Latex, kunyora nekirasi (chikamu 2)

Tinoenderera mberi nekutumirwa LaTeX, iyo yakanakisa system kuumbwa kwemagwaro. Nhasi tichataura nezvazvo kugovera, vaparidzi uye mapakeji Izvo kudiwa kushanda neLaTeX.

LaTeX chishamiso chemakomputa, inogona kunge isiri chirongwa icho vese vashandisi vemakomputa vanoda, asi chero munhu anosarudza kupinda mukushandisa kwayo haazonyadziswa. Kana iwe, muverengi anodikanwa, wakarasikirwa nechikamu chekutanga, ndinokukoka kuti utarise usati watanga kuverenga gwaro iri.

Zvechiitiko isu tinofanirwa kunge tichiwedzera hunyanzvi, asi zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti zvese zvichaedza kubatwa nenzira yakasununguka kwazvo. Saka ngatitangei.

Kugoverwa? Ndizvo zvandiri kufunga here?

Kana iwe uri mushandisi weGNU / Linux (ungangove uri kana iwe ukaverenga iyi Blog) iwe unoziva kuti mu "nyika" yedu isu tine chirevo chaicho chekuparadzirwa kweshoko. Zvakanaka, zvinhu zviri kufamba nenzira imwe chete.

Iwe uchayeuka kuti muchikamu chekupedzisira isu takati LaTeX yaive seti yeTeX macros. Zvakanaka, LaTeX handiyo yega; Kune mamwe macro package akadai seConTeXt, XeTeX, LuaTeX, AMSTeX, teTeX, pakati pevamwe, vakazvarwa panguva iyoyo vaine chinangwa chakafanana neLaTeX chete nemasangano akasiyana nevanhu. Mune ese TeX moyo unorova wakasimba uye hapana anopokana zita rekuti "kuve nani pane" (Vashandisi veGNU / Linux vanocherekedza). Muchokwadi ivo vese vakanaka uye vanotokwanirana. Izvo zvisingaendi pasina kutaura, ndezve zvese, zvinonyanya kushandiswa ndiLaTeX.

Iye zvino LaTeX ichibva yatora mavhezheni kana kugovera izvo chinangwa chekutanga chaive chekutsigirwa pamapuratifomu akasarudzika uye kubatsira nenyaya yekugadzirisa package: TeX Rarama yeGNU / Linux, MiKTeX yeWindows, MacTeX (fungidzira kuti ndiani), nezvimwe. Asi nhasi unogona kunyatsoisa TeX Live paWindows uye MiKTeX paGNU / Linux.

Nezvinangwa zvakajairika isu tichaisa TeX Live mune yedu linux distro (ziva kuti kurodha pasi kunogona kutora nguva yakareba sezvo kungave mazana emamegabhayithi anodikanwa).

Kuiswa muUbuntu uye zvigadzirwa

sudo apt-tora kuisa texlive

(iri compact vhezheni)

ó

sudo apt-tora kuisa texlive-yakazara

(kuva nazvo nemapakeji ese anotsigirwa neti TeX Live nharaunda)

Kuisirwa pane Fedora

yum kuisa texlive

Para Arch Ini ndinokurudzira kutarisa peji rinotevera:

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/TeX_Live

Para zvimwe kugoverwa Ndinovimba mushandisi anowana ruzivo muWiki yeavo akasiyana distro. Chero zvazvingaitika, nekungoisa mupepeti, TeX Live inongotorwa pasi nekuiswa.

Mapakeji

LaTeX ndeye modular system, iyo inoita kuti inyatsoita (hongu, chimwe chinhu chakafanana nezvinoitika muGNU / Linux yedu) uye hazvishamise sezvo TeX neLaTeX vakazvarwa munzvimbo dzeUnix. Mapakeji ndeaya seti yemahara-akagadzwa mirairo yekufambisa mamwe mabasa (sekugadzira mifananidzo) uye kupa hunhu hwakakosha kugwaro (masitaera), ndiko kuti, kupa LaTeX simba rakakura uye chiyero. Kana kugovera kwaunoda kwaiswa, huwandu hwakanaka hwemapakeji hunowanikwa (zvirinani neizvi unogona kuita chero rakajairika-chinangwa basa) Nekudaro, iyo nhamba yemapakeji ayo anogona kuwanikwa paInternet inoyevedza (zviuru nezviuru, ese emahara).

Munguva pfupi tinozoona kuti mushandisi pabasa ndiye anosarudza kuti mapakeji api "ekukumbira" achishandisa mashoma mirairo, uye kunyangwe pakutanga nyaya yacho ichivhiringidza, pasina nguva zvinhu zvese zvinotanga kuwedzera "zvakasikwa".

Uye chii chandinonyora?

Iyo nyaya iyo kune vamwe yakanyanya kusimba inosvika. Iyo LaTeX mupepeti akasarudzwa ichave iyo Swiss Army banga remushandisi weistist, iyo yaachabatana nayo achishandisa zvakazara kugona kuzere kweLaTeX.

