukuthi buqhubeke kumiklamo emisha. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi phakathi nenqubo yokuqalisa, lapho amasistimu wefa angase angasebenzisi izinqubo zokuphepha eziqinile, okuvumela noma iyiphi ikhodi enonya ukuthi isebenze.
Okokugcina, kushiwo ukuthi ushintsho ngeke luqede ngokuphelele ukusekelwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezindala. Njengoba inkampani isho encwadini, i-Intel inezindlela ezivuthiwe zokusebenzisa i-virtualization ezingase zivumele isofthiwe endala ukuthi iqale.
Uma unesithakazelo sokufunda okwengeziwe, ungathola imininingwane kusixhumanisi esilandelayo.