Imithombo ye-Gentoo: Uyakha njani i-kernel ngaphandle kokufa uzama

Ewe, eli lelinye lala manqaku ndingenakho ukuwahoya ngaphambi kokuqala isikhokelo sokufakwa kweGentoo know Ndiyazi ukuba baninzi bazakube bejonge phambili kwesi sithuba, kwaye ndiyaxolisa ngokwenza ukuba ulinde, kodwa ndicinga ukuba andiyichazi le nto ngononophelo ngokuchasene nenqanaba lomsebenzisi we-Gentoo 😛 Ngaphandle kokuqhubeka, masiqale.

Yintoni ukhozo?

I-kernel ngokufanelekileyo iyinxalenye ye-Linux yalo naluphi na ulwabiwo, yinkqubo esivumela ukuba sinxibelelane nesiqwenga ngasinye sekhompyuter kunye neenkqubo esizisebenzisayo. Umakhi wayo, uLinus Torvalds, uthathe isigqibo sokuyikhupha phantsi kwelayisensi ye-GPL kwaye enkosi kuye, kunye neprojekthi ye-GNU, ngoku singonwabela ulwabiwo kunye neendidi ezininzi esinokukhetha kuzo. Oku kubhalwe ikakhulu kwi-C, kunye neNdibano encinci apha naphaya, kwaye namhlanje yeyona projekthi inkulu yasimahla yesoftware, inamawaka abaphuhlisi abasebenza kuyo, bobabini abazithandayo kunye neengcali, kwaye igcina umgca ukukhula okukhawulezayo okukhawulezayo iminyaka eliqela ngoku. . Nantsi iphepha elisemthethweni lekernel ke banokuthatha ujongo olunzulu.

Unjani kuGentoo?

Ewe, njengoko kulindelwe kwi-Gentoo, zininzi iindlela zekernel, ndishiya apha uluhlu oluncinci ukuze ubone ngcono ukuba ndithetha ntoni:

• Imithombo ye-gentoo: IKernel 4.12 ineepatches ezikhethekileyo zeGentoo Linux.
• Imithombo ye-git: IKernel ikhutshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yokugcina izinto zeLinus Git.
• Imithombo yevanilla: I-kernel epheleleyo ngaphandle kwesiqwengana.
• Imithombo xbox: I-kernel epheleleyo yeXbox Linux.
• Imithombo-zen: I-kernel ephilayo yeZen
• ...

Uluhlu olupheleleyo ndikushiyele ifayile ye- Ikhonkco lewiki apho ungafumana zonke iinkozo zeGentoo zigcinwa koovimba bazo. (yonke into ephela nge -imithombo)

Ndinekhowudi, ngoku kuza kuthini?

Ewe, ngokungafaniyo nazo zonke ezinye iiphakheji zeLinux, i-kernel Hayi ihlaziyiwe, ifakwe. Oku kusivumela ukuba sibe neenkozo ezininzi kwinkqubo yethu ngaxeshanye, ewe, unokuhlala uqhuba inye ngexesha. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka sisebenzise izixhobo esele sithethe ngazo kwisithuba esedlule. Kodwa kuba eGentoo abahlali benza iipesenti ezingama-80 zomsebenzi wakho, masiyenze ngeyona ndlela ilula 😉

genkernel-elandelayo:

Makhe ndikwazise kwisixhobo esihle nje-sibizwa ngokuba yi-genkernel-elandelayo, ungayifumana kwii-Gentoo zokugcina.

Uluhlu lwezinto onokukhetha kuzo lukhulu nangakumbi, kodwa nazi ezinye zeendlela endizithandayo. Elinye lawona manyathelo abaluleke kakhulu xa ufaka iGentoo ukuseta ye kernel yakho, oku kuyakuvumela ukuba ufumane uninzi lwecomputer yakho kwaye kwangaxeshanye uphephe bonke ubunzima obongezelelekileyo obuninzi beenkozo esele zihlanganisiwe.

I-CLI kunye ne-GUI:

Njengoko unokulindela, ubumbeko lwe-kernel lukwanazo neendlela ezininzi zokwenza ukhetho -yokukhetha kuyo yonke indawo, kuhle kakhulu. Nazi ezinye zeefoto zokuba iinketho zijongeka kanjani:

genkernel –xconfig zonke

genkernel –qconfig zonke

genkernel –nconfig zonke

genkernel –menuconfig yonke (endiyithandayo)

Kukhulu, kodwa ndizifumana njani izinto?

Umbuzo olumkileyo wonke umntu azibuza wona ngoku. Ukuba awufuni ukukhangela umgca ngomgca, khumbula ukuba «/ » kwaye "? » Abahlobo bakho kule mishini. Kodwa kuba kungcono ukubona kunokufunda, ndiyakubonisa ukuba ndithetha ukuthini ngale nto.

Masithi sifuna ukukhangela iprosesa yethu, i-kernel ixhasa zombini i-Intel kunye ne-AMD, kwaye eyethu yi-Intel. Ukuba ucinezela / (slash), iya kusisa kule menyu ilandelayo:

Kukhulu, ngoku masibone umlingo usebenza 🙂

Kakhulu! Ngoku sinoluhlu olwehlayo kunye nalo lonke ulwazi esinokulufuna, igama lobugcisa lemodyuli, indlela, uhlobo lwexabiso, njl. Ke ngoku umbuzo ... ndifumana njani kwindawo? Ilula kakhulu! ukuba sijonga kwicala lasekhohlo, sinamanani ngaphakathi kubazali. Cinezela enye yazo kwaye uya kubona umlingo usenzeka kwakhona.