Kune akawanda, uyezve, kurongedza faira yeLaTeX chimwe chinhu chinogona kuitwa nechero zvinyorwa zvemavara. Asi isu tinodaidza vapepeti chete avo vanopa maturusi akakodzera ekuita zvese zvinodiwa nekuparadzirwa kwedu kweLaTeX.

Muzhinji hunhu hwevagadziri hwakafanana chaizvo. Ivo vanosiyana zvakanyanya padanho rerubatsiro kumushandisi, ndiko kuti, ivo vanobatsira zvakadii nekodhi, zviratidzo uye nevamwe. Heano mamwe acho:

Texmaker (http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/)

Ndicho chandinofarira. Sei? Iyo yakakwana kwazvo, ine yakachena uye ine hushamwari interface, ine varoyi uye auto-inopedzisa mirairo, iri nyore kugadzirisa uye inogoneka.

Kile (http://kile.sourceforge.net/)

Kana nharaunda yako iri KDE iwe unogona kufarira Kile. Zvakareruka uye zvakakwana kwazvo. Iine nhamba huru yevashandisi vanofara.

LaTeXila (http://projects.gnome.org/latexila/)
Iyo LaTeX yekushanda nharaunda asi yakagadzirirwa kusangana neGnome. Zviri nyore uye zvakakwana.

TeXworks (http://www.tug.org/texworks/)
Yakasimba kwazvo asi isingashandisi zvine ushamwari. Iyo inovandudzwa neTUG (TeX Users Boka, iro rakakosha musangano weTeX kuvandudza).

Gummi (http://dev.midnightcoding.org/projects/gummi)
Iyo yakapusa mupepeti iyo inofanirwa kutariswa. Iyo haina simba rakanyanya asi ine inonakidza ficha: mhedzisiro yezvakarongedzwa inogona kuonekwa munguva mu .pdf mune rezasi hwindo.

TeXstudio (http://texstudio.sourceforge.net/)
Iyo mupepeti unobva paTeXmaker uye mazuva ese inowana vazhinji vateveri. Iye ari TeXmaker pane steroids.

Luxury (http://www.lyx.org/WebEs.Home)

Kana iwe uchine kusava nechokwadi nezvekuyedza LaTeX nekuda kwekutya kodhi, LyX ndiyo mhinduro. Yake uzivi ndeyekuva WYSIWYM mupepeti (chenjera, haisi WYSIWYG) uye nekudaro ine hushamwari kusvika pakuchengeta kodhi, ichisunungura mushandisi kubva kune rakadai basa. Inowana vateveri nekukurumidza sekukura kwayo kukura. Iyo ine simba kwazvo uye zvirokwazvo iri nyore kushandisa.

Mazhinji evapepeti akanyorwa pamusoro ari mune dhatabhesi yezvakakurumbira zvekugovera.
Nezvinangwa zveichi gwaro isu tinoshandisa TeXmaker uye LyX.
Tinovaisa sei? Zvakanaka, mune software centre yeiyo distro iri mubvunzo, kana kana zvisiri, iwo mirairo inogona kuwanikwa pane yega yepamutemo peji.

Uye faira reLaTeX rinotaridzika sei?

Nguva yekutanga basa yave kusvika, uye tisati tatora nhanho yekutanga tinofanirwa kuziva zvatichawana. Takatotaura chimwe chinhu chakakosha kwazvo: isu tinosangana nekodhi (kunze kwekunge wafunga kuenda kudivi reLyX).

Simba rekodhi ndiyo musimboti weLaTeX (zvakare zvakanaka kushanda nemirairo) uye nekudaro kutarisa kwedu kwekutanga kuchave kunotevera: Gwaro reLaTeX iri faira remavara (.tex) iro rakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvakanyatsosiyaniswa; sumo uye mutumbi wegwaro. Pakutanga tichapa izvo zvinoratidza gwaro (mhando, zita, munyori, mapakeji anodikanwa, nezvimwewo). Mutumbi une gwaro pacharo uye zvakatemwa nezve chimiro charo.

Kuti uwane kujekesa kukuru (uye kwete kuti ndizviwande zvakanyanya muchikamu chino) ndinokurudzira kutarisa gwaro rinotevera neruzivo rwakakosha iro mumaonero angu rinokutendera kuti unzwisise zvatichabata nazvo:
http://thales.cica.es/files/glinex/practicas-glinex05/manuales/latex/Cap2.pdf

Mune ramangwana isu tichajekesa zvese izvi zvinhu.

Gwaro rangu rekutanga, "nhanho diki yemurume ..."

Zvakanaka, iyo nguva yasvika uye yekumisa kumwe kunyumwira, isu tichaisiya iyo chikamu chechitatu. Kunge chero mutauro weLaTeX, inobata chiratidzo chayo icho chisingafanirwe kutorwa zvishoma. Pakupera kwechikamu chinotevera, ini ndinovimbisa kuti tichava nemhedzisiro yedu yekutanga kuLaTeX uye, kana zvikazoitika sezvandinotarisira, kutya kupi nekupi kunogona kuramba kuchisara, kuchadzoserwa pasimba uye runako izvo zvirokwazvo , muverengi anodikanwa, ndakanga ndisati ndambofungisisa nezvazvo.
Kusvikira nguva inotevera.

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