Ku-Debian babeka udaba lokuhlinzeka nge-firmware yokuphathelene evotini
Ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kulo nyaka, sihlanganyela lapha kubhulogi izindaba mayelana nesinyathelo sokucabanga kabusha Isimo sengqondo sika-Debian ngokuthumela i-firmware yobunikazi futhi manje emasontweni ambalwa kamuva iphrojekthi ye-Debian imemezele ivoti lesinqumo elijwayelekile (GR) ngonjiniyela bephrojekthi esihlokweni sokuthi hlinzeka nge-firmware yokuphathelene njengengxenye ye izithombe zokufaka ezisemthethweni kanye nokuhlanganiswa okubukhoma.
Isigaba sezingxoxo samaphuzu avotelwe izoqhubeka kuze kube uSepthemba 2, emva kwalokho kuzoqala ukuqoqwa kwamavoti. Balinganiselwa ku-1000 onjiniyela abahilelekile ekunakekeleni amaphakheji e-Debian nengqalasizinda enamalungelo okuvota.
Muva nje, abakhiqizi bezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha baye baphendukela ekusebenziseni i-firmware yangaphandle elayishwe uhlelo lokusebenza, kunokuba banikeze i-firmware kwimemori engunaphakade yamadivayisi ngokwawo. Le firmware yangaphandle idingwa ihluzo eziningi zesimanje, umsindo, nama-adaptha enethiwekhi.
Ngasikhathi sinye, umbuzo wokuthi ukuhlinzekwa kwe-firmware yobunikazi kuhlobana kanjani nesidingo sokuthumela isoftware yamahhala kuphela ekwakhiweni okukhulu kwe-Debian akucaci, njengoba i-firmware isebenza kumadivayisi wehadiwe, hhayi uhlelo, futhi ibhekisa ku-Hardware.
Amakhompyutha esimanje, afakwe ngisho nangokusabalaliswa kwamahhala ngokuphelele, asebenzisa i-firmware eshumekwe kuhadiwe. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi enye i-firmware ilayishwe uhlelo lokusebenza, kanti ezinye sezivele zifakwe ku-ROM noma kwimemori ye-Flash.
Kuze kube manje, i-firmware yokuphathelene ayizange ifakwe ezithombeni ezisemthethweni zokufakwa kwe-Debian futhi ithunyelwe endaweni yokugcina ehlukile engekho mahhala.
Ukufakwa kwakha nge-firmware yobunikazi kunesimo sokungekho emthethweni futhi asatshalaliswa ngokwehlukana, okuholela ekudidekeni nokudala ubunzima kubasebenzisi, njengoba ezimweni eziningi ukusebenza okugcwele kwemishini yesimanje kungafinyelelwa kuphela ngemva kokufaka i-firmware yobunikazi. Izakhiwo ezingekho emthethweni ezine-firmware yobunikazi zilungiswa futhi zigcinwe iphrojekthi ye-Debian, edinga izindleko ezengeziwe zezinsiza ukuze kudalwe, kuhlolwe, futhi kusingathwe izakhiwo ezingekho emthethweni eziphinda ezisemthethweni.
Kuvele isimo lapho ukwakha okungekho emthethweni kungcono kakhulu kumsebenzisi uma efuna ukuzuza ukwesekwa okuvamile kwekhompyutha yakhe, futhi ukufaka ukwakhiwa okusemthethweni okunconyiwe kuvame ukuholela ezinkingeni zokusekela ihadiwe.
Futhi, ukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo ezingekho emthethweni kuphazamisa inhloso yokuhlinzeka ngesofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile kuphela futhi, ngaphandle kokwazi, kuholela ekwandiseni isofthiwe yokuphathelene, njengoba umsebenzisi, kanye ne-firmware, futhi uthola inqolobane engekho mahhala exhunywe kwezinye ezingekho mahhala. isofthiwe.
Ukuxazulula inkinga yokuvula indawo yokugcina engakhululekile yabasebenzisi esimweni sokusebenzisa i-firmware engekho mahhala, kuhlongozwa ukuthi kuhlukaniswe i-firmware yokuphathelene nendawo yamahhala engxenyeni ehlukile ye-firmware engeyona yamahhala bese uyithumela ngokuhlukile ngaphandle kokudinga ukuthi kusebenze inqolobane engekho mahhala. Mayelana nokuhlinzekwa kwe-firmware yobunikazi emihlanganweni yokufaka, izinketho ezintathu zezinguquko ziyavotelwa:
- Bandakanya amaphakheji we-firmware angamahhala kumidiya yokufaka esemthethweni. Isithombe esisha sokufakwa esiqukethe i-firmware engakhululekile sizothunyelwa esikhundleni sesithombe esiqukethe isofthiwe yamahhala kuphela. Uma une-hardware edinga i-firmware yangaphandle, ukusetshenziswa kwe-firmware yobunikazi edingekayo kuzovulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, esiteji sokuqalisa, isilungiselelo sizokwengezwa esizokuvumela ukuthi ukhubaze ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwe-firmware engekho mahhala. Ukuze umsebenzisi enze isinqumo enolwazi, isifaki sizohlukanisa ngokusobala i-firmware yamahhala nengeyona yamahhala, futhi sibonise ulwazi mayelana nokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-firmware oluzolayishwa. Ngemva kokufaka ohlelweni, kuphakanyiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukwengeza inqolobane ye-firmware engakhululekile kufayela le-sources.list
- Lungiselela isithombe sokufaka esine-firmware engakhululekile njengoba kuchazwe ephuzwini 1, kodwa sithumele ngokwehlukana hhayi esikhundleni sesithombe esiqukethe kuphela isofthiwe yamahhala. Kuhlongozwa ukuba kwenziwe isithombe esisha sokufaka esine-firmware esemthethweni, kodwa ukuqhubeka nokuthumela inguqulo yakudala yesithombe esisemthethweni esingafaki i-firmware yobunikazi. Ukwenza kube lula kwabaqalayo ukuthi bathole, isithombe esine-firmware sizoboniswa endaweni egqame kakhulu. Isithombe esingenayo i-firmware sizonikezwa ekhasini elifanayo nokulandiwe, kodwa ngokuza kuqala okuphansi.
- Vumela iphrojekthi ye-Debian ukuthi yakhe isithombe esihlukile sokufaka esihlanganisa amaphakheji asuka esigabeni esingakhululekile, azotholakala ukuze alandwe ngaphezu kwesithombe sokufaka esiqukethe kuphela isofthiwe yamahhala. Ukulanda kuzohlelwa ngendlela yokuthi umsebenzisi aziswe ngaphambi kokuthi ukulanda kuqale ukuthi yisiphi isithombe esiqukethe isofthiwe yamahhala kuphela.
Ekugcineni, uma unentshisekelo yokwazi okwengeziwe ngakho, ungaxhumana nemininingwane ku- isixhumanisi esilandelayo.