Ngokukhawuleza oku! Sele sikule ndawo siyifunayo. Kodwa ... yima, ndikuxelele lonto ? ngumhlobo wakho, uyakhumbula? Kulungile masibone kwenzeka ntoni ukuba siyacinezela? ngoku.

Inkcazo emfutshane yemodyuli, ukhetho kunye nokuxhomekeka kuko konke eminweni yakho. Nje ukuba uphando lwakho lugqityiwe, ungaphuma. Uya kuqaphela ukuba ibha ephezulu ibuyile kwi-Search (Intel) line, ukuba uphuma kwakhona, iya kukubuyisela kwimenyu ephambili apho ungaqala khona ukukhangela.

Uhamba ntoni kwaye yintoni?

Okwangoku kuya kufuneka sele uzive unamandla ngokupheleleyo, kuba uyifezekisile into enokwenziwa ngabantu abambalwa ebomini babo, ukuqokelela ikernel. Siyavuyisana nawe! Kodwa ngoku umbuzo uvela… kufuneka ndiguqule ntoni? Ukuba mhlobo wam, yinto onokuyifumana kuphela, kodwa kunjalo ndingakunika izindululo ezimbalwa ezindinceda kakhulu:

Ukungagqibeki kuyasebenza

Njengazo zonke iinkqubo, iLinux iqulunqelwe ukusebenza noseto olungagqibekanga. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba nokuba awufuni ukumisela nantoni na, xa uqokelela uya kuba ne-kernel esebenzayo.

Ukuba awuyazi, sukuyihambisa

Le nto yeyona nto inomdla kakhulu iya kuyijonga. Kuhle ukuba ukwazi ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kukhetho, kodwa ukuba unomdla wokwazi ngokwenyani ukuba umatshini wakho ucinga njani, ukufundwa kukhetho ngalunye kuyindlela elungileyo yokuziqhelanisa nombono. Njalo ukukhumbula into oyitshintshayo kunye nokukhangela okanye ukuthelekisa nesikhangeli kuyacetyiswa nayo.

Obona bunzima buninzi ngabaqhubi

Abaqhubi abaninzi balayishwa ngokungagqibekanga, oku kwenza ukuba i-kernel inzima. Umzekelo, kuphela kumakhadi enethiwekhi, kukho abaqhubi abali-10 abasemthethweni kwi-kernel, kwaye uninzi lwezinto ezisasazwayo zidibanisa zonke ezili-10, okanye nangaphezulu, kodwa enyanisweni uya kusebenzisa enye kwikhompyuter yakho (Qaphela ukuba kwi-Wi-Fi kukho enye into eyahlukileyo icandelo). Ukuba ufuna ukunciphisa ubunzima be kernel yakho, ukhetho lwakho lokuqala lukhona. Kule nto, abahlobo bakho abasenyongweni baya kuba lspci, y Uphando. Ngale nto unokuba nombono ocacileyo wento onayo kwaye ushiye kuphela abaqhubi abayimfuneko ukuze isebenze. Umzekelo, ndiyishiya imveliso yam ye-lspci:

Ngale nto ndinokuba nolwazi olucacileyo, olufana nomlawuli wenethiwekhi, isilawuli seWi-Fi, i-hard drive ye-SATA, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezindincedayo ukunciphisa ubunzima bekernel yam.

Jonga kakuhle ukuba ubhala into eyimfuneko kunye *

Enkosi kwakhona kwiqabane lethu Njord, Inqaku elibalulekileyo ndilibele ukulikhankanya ngenxa yeemvakalelo 🙂

Kuya kufuneka kwakhona kukhankanywe ukuba kukho amanqaku e-kernel ekufuneka ebandakanywe kuyo (*), kwaye ezinye zinokuphathwa njengeemodyuli (M). Ndiyakhumbula i-kernel yam yokuqala edityanisiweyo, ndifuna ukushiya inkxaso yam yeengcambu njengemodyuli, ingasebenza nini ebomini xD ...

Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba i-kernel yakho ifuna into yokusebenza, ayinakuba yi imodyuli. Ngokuzenzekelayo, iimodyuli zilayisha emva kokuba i-kernel yenze yonke inkqubo yokuqalisa. Ukuba i-kernel yakho ifuna into eqala ngayo, kungcono ihlanganiswe endaweni yemodyuli … Esizisa kwinqaku lokuqala kwakhona "?"  ngumhlobo wethu 😉

Shwa nkathelo:

Kulungile ngoku ukuba ungene kwilizwe le-kernel kancinane, ndicinga ukuba sele ndidibene nelinye inyathelo elibalulekileyo elifunekayo ukuze ndikwazi ukuvelisa isikhokelo sokufaka i-Gentoo ~ ezingama-20 🙂 kodwa ukuba ndifumana enye into phaya ndiza kuzama ukucacisa ngaphambi koko vumela nje emoyeni.

Ndiyabulisa kwaye ndikushiyele ezinye zezithuba zam xa uthe waphoswa:

IGentoo Linux: Ibali loTyelelo

Gentoo: Kutheni ndikhethe ukwenza iinkqubo zam?

Gentoo: Intliziyo yesilo